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- Gehle, Luisa, et al.
(författare)
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Misinformation Detection in the Context of the Russian Invasion of Ukraine: Evidence From Original Survey Data Collected in 19 Democracies
- 2024
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Ingår i: International Journal of Public Opinion Research. - 0954-2892 .- 1471-6909. ; 36:3, s. 1-12
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- It can be difficult for citizens to discern factually accurate information from mis- and disinformation. Particularly in the context of the Russian invasion of Ukraine, the omnipresence of counterfactual narratives, propaganda, and partisan content may increase the likelihood that citizensselect and accept mis -or disinformation. To assess citizens’ performance in discerning false statements from factually accurate information on the war, we utilized original survey data across 19 countries (N = 19,037) with soft quotas for age, education, and gender to approximate population characteristics. Our main findings indicate that people perform relatively well in discerning factually accurate information from false statements and that self-perceived media literacy and the need for cognition corresponds with better performance. Stronger pro-Russia views on the war correspond with a lower performance in misinformation detection, whereas anti-Russia attitudes are associated with better evaluations of the statements’ truthfulness. We find little cross-country variation in these patterns. As a key implication, we show that discernment between factually accurate information and mis- or disinformation is driven by both accuracy and partisan motivation and that these effects are similar across most different national contexts.
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| 2. |
- Hameleers, Michael, et al.
(författare)
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Mistakenly misinformed or intentionally deceived? Mis- and Disinformation perceptions on the Russian War in Ukraine among citizens in 19 countries
- 2023
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Ingår i: European Journal of Political Research. - 0304-4130.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In information environments characterized by institutional distrust, fragmentation and the widespread dissemination of conspiracies and disinformation, citizens perceive misinformation as a salient and threatening issue. Especially amidst disruptive events and crises, news users are likely to believe that information is inaccurate or deceptive. Using an original 19-country comparative survey study across diverse regions in the world (N = 19,037), we find that news users are likely to regard information on the Russian war in Ukraine as false. They are more likely to attribute false information to deliberative deception than to a lack of access to the war area or inaccurate expert knowledge. Russian sources are substantially more likely to be blamed for falsehoods than Ukrainian or Western sources – but these attribution biases depend on a country’s position on the war. Our findings reveal that people mostly believe that falsehoods are intended to deceive them, and selectively associate misinformation with the opposed camp.
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| 5. |
- Neeraj, Kumar, 1991-, et al.
(författare)
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Terahertz charge and spin transport in metallic ferromagnets : The role of crystalline and magnetic order
- 2022
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Ingår i: Applied Physics Letters. - : AIP Publishing. - 0003-6951 .- 1077-3118. ; 120:10
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We study the charge and spin dependent scattering in a set of CoFeB thin films whose crystalline order is systematically enhanced and controlled by annealing at increasingly higher temperatures. Terahertz conductivity measurements reveal that charge transport closely follows the development of the crystalline phase, with the increasing structural order leading to higher conductivity. The terahertz-induced ultrafast demagnetization, driven by spin-flip scattering mediated by the spin–orbit interaction, is measurable in the pristine amorphous sample and much reduced in the sample with the highest crystalline order. Surprisingly, the largest demagnetization is observed at intermediate annealing temperatures, where the enhancement in spin-flip probability is not associated with an increased charge scattering. We are able to correlate the demagnetization amplitude with the magnitude of the in-plane magnetic anisotropy, which we characterize independently, suggesting a magnetoresistance-like description of the phenomenon.
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| 6. |
- Tulin, Marina, et al.
(författare)
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Why do citizens choose to read fact-checks in the context of the Russian war in Ukraine? The role of directional and accuracy motivations in nineteen democracies.
- 2024
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Ingår i: The International Journal of Press/Politics. - 1940-1612 .- 1940-1620.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The recent surge of false information accompanying the Russian invasion of Ukraine has re-emphasized the need for interventions to counteract disinformation. While fact-checking is a widely used intervention, we know little about citizen motivations to read fact-checks. We tested theoretical predictions related to accuracy-motivated goals (i.e., seeking to know the truth) versus directionally-motivated goals (i.e., seeking to confirm existing beliefs) by analyzing original survey data (n=19,037) collected in early April to late May 2022 in nineteen countries, namely Austria, Belgium, Brazil, Czech Republic, Denmark, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Italy, Netherlands, Poland, Romania, Serbia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, UK, and USA. Survey participants read ten statements about the Russian war in Ukraine and could opt to see fact-checks for each of these statements. Results of mixed models for three-level hierarchical data (level 1: statements, level 2: individuals, and level 3: countries) showed that accuracy motivations were better explanations than directional motivations for the decision to read fact-checks about the Russian war in Ukraine.
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