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- Fu, Michael, 1963, et al.
(författare)
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Localization of a functional autoimmune epitope on the muscarinic acetylcholine receptor-2 in patients with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy.
- 1993
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Ingår i: The Journal of clinical investigation. - 0021-9738. ; 91:5, s. 1964-8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A peptide corresponding to the sequence 169-193 of the second extracellular loop of the human muscarinic acetylcholine receptor-2 was used as an antigen to screen sera from patients with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM, n = 36) and healthy blood donors (HBD, n = 40). The sera from 14 patients with DCM (38.8%) and 3 HBD (7.5%) recognized the muscarinic receptor peptide at dilutions varying from 1:20 to 1:160 in ELISA. A highly significant correlation (P = 0.006) was found between the presence of antimuscarinic receptor-2 autoantibodies and anti-beta-adrenoceptor-1 autoantibodies in the patients' sera. Affinity-purified autoantibodies from positive sera of patients with DCM recognized on the electrotransferred protein of rat ventricular membrane a major band of about 80 kD. Incubation of autoantibodies with membrane resulted not only in a decrease in the maximal binding sites (Bmax) but also in an increase in Kd of radioligand binding in a concentration-dependent manner. This suggests a mixed-type of inhibition. Moreover, preincubation with atropine abolished the inhibitory effect of autoantibodies on the receptor binding whereas carbachol appeared to have no effect on the activity of the autoantibodies. These data define a subgroup of patients with idiopathic DCM who have in their sera functionally active autoantibodies against muscarinic receptor-2.
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- Kamrad, Ilka, et al.
(författare)
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Poor prosthesis survival and function after component exchange of total ankle prostheses
- 2015
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Ingår i: Acta Orthopaedica. - : Medical Journals Sweden AB. - 1745-3682 .- 1745-3674. ; 86:4, s. 407-411
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: In failed total ankle replacements (TARs), fusion is often the procedure of preference; the outcome after exchanging prosthetic components is debated. We analyzed prosthetic survival, self-reported function, and patient satisfaction after component exchange. Patients and methods We identified patients in the Swedish Ankle Registry who underwent exchange of a tibial and/or talar component between January 1, 1993 and July 1, 2013 and estimated prosthetic survival by Kaplan-Meier analysis. We evaluated the patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) SEFAS, EQ-5D, EQ-VAS, SF-36, and patient satisfaction by direct questions.RESULTS: 69 patients underwent revision TAR median 22 (0-110) months after the primary procedure. 24 of these failed again after median 26 (1-110) months. Survival analysis of revision TAR showed a 5-year survival rate of 76% and a 10-year survival of 55%. 29 patients with first revision TAR in situ answered the PROMs at mean 8 (1-17) years after revision and had the following mean scores: SEFAS 22, SF-36 physical 37 and mental 49, EQ-5D index 0.6, and EQ-VAS 64. 15 of the patients were satisfied, 5 were neither satisfied nor dissatisfied, and 9 were dissatisfied.INTERPRETATION: Revision TAR had a 10-year survival of 55%, which is lower than the 10-year survival of 74% for primary TAR reported from the same registry. Only half of the patients were satisfied. Future studies should show which, if any, patients benefit from revision TAR and which patients should rather be fused directly.
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- Lin, Xiao Ping, et al.
(författare)
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Local allergic reaction in food-hypersensitive adults despite a lack of systemic food-specific IgE
- 2002
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Ingår i: J Allergy Clin Immunol. ; 109:5 Pt 1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Objective tools are lacking for the diagnosis of local gastrointestinal inflammatory reactions in skin prick test (SPT)-negative and serum IgE antibody (s-IgE Ab)-negative patients with suspected food allergy. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this investigation was to evaluate the presence of eosinophils, T cells, local IgE-bearing cells, IL-4, and IFN-gamma in small intestinal biopsy specimens from adult SPT-negative/s-IgE Ab-negative patients with food allergy during symptomatic and nonsymptomatic periods. METHODS: Fourteen patients with food allergy-related gastrointestinal symptoms confirmed by double-blinded, placebo-controlled food challenge (DBPCFC) were investigated. Eleven of the patients were SPT-negative and s-IgE Ab-negative. Sex- and age-matched healthy volunteers were used as controls. Duodenal biopsies were studied with immunostaining through use of a panel of mouse monoclonal antibodies specific for eosinophils, CD3, CD4, CD8, IgE, IL-4, and IFN-gamma. RESULTS: Significant increases in numbers of MBP(+) eosinophils, IgE-bearing cells, and T cells were found in the duodenal mucosa of the patients when they were symptomatic in comparison with when they were asymptomatic and in comparison with healthy controls. Numbers of IL-4(+) cells were increased and numbers of IFN-gamma(+) cells were reduced in the patients when they were symptomatic in comparison with when they were asymptomatic and in comparison with the controls. There were no differences in total s-IgE levels between any of the groups. CONCLUSION: A significant correlation was found between the appearance of symptoms of food hypersensitivity and the duodenal presence of IgE-bearing cells, activated eosinophils, and T cells in patients with negative SPT results and negative s-IgE Ab to the offending food. We suggest that a localized IgE-mediated response caused the gastrointestinal symptoms seen in these patients.
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- Magnusson, Jenny, 1970, et al.
(författare)
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Seasonal intestinal inflammation in patients with birch pollen allergy
- 2003
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Ingår i: J Allergy Clin Immunol. ; 112:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: The pathophysiologic interactions of inflammatory reactions between the mucosa of the respiratory tract and that of the gastrointestinal tract in individuals with allergy are poorly studied, despite the fact that allergic symptoms in the airways and the gastrointestinal tract might arise in the same patient. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to examine the inflammatory response histologically by enumerating eosinophils, IgE+ cells, and T cells in duodenal biopsy specimens in adult patients with IgE-mediated birch pollen allergy during the birch pollen season and off-season. METHODS: Nine patients with birch pollen allergy verified by skin prick test and serum IgE antibodies were investigated toward the end of the birch pollen season and again 6 months later (off-season). Duodenal biopsy specimens were obtained and studied by immunostaining for the eosinophil major basic protein (MBP), IgE, and CD3+ T cells. RESULTS: Oral allergy syndrome to birch-associated foods was present in all patients as indicated by questionnaire. Duodenal increases of MBP+ eosinophils and IgE-bearing cells were found in the patients during the birch pollen season as compared with off-season. No seasonal differences in the T-cell numbers in these patients were seen. Off-season, there was no significant difference between the patients and the control subjects regarding the intestinal frequencies of MBP+ eosinophils, mucosal IgE+ cells, and T cells. CONCLUSION: Birch pollen exposure triggered a local inflammation with an increase in duodenal eosinophils and IgE-carrying mast cells in patients with allergy. Our study gives evidence for the interplay between immunologically active cells in the airways and the gut.
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- Ahlsén, Jimmy, et al.
(författare)
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Undersökning av biota i anslutning till dumpade fartyg med kemisk ammunition
- 2018
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- På uppdrag av Havs- och vattenmyndigheten har en undersökning utförts i ett dumpningsområde utanför Måseskär där fartyg lastade med kemiska stridsmedel (CWA) sänktes efter andra världskriget.Studien som utfördes av Marine Monitoring AB omfattade fiske efter fisk och skaldjur under 2016 och 2017 i anslutning till tidigare identifierade vrak. Kemiska analyser av de fångade organismerna utfördes av ALS Scandinavia AB och the Finnish Institute for Verification of the Chemical Weapons Convention, University of Helsinki (VERIFIN).Valet av målarter gjordes med avseende på deras kommersiella betydelse, födoval samt deras avgiftningsförmåga. Bland fiskar valdes torsk, rödtunga, gråsej, vitlinglyra och pirål och av skaldjur havskräfta och nordhavsräka. På grund av utebliven fångst av nordhavsräka under 2016 års undersökning analyserades det året även den bottenlevande valthornssnäckan.Två typer av försöksdesign användes. Den första frågeställningen var huruvida de fångade arterna var lämpliga som livsmedel. Fiske med garn gjordes därför i nära anslutning till och på vraken och räkburar placerades även i deras omedelbara närhet. Den andra frågan var om den intensiva bottentrålningen i området kunde medföra spridning av sedimentbundna kemiska stridsmedel till ett större område. Kräftburar placerades därför ut i ett område längs den dominerande strömriktningen.Resultaten från de kemiska analyserna från 2016 och 2017 års undersökningar visade på spår av nedbrytningsprodukter från de arsenikhaltiga stridsmedlen Clark I och/eller Clark II i 6 av 49 prover. Vävnadsprover från en havskräfta, två fiskar av arten rödtunga, samt tre samlingsprover av nordhavsräka gav utslag vid analysen. Inga kemiska stridsmedel kunde påvisas i övriga prover.De funna halterna är mycket låga men visar att dessa stridsmedel är sänkta i området, vilket är ny kunskap. Tidigare undersökningar (Sjöfartsverket, 1992 och Spiridonov, M.A., Zhamoida, V.A. 1999) har visat rester av nedbrytningsprodukter av senapsgas (thiodiglykol) och av arsener i sediment i dumpningsområdet.De låga halterna av Clark I och/eller Clark II i vävnaden hos individerna medför ingen ökad hälsorisk vid konsumtion (personlig kommunikation, Salomon Sand, Livsmedelsverket) men rester av kemiska stridsmedel bör inte finnas alls i organismerna. Detektion av rester av kemiska stridsmedel har varit koncentrerad kring de centrala delarna av det vrakområde som undersökts av Sjöfartsverket (2015).Det har under undersökningens gång varit fortsatt intensiv trålaktivitet inom området, men huruvida det har skett någon tydlig spridning av sedimentbundna kemiska stridsmedel utanför vrakområdet har inte kunnat fastställas.
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