| 1. |
- Abul-Kasim, Kasim, et al.
(författare)
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Differentialdiagnoser
- 2010
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Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 2. |
- Abul-Kasim, Kasim, et al.
(författare)
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Interobserver and intraobserver agreement in the evaluation of CT perfusion in ischemic stroke
- 2009
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Ingår i: Functional Neurology. - 0393-5264. ; 24:3, s. 139-145
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Knowledge of interrater reliability in the evaluation of perfusion computed tomography (CTP) studies is very limited even though the method is widely used in the workup of acute stroke. The aims of this study were to estimate the inter- and intraolbserver agreement in the evaluation of CTP data and to evaluate the feasibility of the method. The CTP data of 20 consecutive patients (50% were females) aged 68 +/- 11 years with different categories of acute ischemic stroke were included in this retrospective analysis. Perfusion studies were evaluated independently by six radiologists on two different occasions. The overall inter- and intraolbserver agreement was substantial, showing a K value of 0.65 (95% confidence interval 0.39-0.91). The time required for the post-processing and interpretation ranged from 37 to 460 seconds. Evaluation of manually post-processed CTP data according to the maximum slope model appears to be reliable. Experience and also a short training period increase the reliability of the method and reduce the time needed for delivery of the results to the treating clinician.
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| 3. |
- Abul-Kasim, Kasim, et al.
(författare)
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Low-dose helical computed tomography (CT) in the perioperative workup of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis.
- 2009
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Ingår i: European Radiology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0938-7994 .- 1432-1084. ; 19, s. 610-618
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The study aims were to estimate the radiation dose in patients examined with low dose spine CT and to compare it with that received by patients undergoing standard CT for trauma of the same region, as well as to evaluate the impact of dose reduction on image quality. Radiation doses in 113 consecutive low dose spine CTs were compared with those in 127 CTs for trauma. The inter- and intraobserver agreement in measurements of pedicular width, and vertebral rotation, measurements of signal-to-noise ratio and assessment of hardware status were the indicators in the evaluation of image quality. The effective dose of the low dose spine CT (0.37 mSv) was 20 times lower than that of a standard CT for trauma (13.09 mSv). This dose reduction conveyed no impact on image quality. This low dose spine CT protocol allows detailed evaluation that is necessary for preoperative planning and postoperative evaluation.
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| 4. |
- Abul-Kasim, Kasim, et al.
(författare)
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MRI Findings in Spinal MRI of 306 Children with Scoliosis. A Comprehensive Retrospective Analysis.
- 2008
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Ingår i: The Neuroradiology Journal. ; 21:5, s. 672-677
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to analyze the MRI findings and assess the prevalence of different associated structural abnormalities in children with scoliosis and to determine if the age of onset is a possible indicator of intraspinal pathology. This is a retrospective analysis of 663 consecutive MR examinations (319 patients). Thirteen patients with known intraspinal tumors were excluded and a total of 306 patients aged 2-18 years with scoliosis were subjected for analysis. The scoliosis was regarded as idiopathic in 62% of patients. Among the remaining 38% the most commonly seen abnormality was syrinx and Chiari malformations. There was no statistically significant difference in the occurrence of syrinx only or syrinx associated with Chiari I malformation in patients younger than ten years and those older than ten years. MRI examination is an essential part of the work up of scoliosis in the pediatric population especially before any corrective surgery. This study and a review of the current literature suggest there is no clinical marker that would definitely serve as an indicator of the presence of intraspinal pathology in these patients.
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| 5. |
- Abul-Kasim, Kasim, et al.
(författare)
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Neuroradiologi
- 2009
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Bok (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Neuroradiologi är den första läroboken i sitt slag i Skandinavien och erbjuder en heltäckande inblick i diagnostiken av sjukdomar inom hjärna, rygg samt huvud- och halsregion med neuroanatomi och differentialdiagnostik, illustrerat med ett unikt bildmaterial. Bokens första tre delar innefattar 150, 80 respektive 80 diagnoser. De diagnoser som inte ryms i de första tre delarna hittar man i bokens fjärde del (Del IV, Neuroencyklopedi). I denna del finns en kort sammanfattad beskrivning av olika sällsynta diagnoser, syndrom och anatomiska begrepp. Del V och VI omfattar över hundra differentialdiagnoser med mycket detaljerad och deskriptiv neuroanatomi. Boken som innehåller 4 267 bilder är upplagd som en uppslagsbok, vilket underlättar för läsaren att hitta den sökta diagnosen. Under varje diagnosrubrik finns en kortfattad beskrivning av etiologi, patologi, klinik, behandling och prognos samt detaljerad beskrivning av de radiologiska fynden. Neuroradiologi är en lättläst lärobok i neuroradiologi. Just neuroradiologi utgör en mycket stor del av såväl den akuta som den planerade radiologiska verksamheten och är under snabb utveckling med kontinuerlig introduktion av nya metoder. Boken vänder sig i första hand till radiologer och neuroradiologer, inte minst de som är under utbildning. Flera andra kliniska specialister såsom neurologer, neurokirurger, ortopeder, öronläkare, allmänläkare kommer att ha gott stöd av boken. Övrig vårdpersonal kan ha stor nytta av boken som ett uppslagsverk.
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| 6. |
- Abul-Kasim, Kasim, et al.
(författare)
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Perfusion weighted MR imaging may differentiate primary CNS-lymphoma from other homogeneously enhancing brain tumors.
- 2008
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Ingår i: The Neuroradiology Journal. - 1971-4009. ; 21:5, s. 637-644
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL), glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) and metastases may be difficult to differentiate based on conventional imaging alone. The aim of this study was to investigate the value of perfusion weighted imaging (PWI) in differentiating homogeneously enhancing PCNSL from homogeneously enhancing GBM and metastases. Seven consecutive patients presenting with homogeneously enhancing intraaxial tumors on MRI were retrospectively analyzed. All seven patients (three immunocompetent patients with PCNSL, three with GBM, and one with cerebral metastases) were examined with identical MR-sequences including PWI. The relative regional Cerebral Blood Volume (rrCBV) and the rrCBV ratio (rrCBVratio) were calculated. In lymphomas rrCBVratio was 0.93 ± 0.42 (mean ± SD) compared with 7.93 ± 1.44 in GBM and metastases. All lymphomas had rrCBVratio < 1.43 while all GBM and metastases had rrCBVratio > 1.43 (Fischer exact test; p < 0.001). PWI may be a valuable method in differentiating homogenously enhancing PCNSL from GBM and metastases.
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| 7. |
- Abul-Kasim, Kasim, et al.
(författare)
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Radiation dose optimization in CT planning of corrective scoliosis surgery. A phantom study.
- 2008
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Ingår i: The Neuroradiology Journal. ; 21:3, s. 374-382
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of the study was to explore the possibility of obtaining a helical CT scan of a long segment of vertebral column, optimally reduce the radiation dose, compare the radiation dose of the low dose helical CT with that of some of the CT protocols used in clinical practice and finally assess the impact of such a dose reduction on the image quality. A chest phantom was examined with a 16-slice CT scanner. Six scans were performed with different radiation doses. The lowest radiation dose which had no impact on image quality with regard to the information required for surgical planning of patients with scoliosis, was 20 times lower than that of routinely used protocol for CT examination of the spine in children (0.38 mSv vs 7.76 mSv). Patients with scoliosis planned for corrective spinal surgery can be examined with low dose helical CT scan. The dose reduction systems (DRS) available in modern CT scanners contribute to dose reduction and should be used.
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| 8. |
- Abul-Kasim, Kasim, et al.
(författare)
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Radiological and clinical outcome of screw placement in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: evaluation with low-dose computed tomography.
- 2010
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Ingår i: European Spine Journal. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0940-6719 .- 1432-0932. ; 19:1, s. 96-104
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Posterior corrective surgery using "all pedicle screw construct" carries risk of neurovascular complications. The study aims were to assess the screw placement in patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis using CT with low-radiation dose, and to evaluate the clinical outcome in patients with misplaced pedicle screws. CTs of 49 consecutive patients (873 screws, 79% thoracic) were retrospectively evaluated by two independent radiologists. A new grading system was developed to distinguish between lateral, medial and anterior cortical perforations, endplate perforation and foraminal perforation. The grading system is based on whether the cortical violation is partial or total rather than on mm-basis. The overall rate of screw misplacement was 17% (n = 149): 8% were laterally placed and 6.1% were medially placed. The rates of anterior cortical, endplate and foraminal perforation were 1.5, 0.9, and 0.5%, respectively. Lateral cortical perforation was more frequent in the thoracic spine (P = 0.005), whereas other types of misplacement including medial cortical perforation were more frequent on the left and the concave side of scoliotic curves (P = 0.002 and 0.003). No neurovascular complications were reported. The association between the occurrence of screw misplacement and the Cobb angle was statistically significant (P = 0.037). Misplacements exceeding half screw diameter should be classified as unacceptable. Low-dose CT implies exposing these young individuals to a significantly lower radiation dose than do other protocols used in daily clinical practice. We recommend using low-dose CT and the grading system proposed here in the postoperative assessment of screw placement.
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| 9. |
- Abul-Kasim, Kasim, et al.
(författare)
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Reliability of Low-Radiation Dose CT in the Assessment of Screw Placement After Posterior Scoliosis Surgery, Evaluated With a New Grading System
- 2009
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Ingår i: Spine. - 0362-2436. ; 34:9, s. 941-948
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Study Design. A retrospective study. Objective. To evaluate the reliability of computed tomography (CT) with low radiation dose in the assessment of implant status in patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS). Summary of Background Data. The use of all-pedicle screw construct in scoliosis corrective surgery continues to gain increasing popularity since their introduction 1994 although their use in the thoracic spine carries a potential risk for neurovascular complications. CT is the method widely used to evaluate screw placement. Methods. Retrospective analysis of 46 consecutive low-dose spine CT in patients with AIS after posterior corrective surgery. Status of 809 titanium screws (642 thoracic) was evaluated. The degree of interobserver and intraobserver agreements about implant status was used as an indicator of the reliability of the low-dose spine CT in the assessment of accuracy of pedicle screw insertion. A new grading system has been developed for this purpose. Five types of misplacement have been evaluated: lateral, medial, and anterior cortical perforations; end-plate perforation; and foraminal perforation. Results. The analysis has shown a substantial interobserver and intraobserver agreements (kappa: 0.69 and 0.76, respectively) in differentiating pedicle screws with acceptable placement from screws with partial or total cortical perforation. None of the examinations was subjectively classified as unreliable. Conclusion. The study has shown that low-dose spine CT is a reliable method in evaluating screw placement in patients with AIS after posterior scoliosis surgery with titanium implants, using the here proposed grading system. The new grading system of screw misplacement was feasible and in line with the general agreement about the harmlessness of misplacement with minor pedicle breach. The reliability of low-dose spine CT in evaluation of lateral and medial cortical perforations was substantial. To reduce the radiation load, the postoperative assessment of titanium implants should be performed with low-dose CT.
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| 10. |
- Abul-Kasim, Kasim, et al.
(författare)
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The Neuroanatomic Localization of Epstein-Barr Virus Encephalitis May Be a Predictive Factor for Its Clinical Outcome: A Case Report and Review of 100 Cases in 28 Reports.
- 2009
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Ingår i: Journal of Child Neurology. - : SAGE Publications. - 1708-8283 .- 0883-0738. ; 24, s. 720-726
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Encephalitis is one of the manifestations of infection with Epstein-Barr virus with clinical outcome varying from complete recovery to death. A 16-year-old boy with Epstein-Barr virus encephalitis with global cortical and subcortical gray matter involvement and a full clinical recovery is reported. The case inspired a literature review which yielded 100 cases of Epstein-Barr virus encephalitis subjected to radiological investigation and published in 28 reports. Cerebellum and basal ganglia were reported to be equally involved by Epstein-Barr virus infection, next to cerebral hemisphere. Patients with isolated hemispheric gray or white matter involvement were reported to achieve good recovery while almost half of the patients with thalamic involvement developed sequelae. The highest mortality rate was among patients with isolated brain stem involvement. In conclusion, neuroanatomic distribution of the radiological abnormalities in Epstein-Barr virus encephalitis may be useful as a prognostic marker.
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