| 1. |
- Akay, Alpaslan, 1975, et al.
(författare)
-
Attitudes toward uncertainty among the poor: An experiment in rural Ethiopia
- 2012
-
Ingår i: Theory and Decision. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0040-5833 .- 1573-7187. ; 73:3, s. 453-464
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We investigate risk and ambiguity attitudes among Ethiopian farmers in one of the poorest regions of the world. Strong risk aversion and ambiguity aversion were found with the Ethiopian farmers. We compared their attitudes to those of a Western university student sample elicited by the same decision task. Ambiguity aversion was similar for farmers and students, but farmers were more risk averse. Our results show that ambiguity aversion is not restricted to Western student populations, and that studies of agricultural decisions may benefit from explicitly considering ambiguity attitudes.
|
|
| 2. |
|
|
| 3. |
|
|
| 4. |
|
|
| 5. |
- Akay, Alpaslan, 1975, et al.
(författare)
-
Positional Concerns among the Poor: Does Reference Group Matter? Evidence from Survey Experiments
- 2014
-
Ingår i: Journal of African Economies. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0963-8024 .- 1464-3723. ; 23:5, s. 673-699
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Previous research studies suggest a lower degree of positional concerns among people from poor countries. Yet the evidence is limited and most often builds on the assumption that people's reference groups are the same across all individuals. We conduct a survey experiment in urban Ethiopia that is modified to include multiplicity of reference groups. We estimate positional concerns considering various reference groups to test whether the low positional concerns found in the literature are due to misspecification of the reference groups. The results show a low degree of positional concern, which is highly stable across different reference groups.
|
|
| 6. |
- Bouchouicha, Ranoua, et al.
(författare)
-
Stake effects on ambiguity attitudes for gains and losses
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Theory and Decision. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0040-5833 .- 1573-7187. ; 83:1, s. 19-35
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We test the effect of stake size on ambiguity attitudes. Compared to a baseline condition, we find subjects to be more ambiguity seeking for small-probability gains and large-probability losses under high stakes. They are also more ambiguity averse for large-probability gains and small-probability losses. We trace these effects back to stake effects on decisions under risk (known probabilities) and uncertainty (unknown probabilities). For risk, we replicate previous findings. For uncertainty, we find an increase in probabilistic insensitivity under high stakes that is driven by increased uncertainty aversion for large-probability gains and for small-probability losses.
|
|
| 7. |
|
|
| 8. |
- Dufwenberg, Martin, 1964, et al.
(författare)
-
Thanks but No Thanks: A New Policy to Avoid Land Conflict
- 2013
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Land conflicts can be detrimental. An important goal of development policy is to help define and instill respect for borders. This is often implemented through mandatory and expensive interventions that rely on the expansion of government land administration institutions. We bring to the table a new policy that, in theory, promotes neighborly relations and equitable divisions at low cost. The salient features of this policy would be the existence of a regulatory institution and the option to bypass regulation in favor of a cooperative solution. Such a policy is particularly relevant when the government formally owns the land but tenure rights are about to be individualized. The key idea combines the logic of forward induction with the insight that social preferences transform social dilemmas into coordination problems. As a first and low-cost pass at empirical evaluation, we conduct a framed field experiment among farmers in the Ethiopian highlands, a region exhibiting features typical of many countries where borders are often disputed.
|
|
| 9. |
- Dufwenberg, Martin, 1964, et al.
(författare)
-
Thanks but No Thanks: A New Policy to Reduce Land Conflict
- 2014
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Land conflicts can be detrimental. An important goal of development policy is to help define and instill respect for borders. This is often implemented through mandatory and expensive intervention s that rely on the expansion of government land administration institutions. We bring to the table a new policy that , in theory , promotes neighborly relations and equitable divisions at low cost. The salient features of this policy would be the existence o f a regulatory i nstitution and the option to by pass regulation in favor of a cooperative solution. Such a policy is particularly relevant when the government formally owns the land but tenure rights are about to be individualized. The key idea combines the logic of forward induction with the insight that social preferences transform social dilemmas into coordination problems . As a first and low - cost pass at empirical evaluation, we conduct a framed field experiment among farmers in the Ethiopian highlands, a region exhibiting features typical of many countries where borders are often disputed.
|
|
| 10. |
- Dufwenberg, Martin, 1964, et al.
(författare)
-
Thanks but no thanks: A new policy to reduce land conflict
- 2016
-
Ingår i: Journal of Environmental Economics and Management. - : Elsevier BV. - 0095-0696 .- 1096-0449. ; 77, s. 31-50
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Land conflicts in developing countries are costly both directly and through increased land degradation. An important policy goal is to create respect for borders. This often involves mandatory, expensive interventions. We propose a new policy design, which in theory promotes neighborly relations at low cost. A salient feature is the option to by-pass regulation through consensus. The key idea combines the insight that social preferences transform social dilemmas into coordination problems with the logic of forward induction. As a first, low-cost pass at empirical evaluation, we conduct an experiment among farmers in the Ethiopian highlands, a region exhibiting features typical of countries where borders are often disputed.
|
|
