| 1. |
- Lager, Malin, et al.
(författare)
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Molecular detection of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato - An analytical comparison of real-time PCR protocols from five different Scandinavian laboratories
- 2017
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Ingår i: PLOS ONE. - : PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE. - 1932-6203. ; 12:9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction Lyme borreliosis (LB) is the most common tick transmitted disease in Europe. The diagnosis of LB today is based on the patient A s medical history, clinical presentation and laboratory findings. The laboratory diagnostics are mainly based on antibody detection, but in certain conditions molecular detection by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) may serve as a complement. Aim The purpose of this study was to evaluate the analytical sensitivity, analytical specificity and concordance of eight different real-time PCR methods at five laboratories in Sweden, Norway and Denmark. Method Each participating laboratory was asked to analyse three different sets of samples (reference panels; all blinded) i) cDNA extracted and transcribed from water spiked with cultured Borrelia strains, ii) cerebrospinal fluid spiked with cultured Borrelia strains, and iii) DNA dilution series extracted from cultured Borrelia and relapsing fever strains. The results and the method descriptions of each laboratory were systematically evaluated. Results and conclusions The analytical sensitivities and the concordance between the eight protocols were in general high. The concordance was especially high between the protocols using 16S rRNA as the target gene, however, this concordance was mainly related to cDNA as the type of template. When comparing cDNA and DNA as the type of template the analytical sensitivity was in general higher for the protocols using DNA as template regardless of the use of target gene. The analytical specificity for all eight protocols was high. However, some protocols were not able to detect Borrelia spielmanii, Borrelia lusitaniae or Borrelia japonica.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Margos, Gabriele, et al.
(författare)
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Borrelia Ecology, Evolution, and Human Disease : A Mosaic of Life
- 2023. - 2
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Ingår i: Zoonoses. - Cham : Springer International Publishing. - 9783030858773 - 9783030858773 ; , s. 1087-1151
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Lyme borreliosis (LB) and relapsing fever (RF) are zoonotic diseases that are caused by spirochetal bacteria belonging to the genus Borrelia. The agents are generally maintained in natural transmission cycles by vector ticks (exception: body louse) and reservoir hosts. Lyme borreliosis (synonym in North America: Lyme disease, LD) is the most frequently reported tick-borne disease in Europe and North America. It mainly affects skin, large joints, nervous system or heart and is considered a multi-system disorder. Relapsing fever manifests as recurrent febrile attacks accompanied by headaches, muscle and joint aches, interrupted by afebrile intervals. It mainly occurs in tropical and subtropical regions including North and South America, Africa, Asia, and South European countries. In this chapter we describe the genus Borrelia, the huge diversity that has become apparent in recent years, the geographical distribution of its species, and the complex genome that is reflected in the complex ecology and disease symptoms. We also give information on diagnostics and its challenges, therapy, and prophylactic measures.
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| 4. |
- Margos, Gabriele, et al.
(författare)
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Evidence of taxonomic bias in public databases: The example of the genus Borrelia
- 2022
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Ingår i: Ticks and Tick-borne Diseases. - : ELSEVIER GMBH. - 1877-959X .- 1877-9603. ; 13:5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The taxon names used in public databases are of critical importance in all areas of biology because they are needed for linking organisms to sequence data and other information. Since most users of taxonomic classifications may be unprepared for dealing with synonyms, the names that are preferred in such databases are of high impact. Using the genus Borrelia as an example, we here show how simplistic approaches for determining the preferred synonym may lead to biases regarding the preferences for taxonomic opinions. We highlight that in this and other cases where genera were split, for reverting to the previous "merged" genus it is neither possible nor necessary to generate validly published and legitimate names that are newer than those that were proposed as new combinations when the genus was split. The policy to always prefer the latest validly published name in a public database may thus render this database oblivious to reversals in taxonomic opinion. We emphasize that users of public databases should be aware of such potential shortcomings, and that curators of databases which provide nomenclatural information should be open-minded about taxonomic views expressed in the literature.
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| 5. |
- Margos, Gabriele, et al.
(författare)
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Rejection of the name Borreliella and all proposed species comb. nov. placed therein
- 2020
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Ingår i: International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. - : MICROBIOLOGY SOC. - 1466-5026 .- 1466-5034. ; 70:5, s. 3577-3581
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Rejection (nomen rejiciendum) of the name Borreliella and all new combinations therein is being requested on grounds of risk to human health and patient safety (Principle 1, subprinciple 2 and Rule 56a) and violation to aim for stability of names, to avoid useless creation of names (Principle 1, subprinciple 1 and 3) and that names should not be changed without sufficient reason (Principle 9 of the International Code of Nomenclature of Prokaryotes).
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| 6. |
- Norte, Ana Cláudia, et al.
(författare)
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Host dispersal shapes the population structure of a tick-borne bacterial pathogen
- 2020
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Ingår i: Molecular Ecology. - : Wiley. - 0962-1083 .- 1365-294X. ; 29:3, s. 485-501
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Birds are hosts for several zoonotic pathogens. Because of their high mobility, especially of longdistance migrants, birds can disperse these pathogens, affecting their distribution and phylogeography. We focused on Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato, which includes the causative agents of Lyme borreliosis, as an example for tick-borne pathogens, to address the role of birds as propagation hosts of zoonotic agents at a large geographical scale. We collected ticks from passerine birds in 11 European countries. B. burgdorferi s.l. prevalence in Ixodes spp. was 37% and increased with latitude. The fieldfare Turdus pilaris and the blackbird T. merula carried ticks with the highest Borrelia prevalence (92 and 58%, respectively), whereas robin Erithacus rubecula ticks were the least infected (3.8%). Borrelia garinii was the most prevalent genospecies (61%), followed by B. valaisiana (24%), B. afzelii (9%), B. turdi (5%) and B. lusitaniae (0.5%). A novel Borrelia genospecies “Candidatus Borrelia aligera” was also detected. Multilocus sequence typing (MLST) analysis of B. garinii isolates together with the global collection of B. garinii genotypes obtained from the Borrelia MLST public database revealed that: (a) there was little overlap among genotypes from different continents, (b) there was no geographical structuring within Europe, and (c) there was no evident association pattern detectable among B. garinii genotypes from ticks feeding on birds, questing ticks or human isolates. These findings strengthen the hypothesis that the population structure and evolutionary biology of tick-borne pathogens are shaped by their host associations and the movement patterns of these hosts.
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