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- Mikkelsen, T N, et al.
(författare)
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Experimental design of multifactor climate change experiments with elevated CO2, warming and drought: the CLIMAITE project
- 2008
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Ingår i: Functional Ecology. - : Wiley. - 1365-2435 .- 0269-8463. ; 22:1, s. 185-195
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Recent findings indicate that the interactions among CO2, temperature and water can be substantial, and that the combined effects on the biological systems of several factors may not be predicted from experiments with one or a few factors. Therefore realistic multifactorial experiments involving a larger set of main factors are needed. We describe a new Danish climate change-related field scale experiment, CLIMAITE, in a heath/grassland ecosystem. CLIMAITE is a full factorial combination of elevated CO2, elevated temperature and prolonged summer drought. The manipulations are intended to mimic anticipated major environmental changes at the site by year 2075 as closely as possible. The impacts on ecosystem processes and functioning (at ecophysiological levels, through responses by individuals and communities to ecosystem-level responses) are investigated simultaneously. The increase of [CO2] closely corresponds with the scenarios for year 2075, while the warming treatment is at the lower end of the predictions and seems to be the most difficult treatment to increase without unwanted side effects on the other variables. The drought treatment follows predictions of increased frequency of drought periods in summer. The combination of the treatments does not create new unwanted side effects on the treatments relative to the treatments alone.
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- Waldenström, A, et al.
(författare)
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Accumulation of hyaluronan and tissue edema in experimental myocardial infarction.
- 1991
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Investigation. - 0021-9738 .- 1558-8238. ; 88:5, s. 1622-8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Experimental myocardial infarction was induced in rats. The myocardial accumulation of hyaluronan (HA) and water during the development of infarction was measured. The extractable HA content of the infarcted area increased progressively from day 1 and on day 3 reached a threefold increase compared with the HA amounts in myocardium of sham operated controls. The relative water content of infarcted areas also increased progressively reaching a maximum value by day 3 and was strongly correlated with the HA accumulation. Affinity histochemistry visualized a thin rim of HA in the endoperimysium in healthy myocardium. By day 2 an interstitial edema with inflammatory cells was apparent. The widened endoperimysium stained extensively for HA. By its water-binding ability, interstitial accumulation of HA will contribute to the interstitial edema in infarcted myocardial tissue. An interstitial edema is likely to influence the electromechanical characteristics of the myocardium and facilitate reentry phenomena due to a loss of contact between muscle cells. The edema also induces an increased extracellular pressure and an altered myocardial wall compliance that might impair myocardial microcirculation. The findings are relevant to an understanding of the beneficial effect of hyaluronidase treatment in limiting cellular damage during myocardial ischemia.
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