| 1. |
- Alatalo, Tarja, et al.
(författare)
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Høgtlesing og tidlig skriving i svenske og norske barnehager
- 2020
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Ingår i: Norsk Barnehageforskningskonferanse. ; , s. 14-14
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Bakgrunn: Tidlig skriftspråkutvikling har vist sammenheng med senere lese- og skriveferdigheter i skolen. I barnehagen er det behov for en didaktikk der lek er kjernen, og hvor alle barn får mulighet til å kommunisere, utforske og leke med skrift. For å få til dette har det betydning hvordan et innhold som skrift representeres og behandles i barnehagen. Hensikten med denne studien er å bidra med kunnskap om hvordan nordiske barnehagelærere tilrettelegger for skriftspråklæring i nordiske barnehager. Følgende forskningsspørsmålet er sentralt: Hvilken oppfatning, praksis og erfaringer beskriver barnehagelærere at de har med høytlesing og skriving?Metode: 76 barnehagelærer i Sverige og 92 barnehagelærer i Norge besvarte et spørreskjema med åpne og lukket spørsmål om høytlesing og skriving. Resultatene ble analysert med frekvensanalyse i SPSS og med kvalitativ innholdsanalyse av åpne spørsmål.Resultater: Preliminære funn viser at det er mindre skriving på småbarnsavdeling og stor variasjon i tekstmiljøet knytt til skriving for eldre barn. Høytlesing er en sentral del av barnehagens virksomhet, men det er stor variasjon i vilkårene for høytlesning, hva som leses, hvorfor og hvor ofte det leses.Implikasjoner for praksis: Studien kan styrke barnehagelærers didaktikk innenfor språk og kommunikasjon gjennom å løfte frem eksempel på hvordan barnehagelærer legger til rette for høytlesing og skriving. Barnehagelærer trenger kunnskap om høytlesing som en didaktikk hvor skriftspråket er i sentrum og hvordan man tilrettelegger for skriving om funksjon, og ikke først og fremst som form, for de yngste barna.
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| 2. |
- Alatalo, Tarja, et al.
(författare)
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Nordic Preschool Teachers’ Views of the Physical and Psychological Literacy Environments Regarding Read-Alouds in Preschool
- 2024
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Ingår i: Nordisk Barnehageforskning. - 1890-9167.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This research aimed to increase knowledge about Nordic preschool teachers’ views of their preschool’s physical and psychological literacy environment regarding read-alouds. A total of 222 Nordic preschool teachers (52 Finnish, 91 Norwegian and 79 Swedish) responded to a survey about early literacy practices. Likert scale questions were relevant in this study, and they included statements about the teachers’ views of the physical literacy environment and practices of reading aloud. Scales indicating a physical and psychological literacy environment were created based on statements that reflected the respective literacy environment. The results revealed that the teachers, on average, rated their preschool’s physical literacy environment positively. Their attitudes towards the psychological literacy environment were, on average, high regarding reading aloud as an opportunity for meaning-making and even higher for language-stimulating interaction. The attitudes towards reading aloud to organise everyday activities scored very low on average, which was a somewhat unexpected finding. There were some statistically significant differences in the measures between countries and groups by, for example, educational level. High-quality literacy environments are discussed as essential to emphasise in preschool teacher training and in-service training.
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| 3. |
- Alatalo, Tarja, 1961-, et al.
(författare)
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Read-Aloud and Writing Practices in Nordic Preschools
- 2023
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Educational Research. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0031-3831 .- 1470-1170. ; 68:3, s. 588-603
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study investigated preschool teachers’ read-aloud and writing practices using a questionnaire about how activities were planned and organized, and what their purpose was. The sample consisted of 222 participants from Finland, Norway, and Sweden. Data was analyzed using a mixed methods approach. The results indicate that early literacy practices were not planned systematically. Most of the preschool teachers (77%) reported having storybook read-alouds at least three times per week. A large minority (45.5%) reported never or seldom using writing activities, and rarely in play. The main aims of read-alouds were to promote learning and development, create a sense of community, and regulate group activities. The main aims of writing practices were to learn about letters, understand the function of print, and arouse interest in writing. We discuss the implications of these findings in relation to a need for a didactic approach, where play is the core of early literacy practices.
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| 4. |
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Att möta barns sociala språkmiljö i förskolan : flerdimensionella perspektiv
- 2019
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Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Barn kommer till förskolan med varierande erfarenheter av språk. Förskolan har därför en betydande roll i barns tidiga språk-, läs och skrivutveckling, inte minst i ett likvärdighetsperspektiv. Förskolan behöver organiseras så att alla barn får tillgång till stimulerande språk,- skriv- och läsfrämjande lärandemiljöer. Boken handlar om hur förskolan kan skapa sådana sociala språkmiljöer.Boken bidrar med tydliga exempel från förskollärares vardagliga arbete. Den är uppbyggd utifrån tre teman med inriktning mot språk, och bidrar med en modell som visar de lärandestrategier som kännetecknar en social språkmiljö: omsorgsstrategier, kommunikativa strategier och lekstrategier. Författarna kommer både från praktiken i förskolorna och från forskarkåren och arbetar aktivt med frågor som handlar om barns språkutveckling.Boken riktar sig till förskollärarstuderande, lärarutbildare, förskollärare och andra verksamma i förskolan samt forskare inom pedagogik och didaktik. Den lämpar sig mycket väl för kollegialt lärande i förskolan och för diskussioner i arbetslag.
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| 5. |
- Berndt, Sonja I., et al.
(författare)
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Genome-wide meta-analysis identifies 11 new loci for anthropometric traits and provides insights into genetic architecture
- 2013
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Ingår i: Nature Genetics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1061-4036 .- 1546-1718. ; 45:5, s. 501-U69
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Approaches exploiting trait distribution extremes may be used to identify loci associated with common traits, but it is unknown whether these loci are generalizable to the broader population. In a genome-wide search for loci associated with the upper versus the lower 5th percentiles of body mass index, height and waist-to-hip ratio, as well as clinical classes of obesity, including up to 263,407 individuals of European ancestry, we identified 4 new loci (IGFBP4, H6PD, RSRC1 and PPP2R2A) influencing height detected in the distribution tails and 7 new loci (HNF4G, RPTOR, GNAT2, MRPS33P4, ADCY9, HS6ST3 and ZZZ3) for clinical classes of obesity. Further, we find a large overlap in genetic structure and the distribution of variants between traits based on extremes and the general population and little etiological heterogeneity between obesity subgroups.
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| 6. |
- Beukelman, Timothy, et al.
(författare)
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A survey of national and multi-national registries and cohort studies in juvenile idiopathic arthritis : challenges and opportunities
- 2017
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Ingår i: Pediatric Rheumatology. - : BIOMED CENTRAL LTD. - 1546-0096. ; 15
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: To characterize the existing national and multi-national registries and cohort studies in juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) and identify differences as well as areas of potential future collaboration.Methods: We surveyed investigators from North America, Europe, and Australia about existing JIA cohort studies and registries. We excluded cross-sectional studies. We captured information about study design, duration, location, inclusion criteria, data elements and collection methods.Results: We received survey results from 18 studies, including 11 national and 7 multi-national studies representing 37 countries in total. Study designs included inception cohorts, prevalent disease cohorts, and new treatment cohorts (several of which contribute to pharmacosurveillance activities). Despite numerous differences, the data elements collected across the studies was quite similar, with most studies collecting at least 5 of the 6 American College of Rheumatology core set variables and the data needed to calculate the 3-variable clinical juvenile disease activity score. Most studies were collecting medication initiation and discontinuation dates and were attempting to capture serious adverse events.Conclusion: There is a wide-range of large, ongoing JIA registries and cohort studies around the world. Our survey results indicate significant potential for future collaborative work using data from different studies and both combined and comparative analyses.
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| 7. |
- Borgström, Magnus T., et al.
(författare)
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Towards Nanowire Tandem Junction Solar Cells on Silicon
- 2018
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Ingår i: IEEE Journal of Photovoltaics. - 2156-3381. ; 8:3, s. 733-740
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The development of photovoltaics as a serious means of producing renewable energy has accelerated greatly in the last ten years, with prices for silicon-based solar cell systems dropping dramatically in the last few years. The next great opportunity for photovoltaics following this competitiveness in prices will be to enhance the cell and panel efficiencies. It is quite generally seen that the most viable platform on which this should be realized will be as augmented silicon solar cells, in which a top cell will be combined with the silicon bottom cell in a tandem configuration, by which the efficiency can be enhanced by a factor from 20% to 50%, depending on details of the approach. In this paper, we report on the status of one such approach, namely, with a top cell comprising III-V nanowires, connected to the bottom silicon cell in a two-terminal or four-terminal configuration. Among the most important opportunities, we show that a substrate-free growth, called Aerotaxy, offers a radical reduction in the total price picture. Besides the description of the key technical approaches, we also discuss the environmental issues.
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Do, Ron, et al.
(författare)
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Common variants associated with plasma triglycerides and risk for coronary artery disease
- 2013
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Ingår i: Nature Genetics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1061-4036 .- 1546-1718. ; 45:11, s. 1345-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Triglycerides are transported in plasma by specific triglyceride-rich lipoproteins; in epidemiological studies, increased triglyceride levels correlate with higher risk for coronary artery disease (CAD). However, it is unclear whether this association reflects causal processes. We used 185 common variants recently mapped for plasma lipids (P < 5 x 10(-8) for each) to examine the role of triglycerides in risk for CAD. First, we highlight loci associated with both low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and triglyceride levels, and we show that the direction and magnitude of the associations with both traits are factors in determining CAD risk. Second, we consider loci with only a strong association with triglycerides and show that these loci are also associated with CAD. Finally, in a model accounting for effects on LDL-C and/or high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels, the strength of a polymorphism's effect on triglyceride levels is correlated with the magnitude of its effect on CAD risk. These results suggest that triglyceride-rich lipoproteins causally influence risk for CAD.
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| 10. |
- Erlandsson, Therez, et al.
(författare)
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Studenter som medskapare av undervisning i att söka, samla och värdera information
- 2015
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Denna rapport redogör för ett pedagogiskt utvecklingsprojekt som biblioteket på Malmö högskola genomfört under 2014 om studenter som medskapare av undervisning i informationssökning. Projektet har tilldelats pedagogiska utvecklingsmedel från utbildningsberedningen. Syftet med projektet har varit att utveckla metoder för att ta tillvara studenternas erfarenheter och tidigare kunskaper för att stödja deras informationssökning. Vi har velat undersöka på vilka sätt studenterna aktivt kan involveras i undervisningen genom att titta på olika former av brukarinvolvering. Utgångspunkten har varit att ökad delaktighet leder till en djupare förståelse hos studenterna för sitt eget lärande, men också en ökad insikt hos undervisande bibliotekarier för studenternas kontext. En av slutsatserna är att för att lyckas med studentinvolvering krävs en deltagarkultur där det faktiskt är möjligt att påverka. Brukarinvolvering handlar inte bara om metoder, utan det handlar även om att alla inblandade har en inställning som stödjer ökad studentdelaktighet.
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