| 1. |
- Brådvik, Louise, et al.
(författare)
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Self-reported and observed heroin overdoses in Malmoe
- 2007
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Ingår i: Journal of Substance Use. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1465-9891 .- 1475-9942. ; 12:2, s. 119-126
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Object: The aim of the present study was to investigate the pattern of non-fatal heroin overdoses for men and women in Sweden, a country with late onset of heroin use. Material: Subjects were recruited through the Syringe Programme and the Addiction Centre in Malmoe. A total of 149 subjects were interviewed, 108 men and 41 women. They were asked about their social situation, experienced and observed overdoses and circumstances around them. Results: Overdoses were very common; 74% of the subjects had experienced at least one overdose. Almost all, 96%, had observed at least one overdose in others and 32% had witnessed a fatal overdose. Actions taken were often insufficient. A combination with other drugs, mainly benzodiazepine and alcohol and/or a lowered tolerance for heroin after visits in institutions contributed to the overdose in a majority of the cases. Men and women differed in that men used concomitant drugs more often and women more often took heroin alone. Conclusion: Self-reported and observed non-fatal heroin overdoses were more common than expected. Contributing factors were found in the majority of the cases. Pure overdoses were more common in women.
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| 2. |
- Håkansson, Anders C, et al.
(författare)
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Buprenorphine misuse among heroin and amphetamine users in malmo, Sweden: Purpose of misuse and route of administration
- 2007
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Ingår i: European Addiction Research. - : S. Karger AG. - 1421-9891 .- 1022-6877. ; 13:4, s. 207-215
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Buprenorphine misuse by injecting drug users was assessed in a survey of 350 needle exchangers, either amphetamine (57%) or heroin users (42%). 89% of heroin users and 24% of amphetamine users reported using buprenorphine at some time during the previous year. Most users reported illicit acquisition. Among illicit users, 87% of heroin users reported intake for withdrawal treatment or self-detoxification, and 11% for euphoria. Euphoria seeking was more common among amphetamine users (62%, p < 0.001). Intravenous misuse was reported by 43% of illicit users, and snorting by 29%. Sole sublingual intake was more common among heroin users than among amphetamine users (46 vs. 20%, p < 0.05), and less common among patients reporting euphoria seeking (20 vs. 46%, p < 0.05).
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