| 1. |
- Asselbergs, Folkert W., et al.
(författare)
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Large-Scale Gene-Centric Meta-analysis across 32 Studies Identifies Multiple Lipid Loci
- 2012
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Ingår i: American Journal of Human Genetics. - : Elsevier BV. - 0002-9297. ; 91:5, s. 823-838
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have identified many SNPs underlying variations in plasma-lipid levels. We explore whether additional loci associated with plasma-lipid phenotypes, such as high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), total cholesterol (TC), and triglycerides (TGs), can be identified by a dense gene-centric approach. Our meta-analysis of 32 studies in 66,240 individuals of European ancestry was based on the custom similar to 50,000 SNP genotyping array (the ITMAT-Broad-CARe array) covering similar to 2,000 candidate genes. SNP-lipid associations were replicated either in a cohort comprising an additional 24,736 samples or within the Global Lipid Genetic Consortium. We identified four, six, ten, and four unreported SNPs in established lipid genes for HDL-C, LDL-C, TC, and TGs, respectively. We also identified several lipid-related SNPs in previously unreported genes: DGAT2, HCAR2, GPIHBP1, PPARG, and FTO for HDL-C; SOCS3, APOH, SPTY2D1, BRCA2, and VLDLR for LDL-C; SOCS3, UGT1A1, BRCA2, UBE3B, FCGR2A, CHUK, and INSIG2 for TC; and SERPINF2, C4B, GCK, GATA4, INSR, and LPAL2 for TGs. The proportion of explained phenotypic variance in the subset of studies providing individual-level data was 9.9% for HDL-C, 9.5% for LDL-C, 10.3% for TC, and 8.0% for TGs. This large meta-analysis of lipid phenotypes with the use of a dense gene-centric approach identified multiple SNPs not previously described in established lipid genes and several previously unknown loci. The explained phenotypic variance from this approach was comparable to that from a meta-analysis of GWAS data, suggesting that a focused genotyping approach can further increase the understanding of heritability of plasma lipids.
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| 2. |
- Björklund, Martin, 1961-, et al.
(författare)
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Office-cycling while working : An innovative concept to prevent and reduce musculoskeletal pain in office workers - a controlled feasibility study
- 2015
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: According to the World Health Organization, WHO, a sedentary lifestyle is the single largest health risk for a number of diseases including musculoskeletal disorders and metabolic diseases. The negative health effects of excessive sitting are not compensated for by shorter bouts of increased physical activity. However, evidence shows that increased physical activity reduces musculoskeletal pain, which is very prevalent in those who are inactive. About 50-70 % of those who work at a computer report musculoskeletal pain and spend on average about 5 hours/day with very low energy metabolism. Work places are therefore an important arena for prevention and intervention by means of reducing sedentary time and increasing physical activity both for general health benefits and effects on the musculoskeletal pain.Purpose: To test the feasibility of office-cycling in an office work place and explore its potential effects on musculoskeletal pain in office workers.Methods: Twenty office workers (ages 27-61, 5 males) with musculoskeletal pain participated in this three-week controlled pilot field study. The intervention group (n=10), had access to an innovative customized cycle ergometer (OfficeBiking®) at their regular office workstation whilst performing their usual work tasks. Offie-cycling was an alternative to sitting/standing by their height adjustable office desk; they were instructed to bike as often as comfortable. The control group (n=10) was instructed to continue to work as usual. The experiences of office-cycling and how it influenced work performance was studied with a questionnaire. Musculoskeletal pain was evaluated using pain drawings and pain ratings and participants' total pain was calculated by adding each individuals' self-reported pain from their three most painful areas (NRS 0-10).Results: Importantly, office-cycling did not reduce self-reported work performance; the majority (9/10) would like daily access; and made suggestions to improve the user-friendliness of the bike. Office-cycling was used regularly (median, 11/15 workdays; median active time 59 min/day IQR 39;91). There was no observed difference regarding either number of self-reported areas of pain (NSAP) or general musculoskeletal pain (GMP) between the intervention group and the control group at baseline. Self-reported GMP decreased in 8 persons in the intervention group which was one more than in the control group (n=7). NSAP decreased in the intervention group (n=7; md -1,0 IQR -2,3;0,0); and the control group (n=5; md -0,5 IQR -1,3;0,3). The difference in total pain (intervention end-baseline) revealed a clinically important change in the intervention group (NRS -2,5, IQR -8,8;4,0) but not in the control group (NRS 0,0 IQR -6,2;2,5).Conclusions: The results suggest that office-cycling is a feasible method for use in work place interventions with some promising results. Future research suggestions are: underlying mechanisms regarding effects of physical activity on pain in parallel with controlled studies in laboratory environments to investigate dose-effects for metabolic expenditure and optimal pain reduction whilst office-cycling.Implications: The results in this feasibility study indicate a promising potential of the innovative office-cycling concept to prevent and reduce musculoskeletal pain in sedentary office workers.
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| 3. |
- Dahlgren, Gunilla, et al.
(författare)
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Test-retest reliability of step counts with the ActivPAL™ device in common daily activities.
- 2010
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Ingår i: Gait & Posture. - : Elsevier. - 0966-6362 .- 1879-2219. ; 32:3, s. 386-90
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The ActivPAL device is a well-established physical activity monitor for assessment of physical activity. AIM: To investigate test-retest reliability of step counts and establish minimal detectable changes (MDC) in step count to account for intra device error over time in various physical activities. METHODS: Healthy participants (n=24, age range, 19-28 years) performed activities on two occasions, 1 week apart, in a laboratory setting; self-paced floor walking, treadmill walking at three different speeds (3.2 km/h, 4.5 km/h and 4.5 km/h with incline), treadmill jogging (8.0 km/h), stair walking and cycling on an exercise bike at three speeds (45 rpm, 60 rpm and 75 rpm). Relative reliability was calculated using intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and Spearman correlation. Absolute reliability was assessed using standard error of measurement (SEM) and coefficient of repeatability (CR). RESULTS: The ActivPAL showed high to very high relative reliability for treadmill walking at all speeds and stair walking, while self-paced normal floor walking showed moderate reliability. The absolute reliability was the best for treadmill walking activities, slightly increased for self-paced walking, followed by stair walking and jogging. The use of activity monitors during cycling has been questioned and our results confirm a low absolute and relative reliability. MDC values varied according to the type of activity e.g. treadmill walking 4.5 km/h (10 steps), walking on the floor (45 steps). Data loss in this study (10-13%) was higher than previously reported. CONCLUSIONS: The ActivPAL is reliable for treadmill walking, jogging and self-paced walking. MCD varies according to the activity and should be considered when establishing true change over time.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Lang, Angelica E., et al.
(författare)
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A randomized controlled trial investigating effects of an individualized pedometer driven walking program on chronic low back pain
- 2021
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Ingår i: BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders. - : Springer Nature. - 1471-2474. ; 22:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Walking is an easily prescribed physical activity for people with low back pain (LBP). However, the evidence for its effectiveness to improve pain and disability levels for people with chronic low back pain (CLBP) within a community setting has not been evaluated. This study evaluates the effectiveness of a clinician guided, pedometer-driven, walking intervention for increasing physical activity and improving clinical outcomes compared to education and advice. Methods: Randomized controlled trial recruiting N = 174 adults with CLBP. Participants were randomly allocated into either a standardized care group (SG) or pedometer based walking group (WG) using minimization allocation with a 2:1 ratio to the WG. Prior to randomization all participants were given a standard package of education and advice regarding self-management and the benefits of staying active. Following randomization the WG undertook a physiotherapist guided pedometer-driven walking program for 12 weeks. This was individually tailored by weekly negotiation of daily step targets. Main outcome was the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) recorded at baseline, 12 weeks, 6 and 12 months. Other outcomes included, numeric pain rating, International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), Fear-Avoidance Beliefs Questionnaire (FABQ), Back Beliefs questionnaire (BBQ), Physical Activity Self-efficacy Scale, and EQ-5D-5L quality of life estimate. Results: N = 138 (79%) participants completed all outcome measures at 12 weeks reducing to N = 96 (55%) at 12 months. Both observed and intention to treat analysis did not show any statistically significant difference in ODI change score between the WG and the SG at all post-intervention time points. There were also no significant between group differences for change scores in all secondary outcome measures. Post hoc sensitivity analyses revealed moderately disabled participants (baseline ODI >= 21.0) demonstrated a greater reduction in mean ODI scores at 12 months in the WG compared to SG, while WG participants with a daily baseline step count < 7500 steps demonstrated a greater reduction in mean ODI scores at 12 weeks. Conclusions: Overall, we found no significant difference in change of levels of (ODI) disability between the SG and WG following the walking intervention. However, ODI responses to a walking program for those with moderate levels of baseline disability and those with low baseline step count offer a potential future focus for continued research into the benefit of walking as a management strategy for chronic LBP. Trial registration: United States National Institutes of Health Clinical Trails registry (http://ClinicalTrials.gov/) No. NCT02284958 (27/10/2014).
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| 6. |
- Marley, Joanne, et al.
(författare)
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Study protocol for a feasibility study of an online educational programme for people working and living with persistent low back pain
- 2023
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Ingår i: Pilot and Feasibility Studies. - 2055-5784. ; 9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Low back pain (LBP) is the main cause of activity limitation and work absence across the world, leading to a high social and economic burden for individuals, families, the labour market and society. The overall aim of this multicentre study is to test the usability, acceptability and feasibility of an evidence-based, digital education programme for people living and working with persistent LBP who are in sedentary or physically demanding jobs and need advice on ergonomics, self-management of pain and healthy behavioural strategies. Methods: This is the protocol of a multinational, multicentre, prospective uncontrolled feasibility study targeting people with persistent LBP in Lithuania, Northern Ireland, Italy, Sweden and Portugal. Eligible participants will be offered the opportunity to use the MyRelief educational platform as part of their care and will undergo evaluations at baseline (enrollment) and 1-month follow-up. Feasibility will be assessed using measures of recruitment and retention, intervention engagement, outcome measure completion rates and within-group effect sizes in response to the digital education programme. Discussion: This study will identify the challenges and implications of delivering a digital training programme in advance of potentially delivering the programme via an online educational platform available on mobile devices. The findings will inform the design of a future randomised controlled trial if it proves feasible. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04673773 . Registered 17 December 2020.
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| 7. |
- Sandlund, Marlene, 1972-, et al.
(författare)
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Interactive computer play in rehabilitation of children with sensorimotor disorders : a systematic review
- 2009
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Ingår i: Developmental medicine and child neurology. - : Wiley. - 1469-8749 .- 0012-1622. ; 51:3, s. 173-179
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this review was to examine systematically the evidence for the application of interactive computer play in the rehabilitation of children with sensorimotor disorders. A literature search of 11 electronic databases was conducted to identify articles published between January 1995 and May 2008. The review was restricted to reports of intervention studies evaluating the impact of interactive computer play on motor rehabilitation in children. For each study the quality of the methods and the strength of the evidence were assessed by two independent reviewers using the guidelines of the American Academy for Cerebral Palsy and Developmental Medicine. A total of 74 articles were identified, of which 16 met the inclusion criteria. Three studies were randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and half were case series or case reports. Areas investigated were movement quality, spatial orientation and mobility, and motivational aspects. Thirteen studies presented positive findings. Two of the three RCTs investigating movement quality and one level III study examining spatial orientation showed no significant improvements. Interactive computer play is a potentially promising tool for the motor rehabilitation of children but the level of evidence is too limited to assess its value fully. Further and more convincing research is needed.
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| 8. |
- Sandlund, Marlene, et al.
(författare)
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Interactive games in motor rehabilitation for children with sensor motor disorders
- 2007
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Ingår i: 2007 virtual rehabilitation. - New York : IEEE conference proceedings. - 9781424412044 ; , s. 78-78
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Interactive computer environments may be a good way to make motor practice more fun and motivating for children with sensorimotor disorders. However, appropriate computer environments that could be used for this purpose need to be systematically tested in rehabilitation settings in order to evaluate their impact on motor aspects as well as on motivation and activity levels. This abstract describes pilot data from an ongoing intervention study involving children diagnosed with cerebral palsy. The interactive environment used is the Sony's EyeToy system for PlayStation2. The intervention is evaluated through interviews as well as with activity monitoring and motor assessments, including 3D motion analysis. Here we will report pilot data based on the interviews.
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| 9. |
- Tronarp, Rebecca, et al.
(författare)
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Office-cycling : a promising way to raise pain thresholds and increase metabolism with minimal compromising of work performance
- 2018
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Ingår i: BioMed Research International. - : Hindawi Publishing Corporation. - 2314-6133 .- 2314-6141. ; 2018
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Sedentary behaviour constitutes a risk for lifestyle related diseases and musculoskeletal pain which does not seem to be compensated for by shorter bouts of high intensity physical activity. A way of tackling this may be long term light intensity physical activity while performing office work.Aim: Establish the effects of low intensity cycling (LC), moderate intensity cycling (MC) and standing at a simulated office workstation on pain modulation, metabolic expenditure and work performance.Methods: 36 healthy adults (21 females), mean age 26.8 (SD 7.6) years, partook in this randomized 3x3 cross-over trial with 75 minutes of LC on 20% of maximum aerobic power output (MAP), 30 minutes of MC on 50% of MAP and standing 30 minutes with 48 hours wash-out periods. Outcome measures were pain modulation (pressure- and thermal pain thresholds, (PPT and TPT)), work performance (transcription, mouse pointing and cognitive performance) and metabolic expenditure.Results: PPTs increased in all conditions. Median increase in PPT trapezius was highest after LC; 39.3 kilopascal (kPa) (15.6;78.6) compared to MC; 17.0 kPa (2.8;49.9) and standing; 16.8 kPa (-5.6;39.4), p=0.015. TPT showed no change. Work performance; compared to standing, transcription was reduced during LC and MC, mouse pointing was faster in LC but had more errors while slower with more errors in MC. Performance in the cognitive task did not differ between conditions. Metabolic expenditure rates differed between all conditions (p<0.001) and were 1.4 (1.3;1.7), 3.3 (2.3;3.7) and 7.5 (5.8;8.7) kilocalories per minute during standing, LC and MC, respectively.Conclusions: LC seem to be the preferred option since it raised PPTs, more than doubled metabolic expenditure, while minimally influencing work performance when compared to standing. Thus, LC is promising but requires corroboration in field studies.
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