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- Bálint, András, 1982, et al.
(författare)
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Correlation between truck combination length and injury risk
- 2013
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Ingår i: 2013 Australasian College of Road Safety Conference – “A Safe System: The Road Safety Discussion” Adelaide.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Literature studies show that it is a very complex task to estimate how traffic safety is affectedby the introduction of longer truck combinations. Some studies indicate a slightly increased risk of crashes per vehicle kilometre and that the change in risk depends on the vehiclecombination. Other studies show that the difference in crash risk in comparison to conventional heavy goods vehicles is small, at least for trucks travelling on larger roads. In the current study, the effect of increased vehicle combination length on the rates of fatal orsevere injury crashes by vehicle kilometres travelled is investigated. The method uses Swedish national crash data from the period 2003 to 2012. Unlike most other countries in the European Union where an upper limit of 18.75 metres is in force, vehicle combinations up to 25.25m are permitted in Sweden. The aim is therefore to determine whether “long” truck combinations (with a combination length of 18.76 – 25.25m) have a higher associated rate ofsevere or fatal crashes by vehicle kilometres travelled than “medium” (12.01 – 18.75m) or “short” combinations (less than 12m). Different approaches for comparing the number of fatal or severe crashes in the three lengthgroups with the kilometres driven are discussed. The crash type distributions in the three length groups are compared and it is considered to what extent the observed differences can be explained by differencesin the exposure data.
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- Fagerlind, Helen, 1975, et al.
(författare)
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INTACT - National Initiative for Enhanced Crash Investigations
- 2010
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Ingår i: 4:th International Conference ESAR - Expert Symposium on Accident Research, Hannover, Germany.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- A national initiative from the vehicle manufacturers, safety system suppliers, the road administration and universities in Sweden took off in 2007. The aim was to develop a national investigation network and a methodology focusing on all phases of a crash (pre-crash, in-crash and post-crash) as well as all parts of the road transport system (road user, vehicle and road environment). The initiative is formally run as a project with the acronym INTACT (Investigation Network and Accident Collection Techniques). It was a three year pilot with the aim to develop methodologies for an extended national crash investigation activity. During the first year the INTACT partners agreed on the aim for the investigation and methods for retrieving the data were developed. During the second and third year the methodology was tested in real-world investigations and further refinement was made. The paper describes the methodology developed to obtain high qualitative in-depth road crash data.
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- Törnvall, Fredrik, 1975, et al.
(författare)
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Comparison of Shoulder Range-of-Motion and Stiffness between Volunteers, Hybrid III and THOR Alpha in Static Frontal Impact Loading
- 2005
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Ingår i: International Journal of Crashworthiness. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1358-8265 .- 1754-2111. ; 10:2, s. 151-160
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to compare the shoulder range-of-motion and stiffness between volunteers and 50th percentile dummies in static loading conditions simulating frontal collisions. Five volunteers a Hybrid III and a THOR Alpha were positioned in a test rig where both arms were statically loaded in the forward-upward direction at 90°, 135° and 170° angles while the sternum was supported. The distances between right shoulders and sternums were estimated by means of photo analysis. The photo analysis showed that the volunteers’ range-of-motion was at least three times larger for the maximum load (200 N/arm) than those of the Hybrid III and the THOR Alpha. The results indicate that the biofidelity of the dummies used today in full-frontal, oblique and offset frontal collisions may be improved by redesigned shoulder complexes. The dummies would then better predict the human kinematics and the loading of the chest by various restraint systems.
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