| 1. |
- Aamodt, K., et al.
(författare)
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The ALICE experiment at the CERN LHC
- 2008
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Ingår i: Journal of Instrumentation. - 1748-0221. ; 3:S08002
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- ALICE (A Large Ion Collider Experiment) is a general-purpose, heavy-ion detector at the CERN LHC which focuses on QCD, the strong-interaction sector of the Standard Model. It is designed to address the physics of strongly interacting matter and the quark-gluon plasma at extreme values of energy density and temperature in nucleus-nucleus collisions. Besides running with Pb ions, the physics programme includes collisions with lighter ions, lower energy running and dedicated proton-nucleus runs. ALICE will also take data with proton beams at the top LHC energy to collect reference data for the heavy-ion programme and to address several QCD topics for which ALICE is complementary to the other LHC detectors. The ALICE detector has been built by a collaboration including currently over 1000 physicists and engineers from 105 Institutes in 30 countries, Its overall dimensions are 16 x 16 x 26 m(3) with a total weight of approximately 10 000 t. The experiment consists of 18 different detector systems each with its own specific technology choice and design constraints, driven both by the physics requirements and the experimental conditions expected at LHC. The most stringent design constraint is to cope with the extreme particle multiplicity anticipated in central Pb-Pb collisions. The different subsystems were optimized to provide high-momentum resolution as well as excellent Particle Identification (PID) over a broad range in momentum, up to the highest multiplicities predicted for LHC. This will allow for comprehensive studies of hadrons, electrons, muons, and photons produced in the collision of heavy nuclei. Most detector systems are scheduled to be installed and ready for data taking by mid-2008 when the LHC is scheduled to start operation, with the exception of parts of the Photon Spectrometer (PHOS), Transition Radiation Detector (TRD) and Electro Magnetic Calorimeter (EMCal). These detectors will be completed for the high-luminosity ion run expected in 2010. This paper describes in detail the detector components as installed for the first data taking in the summer of 2008.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
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Business and Human Rights: A Compilation of Documents
- 2004
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Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This unique collection gathers together important instruments dealing with the relationship between business and a range of topics such as labour rights, security issues, environmental protection, anti-corruption, good governance, poverty alleviation and development, which all have important human rights dimensions. The premise for the collection is that business has both the responsibility and the opportunity to respect and support human rights. Selected instruments cover various stages of business involvement with human rights issues, spanning codes of conduct, monitoring, reporting, certification, lables and partnerships for development. Initiatives of institutional investors, social index providers, insurers, and banks are also covered. Websites for each instrument and its issuer are provided in order to facilitate updates and further inquiry into the issuer’s activities. The introduction seeks to offer a perspective for examining voluntary initiatives and corporate social responsibility, one of today’s most controversial human rights topics.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Mares, Radu
(författare)
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A gap in the corporate responsibility to respect human rights
- 2010
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Ingår i: Monash University Law Review. ; 36:3, s. 33-83
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Human Rights Council received well the ‘protect, respect, remedy’ framework that the SRSG for business and human rights, John Ruggie, presented in 2008 and his mandate was renewed for another 3 years. The corporate responsibility to respect human rights is defined narrowly for abuses linked to business activities only. In the same time, the SRSG remarks that conduct in the form of both acts and omissions can fail the responsibility to respect. This article analyses how the SRSG has dealt with a special type of culpable business conduct (omissions as opposed to commissions) of a special business actor (the controlling entity within a business group as opposed to mere affiliates or independent businesses). On what legitimate grounds should the omissions of parent companies be deemed blameworthy and to what extent are issues that the SRSG has not properly differentiated from other cases of business misconduct. The SRSG relies on the concept of “complicity”, which he employs to explain cases of corporate involvement in third parties’ misconduct and took note of jurisprudence, but the incorporation of those insights is partial and the conceptualization is half-baked. An assessment of SRSG’s reports reveals that they lack a proper scheme of attribution to deal with situations where harm caused by third parties gets attributed to the inactive parent company. The result is a hole at the heart of the responsibility to respect. This article explains the problem and considers ways forward to strengthening the foundation of the responsibility to respect in order to go forward in clarifying its scope.
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| 6. |
- Mares, Radu
(författare)
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A Rejoinder to G. Skinner's Rethinking Limited Liability of Parent Corporations for Foreign Subsidiaries' Violations of International Human Rights Law
- 2016
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Ingår i: Washington and Lee Law Review Online. - 0043-0463. ; 73:1, s. 117-158
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Table of Contents I. Skinner’s Arguments and Their Merits 117 II. The First Baseline: The Legalistic Approach Behind the UN Draft Norms 122 III. The Second Baseline: The Polycentric Approach Behind the UN Guiding Principles 128 IV. The Third Baseline: The Two-Track, Multi-Channel Legalization Perspective 136 A. The Context of the Third Legalization Baseline 137 B. A BHR Legalization Perspective to Match the Context 147 C. Towards Genuine Complementarity with the UNGPs 152 V. Conclusions 157
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Mares, Radu
(författare)
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A two-track, multi-channel regulatory model
- 2017
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The story of human rights corporate accountability is not a story of a move towards stringent international and transnational regulations. One discussion nowadays is whether the UN Guiding Principles on business and human rights (UNGPs) should be hardened into law. Regulations on human rights due diligence (HRDD) would increase access to remedies forvictims, hold lead firms legally liable for their involvement in harm, and incentivize responsible business onduct. The UN has taken up the hard law question in 2014 and is pondering now the options for a treaty on corporate accountability. This brief is about sing legal coercion directed at the top of global value chains (GVCs) as a way forward. It addresses two questions: when and why should coercive regulations be promoted or not? How can the business and human rights governance regime become stronger even in the absence of such regulations aimed at lead firms in GVCs? The brief puts forward a regulatory framework and narrative to valorize less coercive legal strategies and non-legal strategies through ‘regulatory mixes’. Less coercive instruments could betransparency laws, public procurement regulations, soft law instruments, and various policies inside and outside GVCs to enable responsible business conduct.
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| 9. |
- Mares, Radu
(författare)
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Business and Human Rights After Ruggie: Foundations, the Art of Simplification and the Imperative of Cumulative Progress
- 2012
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Ingår i: The UN Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights – Foundations and Implementation. - 9789004210516 - 9789004225794 ; 39, s. 1-50
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Prof. Ruggie’s work, with the ‘Protect, Respect and Remedy’ Framework (2008) and Guiding Principles (2011) as its peak, is multilayered and comprehensive. Instead of a dry, tedious description this introductory chapter will give the floor often to the SRSG: readers will find numerous quotations and references that will allow him or her to follow Ruggie’s reasoning. Ruggie should be commended for the way he explained many of his choices through accessibly-written reports, working papers, academic journal articles, speeches, interviews and private exchanges with countless individuals. Many of these documents will be referenced herein. Annex 1 to this introduction lists all the SRSG reports for easy reference. The intention here is to provide some context to the arguments contributors to this volume make and emphasise some issues of special relevance to those interested in a regulatory and governance perspective on CSR.
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| 10. |
- Mares, Radu, et al.
(författare)
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Business and Human Rights in Cambodia 2021 : A compendium of instruments and materials, volumes I-III
- 2021
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Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The compendium is an aid for lecturers to prepare classes and seminars on business and human rights in Cambodia. Teachers from several academic disciplines – law, management, political science, social science, and media – will find carefully selected materials and numerous aspects on which to build a rewarding classroom experience. The compendium has three parts. Part I covers the policy frameworks for ‘human rights and business’. Part II is a deep dive into the systems companies set up to ensure responsible business conduct. Part III further contextualizes what the corporate responsibility entails regarding specific human rights.
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