| 1. |
- Fernandez, J. L. Abelleira, et al.
(author)
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A Large Hadron Electron Collider at CERN
- 2012
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In: Journal of Physics G. - : IOP Publishing. - 0954-3899 .- 1361-6471. ; 39:7
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)
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| 2. |
- Akiba, K., et al.
(author)
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LHC forward physics
- 2016
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In: Journal of Physics G: Nuclear and Particle Physics. - : IOP Publishing. - 0954-3899 .- 1361-6471. ; 43:11
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)
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| 3. |
- Chatzikonstantinou, T, et al.
(author)
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COVID-19 severity and mortality in patients with CLL: an update of the international ERIC and Campus CLL study
- 2021
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In: Leukemia. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1476-5551 .- 0887-6924. ; 35:12, s. 3444-3454
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) may be more susceptible to Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) due to age, disease, and treatment-related immunosuppression. We aimed to assess risk factors of outcome and elucidate the impact of CLL-directed treatments on the course of COVID-19. We conducted a retrospective, international study, collectively including 941 patients with CLL and confirmed COVID-19. Data from the beginning of the pandemic until March 16, 2021, were collected from 91 centers. The risk factors of case fatality rate (CFR), disease severity, and overall survival (OS) were investigated. OS analysis was restricted to patients with severe COVID-19 (definition: hospitalization with need of oxygen or admission into an intensive care unit). CFR in patients with severe COVID-19 was 38.4%. OS was inferior for patients in all treatment categories compared to untreated (p < 0.001). Untreated patients had a lower risk of death (HR = 0.54, 95% CI:0.41–0.72). The risk of death was higher for older patients and those suffering from cardiac failure (HR = 1.03, 95% CI:1.02–1.04; HR = 1.79, 95% CI:1.04–3.07, respectively). Age, CLL-directed treatment, and cardiac failure were significant risk factors of OS. Untreated patients had a better chance of survival than those on treatment or recently treated.
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| 4. |
- Teixeira, J., et al.
(author)
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Tropical and Subtropical Cloud Transitions in Weather and Climate Prediction Models : The GCSS/WGNE Pacific Cross-Section Intercomparison (GPCI)
- 2011
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In: Journal of Climate. - 0894-8755 .- 1520-0442. ; 24:20, s. 5223-5256
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A model evaluation approach is proposed in which weather and climate prediction models are analyzed along a Pacific Ocean cross section, from the stratocumulus regions off the coast of California, across the shallow convection dominated trade winds, to the deep convection regions of the ITCZ-the Global Energy and Water Cycle Experiment Cloud System Study/Working Group on Numerical Experimentation (GCSS/WGNE) Pacific Cross-Section Intercomparison (GPCI). The main goal of GPCI is to evaluate and help understand and improve the representation of tropical and subtropical cloud processes in weather and climate prediction models. In this paper, a detailed analysis of cloud regime transitions along the cross section from the subtropics to the tropics for the season June-July-August of 1998 is presented. This GPCI study confirms many of the typical weather and climate prediction model problems in the representation of clouds: underestimation of clouds in the stratocumulus regime by most models with the corresponding consequences in terms of shortwave radiation biases; overestimation of clouds by the 40-yr ECMWF Re-Analysis (ERA-40) in the deep tropics (in particular) with the corresponding impact in the outgoing longwave radiation; large spread between the different models in terms of cloud cover, liquid water path and shortwave radiation; significant differences between the models in terms of vertical cross sections of cloud properties (in particular), vertical velocity, and relative humidity. An alternative analysis of cloud cover mean statistics is proposed where sharp gradients in cloud cover along the GPCI transect are taken into account. This analysis shows that the negative cloud bias of some models and ERA-40 in the stratocumulus regions [as compared to the first International Satellite Cloud Climatology Project (ISCCP)] is associated not only with lower values of cloud cover in these regimes, but also with a stratocumulus-to-cumulus transition that occurs too early along the trade wind Lagrangian trajectory. Histograms of cloud cover along the cross section differ significantly between models. Some models exhibit a quasi-bimodal structure with cloud cover being either very large (close to 100%) or very small, while other models show a more continuous transition. The ISCCP observations suggest that reality is in-between these two extreme examples. These different patterns reflect the diverse nature of the cloud, boundary layer, and convection parameterizations in the participating weather and climate prediction models.
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| 5. |
- Rocha, H., et al.
(author)
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SooGREEN : Service-oriented optimization of green mobile networks
- 2017
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In: 2017 15th International Symposium on Modeling and Optimization in Mobile, Ad Hoc, and Wireless Networks, WiOpt 2017. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). - 9783901882906
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Today, mobile networks are witnessing an exponential growth of traffic volumes, linked to new services, especially for smart cities and smart-grid. The European Celtic-Plus SooGREEN project, started mid 2015, is targeting to reduce the energy consumption of the services in different mobile architectures in interaction with smart-grid. So GREEN is focused on the services energy consumption modelling and measurement, the dynamic optimization of the mobile access network and of the content delivery, the design of an Energy Efficient Virtualized and Centralized Radio Access Network (RAN), and the bi-directional interaction of the mobile network with the smart-grid. This paper presents insight into the project after its first year, and discusses research trends in green communication networks for the future.
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| 8. |
- Fernández-Gómez, Beatriz, et al.
(author)
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Bacterial community structure in a sympagic habitat expanding with global warming : brackish ice brine at 85-90 degrees N
- 2019
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In: The ISME Journal. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1751-7362 .- 1751-7370. ; 13:2, s. 316-333
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Larger volumes of sea ice have been thawing in the Central Arctic Ocean (CAO) during the last decades than during the past 800,000 years. Brackish brine (fed by meltwater inside the ice) is an expanding sympagic habitat in summer all over the CAO. We report for the first time the structure of bacterial communities in this brine. They are composed of psychrophilic extremophiles, many of them related to phylotypes known from Arctic and Antarctic regions. Community structure displayed strong habitat segregation between brackish ice brine (IB; salinity 2.4-9.6) and immediate sub-ice seawater (SW; salinity 33.3-34.9), expressed at all taxonomic levels (class to genus), by dominant phylotypes as well as by the rare biosphere, and with specialists dominating IB and generalists SW. The dominant phylotypes in IB were related to Candidatus Aquiluna and Flavobacterium, those in SW to Balneatrix and ZD0405, and those shared between the habitats to Halomonas, Polaribacter and Shewanella. A meta-analysis for the oligotrophic CAO showed a pattern with Flavobacteriia dominating in melt ponds, Flavobacteriia and Gammaproteobacteria in solid ice cores, Flavobacteriia, Gamma- and Betaproteobacteria, and Actinobacteria in brine, and Alphaproteobacteria in SW. Based on our results, we expect that the roles of Actinobacteria and Betaproteobacteria in the CAO will increase with global warming owing to the increased production of meltwater in summer. IB contained three times more phylotypes than SW and may act as an insurance reservoir for bacterial diversity that can act as a recruitment base when environmental conditions change.
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| 9. |
- Belda, E., et al.
(author)
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Impairment of gut microbial biotin metabolism and host biotin status in severe obesity: effect of biotin and prebiotic supplementation on improved metabolism
- 2022
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In: Gut. - : BMJ. - 0017-5749 .- 1468-3288. ; 71:12
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Objectives Gut microbiota is a key component in obesity and type 2 diabetes, yet mechanisms and metabolites central to this interaction remain unclear. We examined the human gut microbiome's functional composition in healthy metabolic state and the most severe states of obesity and type 2 diabetes within the MetaCardis cohort. We focused on the role of B vitamins and B7/B8 biotin for regulation of host metabolic state, as these vitamins influence both microbial function and host metabolism and inflammation. Design We performed metagenomic analyses in 1545 subjects from the MetaCardis cohorts and different murine experiments, including germ-free and antibiotic treated animals, faecal microbiota transfer, bariatric surgery and supplementation with biotin and prebiotics in mice. Results Severe obesity is associated with an absolute deficiency in bacterial biotin producers and transporters, whose abundances correlate with host metabolic and inflammatory phenotypes. We found suboptimal circulating biotin levels in severe obesity and altered expression of biotin-associated genes in human adipose tissue. In mice, the absence or depletion of gut microbiota by antibiotics confirmed the microbial contribution to host biotin levels. Bariatric surgery, which improves metabolism and inflammation, associates with increased bacterial biotin producers and improved host systemic biotin in humans and mice. Finally, supplementing high-fat diet-fed mice with fructo-oligosaccharides and biotin improves not only the microbiome diversity, but also the potential of bacterial production of biotin and B vitamins, while limiting weight gain and glycaemic deterioration. Conclusion Strategies combining biotin and prebiotic supplementation could help prevent the deterioration of metabolic states in severe obesity.
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| 10. |
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Cambio global, una mirada desde Iberoamérica
- 2018
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Editorial collection (pop. science, debate, etc.)abstract
- Han transcurrido ya 10 años desde la fundación del proyecto “Laboratorio Internacional en Cambio Globlal” (LINCGlobal), una iniciativa pionera de integración y colaboración científica de largo plazo en ciencias de cambio global entre investigadores de la Península Ibérica y Latinoamérica.El LINCGlobal, inicialmente impulsado y financiado por el Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), España y por la Universidad Católica de Chile, con una incorporación más reciente de la Universidad Federal de Rio de Janeiro, Brasil, actualmente reúne a más de una treintena de investigadores de muy alto nivel científico en temas de cambio global.Los fundadores tuvimos en mente la visión de establecer grupos iberoamericanos multidisciplinares y líneas conjuntas de investigación conducentes a la realización y publicación de investigaciones en temas de cambios globales relevantes en diversos ámbitos de los ecosistemas marinos y terrestres; usando para ello aproximaciones tanto experimentales, correlacionales como de modelización y de macroecología.No menor fue la visión relacionada con impulsar y fortalecer el intercambio iberoamericano en la formación conjunta de investigadores jóvenes a nivel de doctorado y postdoctorado, la generación de nuevas fórmulas de gobernanza y sobretodo la necesaria y urgente diseminación a la sociedad de la información generada, con un nivel de comprensión adecuado. En esta década los objetivos generales de la visón y los más específicos de los distinto grupos se han cumplido más que a cabalidad y así lo demuestran los cientos de publicaciones realizadas por los investigadores del Laboratorio y las Memorias del proyecto.Hoy, al finalizar la primera década de nuestra aventura iberoamericana en cambio global, como uno de los Directores fundadores del LINCGlobal, me es muy grato realizar el Prólogo del libro “Cambio Global una mirada desde Iberoamérica”. El condensa muchos de los avances en investigación realizados en la década no solo por los investigadores de plantilla del proyecto, sino que además por numerosos alumnos de doctorado, postdoctorado y colaboradores. El libro, editado por los Profesores Pablo Marquet, Fernando Valladares, Sandra Magro, Aurora Gaxiola y Alex Enrich-Prast contiene 14 capítulos en que están involucrados 50 autores iberoamericanos ligados al LINCGlobal. Los diferentes capítulos presentan una amplia cobertura de las líneas de investigación abordadas por los miembros del Laboratorio Internacional, desde contextualización de cambios globales en el pasado, la población humana, uso de los recursos y redes comerciales, hasta el papel regulador de los océanos en el sistema terrestre, la radiación ultravioleta y las pesquerías marinas. Los cambios globales en relación con los ciclos biogeoquímicos, la disponibilidad de agua, la biodiversidad y los impactos sobre las redes de interacción ecológica y la distribución de las especies son abordados y discutidos en profundidad. Finalmente se muestra un caso de estudio para los cambios globales en un lago de Chile central durante el último milenio. El esfuerzo de síntesis de los autores es loable, del mismo modo que la inclusión de infografías que permiten aprehender con facilidad los tipos de cambios globales y sus consecuencias en los ecosistemas terrestres y oceánicos.Solo al considerar los contenidos de este libro visualizo para los integrantes del LINCGlobal al menos dos desafíos. Primero ser consecuente con la visión iberoamericana del Laboratorio y traducir el libro al portugués, para así hacer más accesible la información a estudiantes y público en general de habla portuguesa. Segundo, y mucho más desafiante, bajar y socializar la información científica contenida en él a niveles de público general y en especial para estudiantes de educación primaria y secundaria en Latinoamérica. Ello requiere, ciertamente, un esfuerzo extra significativo. Sin embargo, por ejemplo, el trabajo ya realizado en el libro con las infografías y el uso de excelentes fotografías facilitará ese camino. En ello el uso de las redes sociales no debería descartarse.A mis amigos del Laboratorio Internacional y a los lectores y usuarios del libro: bienvenidos a la era de la ciencia post-normal, donde tanto la construcción del conocimiento y su publicación, como su diseminación y democratización hacia la sociedad, en forma simple y didáctica, representa un desafío mayor.Santiago de Chile, septiembre 2018Juan Carlos CastillaPontificia Universidad Católica de Chile
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