| 1. |
- Carlsson, Bo, 1946-, et al.
(författare)
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A total cost perspective on use of polymeric materials in solar collectors - Importance of environmental performance on suitability
- 2014
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Ingår i: Applied Energy. - : Elsevier BV. - 0306-2619 .- 1872-9118. ; 125, s. 10-20
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To assess the suitability of solar collector systems in which polymeric materials are used versus those in which more traditional materials are used, a case study was undertaken. In this case study a solar heating system with polymeric solar collectors was compared with two equivalent but more traditional solar heating systems: one with flat plate solar collectors and one with evacuated tube solar collectors. To make the comparison, a total cost accounting approach was adopted. The life cycle assessment (LCA) results clearly indicated that the polymeric solar collector system is the best as regards climatic and environmental performance when they are expressed in terms of the IPPC 100 a indicator and the Ecoindicator99, H/A indicator, respectively. In terms of climatic and environmental costs per amount of solar heat collected, the differences between the three kinds of collector systems were small when compared with existing energy prices. With the present tax rates, it seems unlikely that the differences in environmental and climatic costs will have any significant influence on which system is the most favoured, from a total cost point of view. In the choice between a renewable heat source and a heat source based on the use of a fossil fuel, the conclusion was that for climatic performance to be an important economic factor, the tax or trade rate of carbon dioxide emissions must be increased significantly, given the initial EU carbon dioxide emission trade rate. The rate would need to be at least of the same order of magnitude as the general carbon dioxide emission tax rate used in Sweden. If environmental costs took into account not only the greenhouse effect but also other mechanisms for damaging the environment as, for example, the environmental impact factor Ecoindicator99 does, the viability of solar heating versus that of a natural gas heating system would be much higher.
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| 2. |
- Carlsson, Bo, 1946-, et al.
(författare)
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Importance of climatic and environmental cost on suitability of polymeric materials in solar therma collectors
- 2012
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Ingår i: Proceedings.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- To assess suitability ofsolar collector systems with polymeric materials versus those with moretraditional materials such as metals a case study was undertaken within theframework of Task 39 of the IEA Solar Heating and Cooling Programme. In thisstudy one solar heating system with polymeric solar collectors were comparedwith two equivalent but more traditional solar heating systems, one with flatplate collectors and one with evacuated tube solar collectors. Life Cycle Assessment(LCA) results obtained clearly indicated that the polymeric solar collectorsystem is the most favourable as regards climatic and environmentalperformance. In terms of climatic and environmental costs per solar heat collected,the differences between the three kinds of collector systems, however, aresmall when compared with existing energy prices. In the choice between arenewable heat source and a heat source based on the use of a fossil fuel,which was also analysed in the present study, the conclusion was that forclimatic performance to be an important economic factor, the rate of carbondioxide emission must be considerably increased above the level given by thepresent EU carbon dioxide emission trade rate. The rate would be at least ofthe same order of magnitude as the general carbon dioxide emission tax rateemployed inSweden.An alternative to an increase in the EU carbon dioxide emission trade ratewould be to introduce a tax system based on environmental cost, making use ofe.g. Ecoindicator99, to include also other impacts on the environment not justthe greenhouse effect.
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| 3. |
- Carlsson, Bo, 1946-, et al.
(författare)
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Replacing traditional materials with polymeric materials in solar thermosiphon systems : Case study on pros and cons based on a total cost accounting approach
- 2016
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Ingår i: Solar Energy. - : Elsevier BV. - 0038-092X .- 1471-1257. ; 125, s. 294-306
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The pros and cons of replacing traditional materials with polymeric materials in solar thermosiphon systems were analysed by adopting a total cost accounting approach.In terms of climatic and environmental performance, polymeric materials reveal better key figures than traditional ones like metals. In terms of present value total cost of energy, taking into account functional capability, end user investment cost, O&M cost, reliability and climatic cost, the results suggest that this may also be true when comparing a polymeric based thermosiphon system with a high efficient thermosiphon system of conventional materials for DHW production in the southern Europe regions. When present values for total energy cost are assessed for the total DHW systems including both the solar heating system and the auxiliary electric heating system, the difference in energy cost between the polymeric and the traditional systems is markedly reduced.The main reason for the difference in results can be related to the difference in thermal performance between the two systems. It can be concluded that the choice of auxiliary heating source is of utmost importance for the economical competiveness of systems and that electric heating may not be the best choice.
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| 4. |
- Furbo, Simon, et al.
(författare)
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Competitive Solar Heating Systems for Residential Buildings (REBUS)
- 2006
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Research on solar combisystems for the Nordic and Baltic countries have been carried out. The aim was to develop competitive solar combisystems which are attractive to buyers and to educate experts in the solar heating field. The participants of the projects were the universities: Technical University of Denmark, Dalarna University, University of Oslo, Riga Technical University and Lund Institute of Technology, as well as the companies: Metro Therm A/S (Denmark), Velux A/S (Denmark), Solentek AB (Sweden), SolarNor (Norway) and SIA Grandeg (Latvia). The project included education, research, development and demonstration. The activities started in 2003 and were finished by the end of 2006. A number of Ph.D. studies in Denmark, Sweden and Latvia, and a post-doc. study in Norway were carried out. Close cooperation between the researchers and the industry partners ensured that the results of the projects can be utilized. The industry partners will soon be able to bring the developed systems into the market. In Denmark and Norway the research and development focused on solar heating/natural gas systems, and in Sweden and Latvia the focus was on solar heating/pellet systems. Additionally, Lund Institute of Technology and University of Oslo studied solar collectors of various types being integrated into the building.
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| 5. |
- Furbo, Simon, et al.
(författare)
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Nordic Energy Research Cooperation on Solar Combisystems
- 2006
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Ingår i: Eurosun 2006. - Glasgow, UK.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This paper describes ongoing research on solar combisystems for the Nordic and Baltic countries carried out within the projects "Competitive solar heating systems for residential buildings" and "Solar thermal components adapted to common building standards". The aim of the projects is to develop competitive solar combisystems which are attractive to buyers and to educate experts in the solar heating field.
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| 6. |
- Furbo, Simon, et al.
(författare)
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Solar thermal components adapted to common building standards (SCAS)
- 2006
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Pilot versions of a solar heating/natural gas burner system, of a solar heating/pellet burner system and of a façade/roof integrated polymeric collector have been installed in the summer of 2006 in a number of demonstration houses in Denmark, Sweden and Norway. These three new products have been evaluated by means of measurements of the thermal performance and energy savings of the pilot systems in practice and by means of a commercial evaluation. The conclusion of the evaluations is that the products are attractive for the industry partners METRO THERM A/S, Solentek and SOLARNOR. It is expected that the companies will bring the products into the market in 2007. Further, the results of the project have been presented atinternational and national congresses and seminars for the solar heating branch. The congresses and seminars attracted a lot of interested participants. Furthermore, the project results have been published in international congress papers as well as in national journals in the energy field. Consequently, the Nordic solar heating industry will benefit from the project.
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| 7. |
- Meir, Michaela, et al.
(författare)
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Facade integration of polymeric solar collectors
- 2005
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Ingår i: Northsun. - Vilnius.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The present paper examines building integrated solar collectors with absorbers of polymeric materials. Efficiency measurements of façade-integrated collectors with non-selective black and spectrally selective coloured absorbers are carried out. The performance of the polymeric absorber was compared with solar glass and polycarbonate twin-wall sheets as collector cover. Simulations demonstrate a high solar fraction for a solar combisystem with façade collectors for a well-insulated house in a Nordic climate. Two examples of house concepts with façade collectors are presented which address a new type of customer than the solar enthusiasts with special interest in renewable energy
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| 8. |
- Tyekucheva, Svitlana, et al.
(författare)
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Stromal and epithelial transcriptional map of initiation progression and metastatic potential of human prostate cancer
- 2017
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Ingår i: Nature Communications. - London, United Kingdom : Nature Publishing Group. - 2041-1723. ; 8:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- While progression from normal prostatic epithelium to invasive cancer is driven by molecular alterations, tumor cells and cells in the cancer microenvironment are co-dependent and co-evolve. Few human studies to date have focused on stroma. Here, we performed gene expression profiling of laser capture microdissected normal non-neoplastic prostate epithelial tissue and compared it to non-transformed and neoplastic low-grade and high-grade prostate epithelial tissue from radical prostatectomies, each with its immediately surrounding stroma. Whereas benign epithelium in prostates with and without tumor were similar in gene expression space, stroma away from tumor was significantly different from that in prostates without cancer. A stromal gene signature reflecting bone remodeling and immune-related pathways was upregulated in high compared to low-Gleason grade cases. In validation data, the signature discriminated cases that developed metastasis from those that did not. These data suggest that the microenvironment may influence prostate cancer initiation, maintenance, and metastatic progression.Stromal cells contribute to tumor development but the mechanisms regulating this process are still unclear. Here the authors analyze gene expression profiles in the prostate and show that stromal gene signature changes ahead of the epithelial gene signature as prostate cancer initiates and progresses.
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