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- Smits, KM, et al.
(författare)
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Association of metabolic gene polymorphisms with tobacco consumption in healthy controls
- 2004
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Ingår i: International Journal of Cancer. - : Wiley. - 0020-7136 .- 1097-0215. ; 110:2, s. 266-270
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Polymorphisms in genes that encode for metabolic enzymes have been associated with variations in enzyme activity between individuals. Such variations could be associated with differences in individual exposure to carcinogens that are metabolized by these genes. In this study, we examine the association between polymorphisms in several metabolic genes and the consumption of tobacco in a large sample of healthy individuals. The database of the International Collaborative Study on Genetic Susceptibility to Environmental Carcinogens was used. All the individuals who were controls from the case-control studies included in the data set with information on smoking habits and on genetic polymorphisms were selected (n = 20,938). Sufficient information was available on the following genes that are involved in the metabolism of tobacco smoke constituents: CYPIAI, GSTMI, GSTTI, NAT2 and GSTPI. None of the tested genes was clearly associated with smoking behavior. Information on smoking dose, available for a subset of subjects, showed no effect of metabolic gene polymorphisms on the amount of smoking. No association between polymorphisms in the genes studied and tobacco consumption was observed; therefore, no effect of these genes on smoking behavior should be expected.
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- Fornes, R., et al.
(författare)
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Maternal testosterone and placental function: Effect of electroacupuncture on placental expression of angiogenic markers and fetal growth
- 2016
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Ingår i: Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0303-7207 .- 1872-8057. ; 433:C, s. 1-11
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) have elevated circulating androgens during pregnancy and are at an increased risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes. Here we tested the hypotheses that maternal androgen excess decrease placental and fetal growth, and placental expression of markers of steroidogenesis, angiogenesis and sympathetic activity, and that acupuncture with low-frequency electrical stimulation prevents these changes. Pregnant rats were exposed to vehicle or testosterone on gestational day (GD)15-19. Low-frequency electroacupuncture (EA) or handling, as a control for the EA procedure, was given to control or testosterone exposed dams on GD16-20. On GD21, blood pressure was measured and maternal blood, fetuses and placentas collected. Placental steroid receptor expression and proteins involved in angiogenic, neurotrophic and adrenergic signaling were analyzed. EA did not affect any variables in control rats except maternal serum corticosterone, which was reduced. EA in testosterone exposed dams compared with controls increased systolic pressure by 30%, decreased circulating norepinephrine and corticosterone, fetal and placental weight and placental VEGFR1 and proNGF protein expression, and increased the VEGFA/VEGFR1 ratio, mature NGF (mNGF) and the mNGF/proNGF ratio. In conclusion, low-frequency EA in control animals did not have any negative influence on any of the studied variables. In contrast, EA in pregnant dams exposed to testosterone increased blood pressure and impaired placental growth and function, leading to decreased fetal growth. (C) 2016 Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd.
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- Garte, S, et al.
(författare)
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Metabolic gene polymorphism frequencies in control populations
- 2001
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Ingår i: Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology. - 1055-9965. ; 10:12, s. 1239-1248
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 9. |
- Kallio, ER, et al.
(författare)
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Prolonged survival of Puumala hantavirus outside the host: evidence for indirect transmission via the environment
- 2006
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Ingår i: The Journal of general virology. - : Microbiology Society. - 0022-1317 .- 1465-2099. ; 87:Pt 8, s. 2127-2134
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The capability of rodent-borne viruses to survive outside the host is critical for the transmission dynamics within rodent populations and to humans. The transmission of Puumala virus (PUUV) in colonized bank voles (Clethrionomys glareolus) was investigated and additional longevity studies in cell culture with PUUV and Tula (TULV) hantaviruses were performed. Wild-type PUUV excreted by experimentally infected donor bank voles was shown to be transmitted indirectly between rodents through contaminated beddings, and maintained its infectivity to recipient voles at room temperature for 12–15 days. In cell culture supernatants, PUUV and TULV remained infectious for 5–11 days at room temperature and up to 18 days at 4 °C, but were inactivated after 24 h at 37 °C. Interestingly, a fraction of dried virus was still infectious after 1 h at 56 °C. These results demonstrated that hantavirus transmission does not require direct contact between rodents, or between rodents and humans, and that the indirect transmission of PUUV through contaminated environment takes place among the rodents for a prolonged period of time. The results also have implications for safety recommendations for work with hantaviruses and for preventive measures.
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- La Macchia, G., et al.
(författare)
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On the Analysis of the Cr-Cr Multiple Bond in Several Classes of Dichromium Compounds
- 2010
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Ingår i: Inorganic Chemistry. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0020-1669 .- 1520-510X. ; 49:11, s. 5216-5222
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Since the discovery of a formal quintuple bond in Ar’CrCrAr’ (CrCr = 1.835 angstrom) by Power and co-workers in 2005, many efforts have been dedicated to isolating dichromium species featuring quintuple-bond character. In the present study we investigate the electronic configuration of several, recently synthesized dichromium species with ligands using nitrogen to coordinate the metal centers. The bimetallic bond distances of Power’s compound and Cr-2-diazadiene (1) (CrCr = 1.803 angstrom) are compared to those found for Cr-2(mu-eta(2)-ArNC(R)NAr)(2) (2) (CrCr = 1.746 angstrom; R = H, Ar = 2,6-Et2C6H3), Cr-2(mu-eta(2)-(ArNC)-N-Xyl(H)NArXyl)(3) (3) (CrCr = 1.740(reduced)/1.817(neutral) angstrom; Ar-Xyl=2,6-C6H3-(CH3)(2)), Cr-2(mu-eta(2)-TippPyNMes)(2) (4) (CrCr = 1.749 angstrom; TippPyNMes = 6-(2,4,6-triisopropylphenyl)pyridin-2-yl (2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)-amide), and Cr-2(mu-eta(2)-DippNC(NMe2)N-Dipp)(2) (5) (CrCr = 1.729 angstrom, Dipp = 2,6-i-Pr2C6H3). We show that the correlation between the CrCr bond length and the effective bond order (EBO) is strongly affected by the nature of the ligand, as well as by the steric hindrance due to the ligand structure (e.g., the nature of the coordinating nitrogen). A linear correlation between the EBO and CrCr bond distance is established within the same group of ligands. As a result, the CrCr species based on the amidinate, aminopyridinate, and guanidinate ligands have bond patterns similar to the Ar’CrCrAr’ compound. Unlike these latter species, the dichromium diazadiene complex is characterized by a different bonding pattern involving Cr-N pi interactions, resulting in a lower bond order associated with the short metal-metal bond distance. In this case the short CrCr distance is most probably the result of the constraints imposed by the diazadiene ligand, implying a Cr2N4 core with a closer CrCr interaction.
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