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- Bayram, Gökçe, et al.
(författare)
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Health care professionals’ view on pedophilic disorder : a qualitative study
- 2021
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Ingår i: Sexual and Relationship Therapy. - : Taylor & Francis Group. - 1468-1994 .- 1468-1749. ; 38:4, s. 684-695
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In the last few years there has been a shift in the view on pedophilia and its treatment in international diagnostic manuals and expert consensus documents. This study seeks to investigate the approach of health care professionals’ on some of the topics that are mostly debated: whether pedophilia without distress or acting out should be considered a mental disorder, whether there can be a changeability of pedophilic sexual interest over life and what the main aim of treatment should be. Qualitative content analysis was used to analyze the responses in semi-structured interviews of eight Swedish health care professionals with significant clinical experience from this patient category. These results suggest that there is a lack of consensus regarding all three topics, and that the opinions of the experienced health care professionals did not fully comply with the international experts agreements. This might lead to differences in clinical practice depending on who meets the patient, it can make the patients unsure about how they will be treated if they seek help, and it demonstrates a gap between published international research and clinical practice.
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| 2. |
- Latth, Johanna, et al.
(författare)
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Effects of internet-delivered cognitive behavioral therapy on use of child sexual abuse material : A randomized placebo-controlled trial on the Darknet
- 2022
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Ingår i: Internet Interventions. - : Elsevier. - 2214-7829. ; 30
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: The use of child sexual abuse material (CSAM) is an international public health and child protection challenge.Objective: To investigate whether Prevent It, a therapist-supported, internet-delivered, eight-week, cognitive behavioral therapy, reduces CSAM viewing among users.Methods: We conducted a global online single-blind (participants), parallel-group, superiority, randomized, psychological placebo-controlled trial with a one-month follow-up, 2019-2021 (ISRCTN76841676). We recruited anonymous participants, mainly from Darknet forums. Inclusion criteria: age 18+ years, past week CSAM use, and sufficient English language skills; exclusion criteria: severe psychiatric illness or non-serious intent to participate. The main outcome was change in self-reported, weekly viewing time from pre-to post-treatment, according to the Sexual Child Molestation Risk Assessment+.Results: A total of 160 participants (157 male, 2 non-binary, and 1 not reporting gender) from all world regions (age intervals [%]: 18-29 [49]; 30-39 [30]; 40-49 [15]; 50-59 [6]) were randomized (1:1) to Prevent It (N = 80) or Placebo (N = 80). Between-group, intention-to-treat analyses suggested a significantly larger decrease in viewing time in Prevent It participants vs. controls pre-to post-treatment (Prevent It: N = 76, Placebo: N = 78, estimate-0.25, 95 % CI,-0.46 to-0.04, p = .017, Cohen's d 0.18). Negative side effects from treatment were fewer in Prevent It compared to control participants and neither group reported severe adverse events.Conclusion: We provide initial support for the feasibility, efficacy, and safety of Prevent It to reduce CSAM viewing among motivated users. Further research is needed to validate these findings.
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| 3. |
- Nelson, Michelle H., et al.
(författare)
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The Bispecific Tumor Antigen-Conditional 4-1BB x 5T4 Agonist, ALG.APV-527, Mediates Strong T-Cell Activation and Potent Antitumor Activity in Preclinical Studies
- 2023
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Ingår i: Molecular Cancer Therapeutics. - 1538-8514. ; 22:1, s. 89-101
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- 4-1BB (CD137) is an activation-induced costimulatory receptor that regulates immune responses of activated CD8 T and natural killer cells, by enhancing proliferation, survival, cytolytic activity, and IFNγ production. The ability to induce potent antitumor activity by stimulating 4-1BB on tumor-specific cytotoxic T cells makes 4-1BB an attractive target for designing novel immuno-oncology therapeutics. To minimize systemic immune toxicities and enhance activity at the tumor site, we have developed a novel bispecific antibody that stimulates 4-1BB function when co-engaged with the tumor-associated antigen 5T4. ALG.APV-527 was built on the basis of the ADAPTIR bispecific platform with optimized binding domains to 4-1BB and 5T4 originating from the ALLIGATOR-GOLD human single-chain variable fragment library. The epitope of ALG.APV-527 was determined to be located at domain 1 and 2 on 4-1BB using X-ray crystallography. As shown in reporter and primary cell assays in vitro, ALG.APV-527 triggers dose-dependent 4-1BB activity mediated only by 5T4 crosslinking. In vivo, ALG.APV-527 demonstrates robust antitumor responses, by inhibiting growth of established tumors expressing human 5T4 followed by a long-lasting memory immune response. ALG.APV-527 has an antibody-like half-life in cynomolgus macaques and was well tolerated at 50.5 mg/kg. ALG.APV-527 is uniquely designed for 5T4-conditional 4-1BB-mediated antitumor activity with potential to minimize systemic immune activation and hepatotoxicity while providing efficacious tumor-specific responses in a range of 5T4-expressing tumor indications as shown by robust activity in preclinical in vitro and in vivo models. On the basis of the combined preclinical dataset, ALG.APV-527 has potential as a promising anticancer therapeutic for the treatment of 5T4-expressing tumors.
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