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- Alexandersson, Pär, 1963-
(författare)
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Konsten att avstå : Framställningar av åldrande och visdom i västeuropeisk litteratur från Cicero till Fredrika Bremer
- 2009
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This study discusses the tradition of ideal ageing, which emphasizes life-long virtue as an avenue to wisdom. In line with this tradition the senior members of society have been expected to take charge of and to organize their withdrawal from their social engagements, make themselves available to the younger generations needs without (openly) wanting to control them, and impart traditions without insisting that everything remain unchanged. Women have not been excluded from this tradition, but they have figured more in the margin. This is especially noticeable in the popular image of the ideal ageing man as a king in command of himself (but only in exceptional cases also in command of others). The tradition of ideal ageing emerged during antiquity. Socrates held a central position in the formation of this set of values, Cicero’s De Senectute is a prototype of positive examples of ideal ageing, and Seneca’s texts on old age became, at the time, a model for how deterrent examples function as warnings to others. Traces of this tradition can, for example, be found in Shakespeare’s King Lear, and in texts by and about the ageing Johann Wolfgang von Goethe. In the beginning of the 19th century, the tradition of ideal ageing in Swedish literature dominated the portrayals of the relationship between young and old, especially in texts by Esaias Tegnér, Erik Gustaf Geijer, and Fredrika Bremer, who all wrote at a time when a new national ideology was emerging. Some of these writers though did attempt to break with the tradition by portraying themselves in old age as passionate and perpetually young. This shows the importance of studying how individual writers, instead of regarding the tradition of ideal ageing only as a limiting norm or discourse, have used the tradition in accordance with their own interests and perspectives.
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- Hållner, AnnaLena, 1969-
(författare)
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Sätt att räkna tiden : Analys av åldrande och minne i Sigrid Combüchens trilogi Värme, Korta och långa kapitel samt En simtur i sundet
- 2009
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Detta är en studie av åldrande och minne i Sigrid Combüchens trilogi Värme, Korta och långa kapitel samt En simtur i sundet. Det övergripande syftet med avhandlingen är att visa hur skönlitteratur kan bidra till forskningen om åldrande, och hur litteraturanalys som metod kan utveckla det forskningsfält som i huvudsak har ägnat sig åt frågeställningar om åldrande utifrån ett skönlitterärt material, det vill säga litteraturgerontologi. Syftet är även att problematisera hur man gör litteraturstudier om åldrande och synliggöra antaganden om åldrande i skönlitteratur. Litteraturgerontologer har i stor utsträckning intresserat sig för två företeelser i skönlitteratur: det ena är gestaltningar av äldre huvudpersoner och det andra är gestaltningar av ett liv i olika faser, vilka ofta har analyserats som antingen en positiv eller en negativ utveckling. Forskningsinriktningen har drivits så långt att det finns anledning att fråga sig om det finns ett slags ”kronologisk mall” för gestaltningar av åldrande. Den kronologiska mallen gör sig gällande på tre olika sätt. För det första har huvudpersonens ålder fått stor betydelse för om en roman ska komma ifråga i en litteraturanalys om åldrande. För det andra ska romanens struktur ge illusionen av att huvudpersonen ser tillbaka på sitt liv för att erfarenheter av att åldras ska synliggöras. Och till sist, gestaltningen av huvudperson och tidsmönster ska följa en utvecklingsordning som leder fram till resultatet åldrande.Analysen av huvudpersonen i Sigrid Combüchens romaner visar att denne inte kan göras till föremål för en viss tidsmässig mall. Gestaltningarna av Göran Sager-Larsson syftar inte till att framställa en individ vars liv liknar en verklig människas, utan Göran Sager-Larsson är framför allt ett tidsexempel som återkommer i tre romaner. Gestaltningarna av Göran Sager-Larsson i trilogin synliggör olika samtider och tidsuppfattningar, bland andra åldrande och minne. Analysen av Göran Sager-Larsson visar att analyser av åldrande inte nödvändigtvis måste kopplas till en viss ålder eller en viss fas i livet, utan är något som kan analyseras i skönlitteratur med huvudpersoner i olika åldrar.
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- Maria, Johansson
(författare)
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Skådespelarens praktiska kunskap
- 2012
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Konstnärligt arbete (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The aim of this dissertation is to articulate the actors’ practical knowledge. I have shared some of the questions that have arisen through my active years as a professional actor with a group of actors with different backgrounds and levels of experience. The actors are sceptical towards fixed theories and methods imposed on them from outside. In order to show the complexity of a character, the actor needs concrete workable images. As one such image, this dissertation uses Aristotle’s term “Lesbian rule”, a mason’s ruler made of lead so that it is adjustable when measuring an uneven surface.This dissertation has four main sections, entitled: Intuition, Courage, Anecdotes, and the Creative process. Intuitionworks on an individual level and is only one of the parameters used when creating and performing a role. This dissertation uses “what-is-currently-going-on” as a key term, as well as Swedish philosopher Hans Larsson’s use of intuition as an agile attentiveness.Acting implies exposure both of your physical and emotional self. At almost all stages in the actor’s work process s/he is also exposed to judgment from others. During rehearsal the actor has to ask him-or herself if the choices made for the representation of the character are possible to reproduce over and over again. High ambitions have to be balanced against a personal wellbeing. These perspectives are central in the discussion on courage.For the actor an anecdoteabout acting is a way of practising and showing your skills as an actor. As theactor is constantly facing new work situations, the anecdote can also tell who you are in a context of your own choice. The concept of the anecdote is used to exemplify the actor’s situated knowledge. During the creative processthe actor works with openness and introversion at the same time. Being an artist in a collective requires trust and an ability to wait for the hermeneutical process to make a whole of the individual parts. It is vital for the actor to realize that nothingis final. Every performance has to be performed as if for the first time.The main thesis of this dissertation is that the actors’ knowledge is embodied and based on situation.
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- Tormod, Mats, 1946-
(författare)
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Till en berättelse om tröst : Eyvind Johnson omläst
- 2012
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This dissertation is devoted to the Swedish author and Nobel Laureate Eyvind Johnson. The study involves a rereading of his oeuvre and an attempt to reformulate the prevailing picture of the author and his works.The study begins by discussing the image of Johnson, as he portrays himself and as he is viewed and talked about by others: readers, critics and researchers. The discussion leads to an attempt to understand what Foucault calls the author-function, as a web of narrative, internal and external, that of the author, the readers and the critics.Something that Johnson calls “truth” is important for his oeuvre. This is linked to the author’s experience and a duty to present testimony about reality, what Johnson would call documents. This reasoning leads to a discussion of different readings and the potential of cognitive values in fiction, and to an exploration of large and small themes, the general and the particular. Autobiographical texts as well as private correspondence with colleagues and friends are discussed from this perspective.Through studies of forgotten and buried or vanished layers – a method that could be called archaeological – the dissertation examines texts in Johnson’s oeuvre that have received less attention, often neglected or ignored. Early short stories, unsuccessful novels and rejected manuscripts can allow recurrent motifs and themes to stand out more clearly and indicate new ways to read the major canonical works in his oeuvre as well. Such themes are found to be abandonment and homosociality, sexuality and misogyny. Important but hitherto often neglected motifs become keys that open the novels to new, closer interpretations.Central features in the study are analyses of the novels Krilon, Strändernas svall (Return to Ithaca, London/New York 1952) and Några steg mot tystnaden. These particularly concern betrayal and being let down, often staged in a gender context. The dissertation leads up to a discussion of what in Johnsons works is reflections on a male, and ultimately also a human predicament. Different concepts are tested: male tragedy, melancholy, but the analysis finally settles on the term male pessimism.It is not Prometheus that represents Johnson but Sisyphus. One must endure, and perhaps imagine oneself happy.
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