| 1. |
|
|
| 2. |
- Malmberg, Anders, 1956-, et al.
(författare)
-
Population age structure – An underlying driver of national, regional and urban economic development
- 2023
-
Ingår i: ZFW - Advances in Economic Geography. - : Walter de Gruyter. - 2748-1956 .- 2748-1964. ; 67:4, s. 217-233
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper argues that population age structure plays a significant role alongside institutional, technological, political, and cultural factors when it comes to explaining shifts in urban, regional and national economic development. The paper demonstrates how demographic transitions lead to changes in population age structure which in turn correlate with global shifts in economic development from 1950 onwards. It then analyzes the role of population age structure at the sub-national level by reviewing some prominent cases of regional and urban shifts in Western Europe and North America. Population size, population density and migration have always been an integrated part of economic geography, and the consequences of ageing in national and regional economies are increasingly being studied. The specific role of population age structure as a driver of economic development has, however, so far largely been ignored in the field.
|
|
| 3. |
- Malmberg, Bo, 1958-, et al.
(författare)
-
How mathematics built the modern world
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Works in Progress. ; 13
-
Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Mathematics was the cornerstone of the Industrial Revolution. A new paradigm of measurement and calculation, more than scientific discovery, built industry, modernity, and the world we inhabit today.
|
|
| 4. |
|
|
| 5. |
- Andersson, Eva, 1971-, et al.
(författare)
-
Contextual poverty and obtained educational level and income in Sweden and the Netherlands : A multi-scale and longitudinal study
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Urban Studies. - : SAGE Publications. - 0042-0980 .- 1360-063X. ; 60:5, s. 885-903
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Studies of neighbourhood effects typically measure the neighbourhood context at one specific spatial scale. It is increasingly acknowledged, however, that the mechanisms through which the residential context affects individual outcomes may operate at different spatial scales, ranging from the very immediate environment to the metropolitan region. We take a multi-scale approach to investigate the extent to which concentrated poverty in adolescence is related to obtained education level and income later in life, by measuring the residential context as bespoke neighbourhoods at five geographical scales that range from areas encompassing the 200 nearest neighbours to areas that include the 200k+ nearest neighbours. We use individual-level geocoded longitudinal register data from Sweden and the Netherlands to follow 15/16-year-olds until they are 30 years old. The findings show that the contextual effects on education are very similar in both countries. Living in a poor area as a teenager is related to a lower obtained educational level when people are in their late 20s. This relationship, however, is stronger for lower spatial scales. We also find effects of contextual poverty on income in both countries. Overall, this effect is stronger in the Netherlands than in Sweden. Partly, this is related to differences in spatial structure. If only individuals in densely populated areas in Sweden are considered, effects on income are similar across the two countries and income effects are more stable across spatial scales. Overall, we find important evidence that the scalar properties of neighbourhood effects differ across life-course outcomes.
|
|
| 6. |
- Andersson, Eva K., 1971-, et al.
(författare)
-
Contextual effects on educational attainment in individualized, scalable neighborhoods; differences across gender and social class
- 2015
-
Ingår i: Urban Studies. - : SAGE Publications. - 0042-0980 .- 1360-063X. ; 52:12, s. 2117-2133
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper analyses whether a multi-scale representation of geographical context based on statistical aggregates computed for individualised neighbourhoods can lead to improved estimates of neighbourhood effect. Our study group consists of individuals born in 1980 that have lived in Sweden since 1995 and we analyse the effect of neighbourhood context at age 15 on educational outcome at age 30 controlling for parental background. A new piece of software, Equipop, was used to compute the socio-economic composition of neighbourhoods centred on individual residential locations and ranging in scale from including the nearest 12 to the nearest 25,600 neighbours. Our results indicate that context measures based on fixed geographical sub-divisions can lead to an underestimation of neighbourhood effects. A multi-scalar representation of geographical context also makes it easier to estimate how neighbourhood effects vary across different demographic groups. This indicates that scale-sensitive measures of geographical context could help to re-invigorate the neighbourhood effects literature.
|
|
| 7. |
- Andersson, Eva K., et al.
(författare)
-
Segregation and the effects of adolescent residential context on poverty risks and early income career : A study of the Swedish 1980 cohort
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Urban Studies. - : SAGE Publications. - 0042-0980 .- 1360-063X. ; 55:2, s. 365-383
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Will the consequences of residential segregation, that is, spatial concentration of marginalized populations on the one hand, and spatial concentration of affluent populations on the other hand, generate a situation where individual life trajectories are influenced by where individuals grow up? Our aim is to analyze how poverty risks and early income career at adult age are influenced by different neighborhood contexts in early youth. We use Swedish longitudinal register data, and follow individuals born in 1980 until 2012. Residential context is measured in 1995 at age 15 by expanding a buffer around the residential locations of each individual and, by computing statistical aggregates of different socio-demographic variables for that population. The results show that poverty risks increase for individuals growing up in areas characterized by high numbers of social allowance recipients living nearby, whereas elite geographical context is favorable for both women’s and men’s future income.
|
|
| 8. |
|
|
| 9. |
|
|
| 10. |
- Clark, William A V, et al.
(författare)
-
Segregation and De-segregation in Metropolitan Contexts : Los Angeles as a Paradigm for a Changing Ethnic World
- 2014
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The residential changes in the Los Angeles metropolitan area can be seen as a metaphor for the kinds of changes which are occurring and will continue to accelerate in the large metropolitan areas of the United States and global cities more generally. New immigrants are changing the ethnic patterns of neighborhoods and communities, and the old patterns of black white segregation are increasingly a picture of the past. In this paper we use a variant of a nearest neighbor approach to map, graph and evaluate the likelihood of individuals meeting other similar race individuals or of meeting individuals of a different race or ethnicity. The research provides evidence that segregation is decreasing between some groups, increasing between others and that the distribution of mixed race individuals is a growing part of the story about residential ethnic patterns. In a series of maps of both homogeneity and heterogeneity the research shows how the metropolitan areas, represented in this case by Los Angeles, are now patterns of complex living arrangements with multiple groups inhabiting both local neighborhoods and wider community spheres. In this study we identify emerging mixed neighborhoods of different types. Some neighborhoods are disadvantaged in terms of income and employment others are among the most advantaged in the Los Angeles area. Overall the picture is one of growing complexity in the patterns of racial and ethnic groups.
|
|
