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| 2. |
- Mattsson, Marie, 1960-, et al.
(författare)
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Catch Crop Known to Decrease N-leaching also Counteracts Soil CO2 Emissions
- 2015
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Ingår i: Journal of Resources and Ecology. - Beijing : Zhongguo Kexueyuan Dili Kexue yu Ziyuan Yanjiusuo / Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research. - 1674-764X. ; 6:3, s. 180-185
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- CO2 emissions to the atmosphere were studied in a fertilized sandy agricultural soil with and without a catch crop sown into the main crop. The catch crop was grown primarily with the purpose to decrease N-leaching but this study also wanted to find out if the catch crop could have an effect in a climate change perspective. Plots with catch crop showed decreased CO2 emissions from the soil. Since previous results have shown that catch crops effectively decrease N-leaching we recommend growing catch crops as an effective measure for helping both the climate and the eutrophication issue. Seasonal variations in CO2 emissions were pronounced with maximum emissions from the fertilized agricultural soil in June and from an adjacent unmanaged grassland in August. From the plot with catch crop emissions decreased in July and August but somewhat increased later in the autumn. Fertilized agricultural soil showed a within-soil CO2 sink after harvest, i.e. within-soil CO2 uptake. Availability of NH4+ or NO3- in the soil seems to influence the within-soil CO2 sink, with NH4+ enforcing the sink while the same amount of NO3- instead increased CO2 emissions. © 2015 BioOne All rights reserved
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| 3. |
- Averfalk, Helge, 1988-, et al.
(författare)
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Klimatgaser i Halland – en målinriktad analys med framtidsperspektiv
- 2014
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Rapporten innehåller en analys av utsläppen av de sex klimatgaserna i Halland mellan 1990 och 2011, en skattning vad som kommer att genomföras till 2020 och förslag till åtgärder för att kunna leverera utsläppsreduktioner efter 2020. Resultaten visar att de halländska utsläppen har minskat med 20 procent sedan 1990, målet om 27 procent lägre utsläpp till 2020 kommer troligen att uppnås, transporter och jordbruk måste kunna leverera utsläppsreduktioner efter 2020, regionala plan- och styrdokument måste i större utsträckning kunna kvantifiera framtida utsläppsreduktioner samt att det behövs ett regionalt kompetenscenter i Halland för att länet ska kunna leverera utsläppsreduktioner i framtiden.
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| 4. |
- Bauhn, Lovisa, et al.
(författare)
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On the spot study reveals the missing carbon sink
- 2017
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- An increasing amount of CO2 emitted from human activities globally does not add to the increase in the atmosphere. Taking the ocean sink into acount, the fate of about 3 Gt C annually remains to be explained. This huge amount is calculated as the residual from known fluxes1 We present an `on the spot´ study that is based on systematic soil sampling in different regions and over the years since 2004. The difference between gross heterotrophic respiration (GHR) in the soil, and net heterotrophic respiration (NHR) that is the part of the carbon dioxide leaving the ground surface, was analyzed. The accumulated data indicate a within-soil CO2 sink of the same magnitude as the sink derived from different fluxes1 . Both approaches describe the same sink but our results show that the sink is CO2 uptake from the soil atmosphere, not emitted CO2 that is returned to some unknown area on land. The energy yield needed from nitrification to explain the observed reduction of CO2 to organic material is large, and NH4 + is recycled several times. It was unexpectedly observed that O2 was released in this gross nitrification cycle and this was confirmed with H2 18O incubations in soils2 . The large CO2 sink changes between seasons, between sites and even from a sink to an additional source, which may explain why it has so long been ”missing”.1 Le Quéré et al. 2015. Global Carbon Budgets 2015. Earth Syst. Sci. Data 7, 349–3962 Fleischer S. et al. 2013. Dark oxidation of water in soils. Tellus B 65, 20490
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| 5. |
- Cansu Ertem, Funda, et al.
(författare)
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Analyzing the impacts of inoculums to substrate ratio and pretreatment methods on the anaerobic biogas production from sugar beets
- 2016
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Ingår i: ETIKUM 2016. - Novi Sad : Faculty of technical sciences department of production engineering. ; , s. 113-116
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study evaluates the impacts of three different pretreatment methods on the biogas production from sugar beet, when it is anaerobically digested with a variety of inoculum mixing ratios. In this context, this research focuses on the influences of different pretreatment methods and inoculum on the digestibility on the digestibility. Sugar beet was anaerobically digested at 37°C. Actively digested cow manure slurry, vegetable and fruit residues mix was used as inoculum. The series of laboratory experiments using 32 digesters (each 1 L) were performed in batch operation mode. The results prove that inoculum and pretreatments could either enhance the biogas potential or totally inhibit the digestion. Key words: sugar beet, inoculum, pretreatment methods, biogas production.
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| 6. |
- Cardoso Chrispim, Mariana, Postdoktor, 1990-, et al.
(författare)
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Perception and awareness of circular economy within water-intensive and bio-based sectors : Understanding, benefits and barriers
- 2024
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Ingår i: Journal of Cleaner Production. - Amsterdam : Elsevier. - 0959-6526 .- 1879-1786. ; 464
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Perception and awareness can affect behaviour and decision-making, for example, how companies implement Circular Economy (CE) practices. However, there is limited empirical research about this topic. Thus, we investigated the perception and awareness of representatives from water-intensive and bio-based sectors regarding the CE concept based on interviews and a survey with 10 companies in Sweden. Our results indicate that CE is understood mainly as zero waste and its key principles are resource efficiency and ecodesign. Missing (or partially addressed) important elements of CE are consumption, social aspects, regenerative role of CE, collaboration, and Industrial Symbiosis. The main benefit from implementing circular strategies is economic, and the main barrier is the lack of financial resources. The bio-based companies have a broader understanding of CE and its benefits than the water-intensive companies. Overall, more clarification and standardisation of the CE concept is necessary to avoid misunderstanding with other concepts such as sustainability. © 2024 The Authors
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| 7. |
- Cardoso Chrispim, Mariana, Postdoktor, 1990-, et al.
(författare)
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The underrepresented key elements of Circular Economy : A critical review of assessment tools and a guide for action
- 2023
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Ingår i: Sustainable Production and Consumption. - Amsterdam : Elsevier. - 2352-5509. ; 35, s. 539-558
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The measurement of progress towards Circular Economy (CE) within a company is crucial for identifying opportunities and designing circular practices. However, most of the existing tools do not consider the systemic view and principles of CE. The aim of this paper is to assess the contributions and limitations of CE assessment tools regarding the key elements: social dimension, stakeholder engagement, R-imperatives and industrial symbiosis. Also, the aim is to offer guidance for improvements towards a CE transition. The methodology was an integrative literature review; then based on the critical assessment of tools a guide was created. Thirty-eight tools were thoroughly analysed and our results show that there is a limited number of multidisciplinary tools (only 10), that is including all CE key elements, and in some cases partly. Social dimension is not fully explored; only 6 tools have indicators related to society, local community, customers, and workers. Recommendations for future tools development include to offer training for possible users of the tools and to develop tools for the service sector. Finally, we conclude that all the key elements of CE are interconnected. The proposed guide-ACTION (Assessing Circular Transition In Organisations Now)- includes the key elements, databases, tools, and indicators, and is aligned with the CE principles to help the assessment. © 2022 The Author(s)
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| 8. |
- Hoveskog, Maya, 1980-, et al.
(författare)
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Education for Sustainable Development : Business modelling for flourishing
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of Cleaner Production. - Amsterdam : Elsevier. - 0959-6526 .- 1879-1786. ; 172, s. 4383-4396
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- As companies and other organizations increasingly recognize society’s demand for greater social and environmental sustainability, university and college business schools have responded with new pedagogic approaches. Business schools have begun to offer courses in business models and business model innovation that focus not only on profit-normative goals but also on social and environmental goals. This paper describes an Experiential Workshop for university undergraduates in which the Service-Learning pedagogic approach is taken and Flourishing Business Canvas is applied as a tool for collaborative visual business modelling. In the Workshop, the students work with business model innovation for a biogas production cooperative of farmer-members in southern Sweden. The students take the role of problem-owners and problem-solvers as they co-create new business models ideas for the cooperative. The paper presents the students’ achievement of three Learning Objectives as they engage in meaningful, “real-world” simulations with a high degree of autonomy that allows them to combine their theoretical knowledge with practice. Implications for educators who wish to test the Experiential Workshop in their classrooms are proposed. The paper concludes with the suggestion that Education for Flourishing is a useful expansion of Education for Sustainable Development. © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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| 9. |
- Husted, Sören, et al.
(författare)
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Photorespiratory NH4+ Production in Leaves of Wild-Type and Glutamine Synthetase 2 Antisense Oilseed Rape
- 2002
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Ingår i: Plant Physiology. - Rockville : American Society of Plant Biologists. - 0032-0889 .- 1532-2548. ; 130:2, s. 989-998
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Exposure of oilseed rape (Brassica napus) plants to increasing leaf temperatures between 15°C and 25°C increased photorespiratory NH4+ production from 0.7 to 3.5 µmol m-2 s-1. Despite the 5-fold increase in the rate of NH4+ production, the NH4+ concentration in root and leaf tissue water and xylem sap dropped significantly, whereas that in the leaf apoplastic fluid remained constant. The in vitro activity of glutamine synthetase (GS) in both leaves and roots also increased with temperature and in all cases substantially exceeded the observed rates of photorespiratory NH4+ production. The surplus of GS in oilseed rape plants was confirmed using GS2 antisense plants with 50% to 75% lower in vitro leaf GS activity than in the wild type. Despite the substantial reduction in GS activity, there was no tendency for antisense plants to have higher tissue NH4+ concentrations than wild-type plants and no overall correlation between GS activity and tissue NH4+ concentration was observed. Antisense plants exposed to leaf temperatures increasing from 14°C to 27°C or to a trifold increase in the O2 to CO2 ratio did not show any change in steady-state leaf tissue NH4+ concentration or in NH3 emission to the atmosphere. The antisense plants also had similar leaf tissue concentrations of glutamine, glycine, and serine as the wild type, whereas glutamate increased by 38%. It is concluded that photorespiration does not control tissue or apoplastic levels of NH4+ in oilseed rape leaves and, as a consequence, that photorespiration does not exert a direct control on leaf atmosphere NH3 fluxes.
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| 10. |
- Johansson, Jörgen, 1958-, et al.
(författare)
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Slututvärdering av det svenska landsbygdsprogrammet 2007–2013 : DELRAPPORT IV : Synteser för en hållbar landsbygdsutveckling : Utvärdering av programmets samlade effekter
- 2017. - 1
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Rapport (refereegranskat)abstract
- Denna rapport är en del av utvärderingen av landsbygdsprogrammet 2007–2013. Fyra grupper med forskare från universitet och högskolor har gjort slututvärderingen. Den publiceras i fyra delrapporter varav detta är en. Frågor som handlar om hela programmet besvaras huvudsakligen i delrapport IV. Frågor om enskilda åtgärder besvaras i de tre andra delrapporterna. En översikt av vilka frågor som besvaras i vilken rapport finns på följande sidor.Slututvärderingen görs för att besvara EU-gemensamma och specifika svenska utvärderingsfrågor om vilka effekter programmet har haft, i vilken utsträckning det har bidragit till att uppfylla målen och hur effektivt detta har gjorts.Utvärderingssekretariatet vid Jordbruksverket ansvarar för att de svenska EU-programmen där Jordbruksverket är förvaltande myndighet blir utvärderade. Det innebär att utvärderingssekretariatet beställer och genomför utvärderingar av landsbygdsprogrammet, havs- och fiskeriprogrammet samt programmet för lokalt ledd utveckling inom regionalfonden och socialfonden. Programmen utvärderas dels var för sig men också tillsammans. Utvärderingarna görs i relation till målen i programmen och de övergripande EU 2020-målen.De flesta utvärderingarna genomförs av externa aktörer. Vi tar hjälp av forskare för att kvalitetsgranska rapporterna innan de publiceras. I slutet av rapporterna finns ett utlåtande från granskarna. Rapporterna publiceras i en särskild rapportserie och rapportförfattarna är ansvariga för slutsatserna. Slutsatserna utgör inte Jordbruksverkets officiella ståndpunkt./Utvärderingssekretariatet vid Jordbruksverket
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