| 1. |
- Atkins, Isabelle, et al.
(författare)
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Transcriptome-Wide Association Study Identifies New Candidate Susceptibility Genes for Glioma
- 2019
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Ingår i: Cancer Research. - : American Association for Cancer Research. - 0008-5472 .- 1538-7445. ; 79:8, s. 2065-2071
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have so far identified 25 loci associated with glioma risk, with most showing specificity for either glioblastoma (GBM) or non-GBM tumors. The majority of these GWAS susceptibility variants reside in noncoding regions and the causal genes underlying the associations are largely unknown. Here we performed a transcriptome-wide association study to search for novel risk loci and candidate causal genes at known GWAS loci using Genotype-Tissue Expression Project (GTEx) data to predict cis-predicted gene expression in relation to GBM and non-GBM risk in conjunction with GWAS summary statistics on 12,488 glioma cases (6,183 GBM and 5,820 non-GBM) and 18,169 controls. Imposing a Bonferroni-corrected significance level of P < 5.69 x 10(-6), candidate novel risk locus for GBM (mean Z = 4.43; P = 5.68 x 10(-6)). GALNT6 resides at least 55 Mb away from any previously identified glioma risk variant, while all other 30 significantly associated genes were located within 1 Mb of known GWAS-identified loci and were not significant after conditioning on the known GWAS-identified variants. These data identify a novel locus (GALNT6 at 12q13.33) and 30 genes at 12 known glioma risk loci associated with glioma risk, providing further insights into glioma tumorigenesis.Significance: This study identifies new genes associated with glioma risk, increasing understanding of how these tumors develop.
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| 2. |
- Baskaran, Karthikeyan, Senior Lecturer, 1983-, et al.
(författare)
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Swedish version of the Massof activity inventory to measure vision-related activity difficulties among patients with nAMD
- 2024
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Ingår i: Acta Ophthalmol, vol 102, issue S279: Special Issue:Abstracts from the 2023 European Association for Vision and Eye Research Festival, 26‐28 October 2023, Valencia. - : John Wiley & Sons.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims/Purpose: The aim of this study was to assess vision-related activity difficulties among patients with neovascular AMD using a Swedish version of the mass of activity inventory (MAI). Methods: Participants were patients diagnosed with neovascular AMD receiving treatment for the disease in a hospital in southeast Sweden. Participants completed the Swedish version of the MAI questionnaire. MAI can be used to measure the overall visual ability and visual ability in 4 functional domains: reading, mobility, visual motor function and visual information processing. Best corrected distance and near visual acuity (VA) were also measured. Results: Among the 196 participants (mean age=78.5 years, SD=7.67, 66% female) the median VA in the better seeing eye was 0.18 logMAR (IQR=?0.34), and in the worse eye was 0.54 logMAR (IQR=0.98). The median visual ability for all participants was 1.92 logits (IQR=2.69). There was a significant negative correlation between distance VA in the better eye and visual ability (rho=0.4025, p<0.01). Using ROC curves, we tested the capacity of the MAI to detect cases of any vision impairment (VA worse than 0.3 logMAR in the better seeing eye), the area under the curve (AUC) was 0.717 (95% CI=0.643 - 0.791 p<0.001). When we tested for detection of moderate vision impairment (VA worse than 0.5 logMAR in the better seeing eye) the AUC was 0.738 (95% CI=0.648 - 0.829 p?<0.001). Conclusions: The results indicate that the Swedish version of the MAI produce measures of visual ability that are consistent with clinical measures among patients with nAMD. The Swedish version of the MAI can be used as outcome measure in interventions for people with nAMD.References1. Macedo, A.F. et al. Predictors of problems reported on the EQ-5D-3L dimensions among people with impaired vision in northern Portugal. Health Qual Life Outcomes 2022; 20: 132.
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| 3. |
- Bertilsson, I., et al.
(författare)
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Measurement properties of the Body Awareness Scale Movement Quality (BAS MQ) in persons on the autism spectrum : A preliminary Rasch analysis
- 2024
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Ingår i: Journal of Bodywork & Movement Therapies. - : Churchill Livingstone. - 1360-8592 .- 1532-9283. ; 38, s. 464-473
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Persons on the autism spectrum exhibit poorer body awareness than neurotypical persons. Since movement quality may be regarded as an expression of body awareness, assessment of movement quality is important. Sound assessments of measurement properties are essential if reliable decisions about body awareness interventions for persons on the autism spectrum are to be made, but there is insufficient research. Objective: To assess measurement properties of the Body Awareness Scale Movement Quality (BAS MQ) in an autism and a neurotypical reference group. Methods: Persons on the autism spectrum (n=108) and neurotypical references (n=32) were included. All were assessed with BAS MQ. Data were analyzed according to the Rasch model. Results: BAS MQ was found to have acceptable unidimensionality, supported by the fit statistics. The hierarchical ordering showed that coordination ability was the most difficult, followed by stability and relating. Response category functioning worked as intended for 19 out of 23 items. There were few difficult items, which decreased targeting. Reliability measures were good. BAS MQ discriminated between the autism and the reference groups, with the autism group exhibiting poorer movement quality, reflecting clinical observations and previous research. Conclusions: BAS MQ was found to have acceptable measurement properties, though suffering from problems with targeting item difficulty to person ability for persons on the autism spectrum. The BAS MQ may, along with experienced movement quality, contribute to clinically relevant information of persons on the autism spectrum, although we encourage refinements and further analyses to improve its measurement properties.
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| 4. |
- Bing-Jonsson, P. C., et al.
(författare)
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The Ms. Olsen test: Measurement properties of a short test of nursing staffs' competence in clinical decision-making
- 2021
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Ingår i: Journal of Advanced Nursing. - : Wiley. - 0309-2402 .- 1365-2648. ; 77:10, s. 4268-4278
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims To assess the measurement properties of the Ms. Olsen test for registered nurses and assistant nurses, respectively, and suggest cut-off points between competence levels. Design Cross-sectional study. The results were analysed by implementing the Rasch Measurement Theory. Methods Nursing staff working in various health care settings participated (n = 757). To measure the competence of nursing staff in clinical decision-making, a 19-item scale from the Nursing Older People-Competence Evaluation Tool-the 'Ms. Olsen test'-was used. Data were collected in October 2017, 2018 and 2019. Results The Ms. Olsen test showed reasonably good measurement properties for registered nurses and assistant nurses respectively. Results show slightly better measurement properties for registered nurses than for assistant nurses. The cut-off for registered nurses, 0.62, corresponds to managing approximately two-thirds of the items while, for assistant nurses, the cut-off of 0.01 corresponds to managing approximately half of the items. Conclusion The Ms. Olsen test is a short (7- to 10-min) test measuring competence in clinical decision-making among nursing staff working in older people nursing. Despite reasonably good measurement properties, this should be considered an initial validation in the development of a short test for assessing clinical decision-making among nursing staff in various health care setting. Impact Several scales aiming to measure nursing competence have been developed over the last decade, but measurement properties (beyond classical test theory) are seldom evaluated, few scales concern other staff groups than registered nurses and few scales have proposed or established cut-offs for safe practice. The Ms. Olsen test is a short test of clinical decision-making that demonstrates reasonably good measurement properties. Cut-off points for registered nurses and assistant nurses were established. The Ms. Olsen test may be used to measure and evaluate competence in clinical decision-making among nursing staff working in older people nursing and educational settings.
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| 5. |
- Cano, Stefan, et al.
(författare)
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Towards consensus measurement standards for patient-centered outcomes
- 2019
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Ingår i: Measurement. - : Elsevier BV. - 0263-2241. ; 141, s. 62-69
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Patient centered outcomes pertain to a patient's beliefs, opinions and needs in conjunction with a clinician's medical expertise and assessment. The rise of patient-centered outcome (PCO) measurement parallels increased interest in patient-centered care. PCO measures offer the opportunity for more meaningful measurement of health outcomes informative enough to guide treatment decisions. However, it has been suggested that, for practical and scientific reasons, existing PCO measures are currently not capable of delivering the kind of quality assured measurement required for high-stakes decision making. Potential solutions include: addressing the lack of units in PCO measurement through recourse to mathematical models devised to define meaningful, invariant, and additive units of measurement with known uncertainties; establishing coordinated international networks of key stakeholders guided by five principles (i.e., collaboration, alignment, integration, innovation and communication); better use of technology leveraging measurement through item banks linking PCO reports via common items, common patients, or specification equations based in strong explanatory theory. And finally ensuring PCO measurement always is associated with: (1) a clear definition of the measurand in regards to the intended clinical use; (2) a clear definition of the clinically allowable error of measurement; (3) international cooperation and consensus to navigate the complexities of the development of metrologically sound reference measurement systems; and (4) continued clinical validation of newly calibrated measures. In this article, we illustrate the principles to improve PCO measures with examples from breast cancer, vision-related patient-reported outcome measures, and dementia clinician-reported and performance outcome measures.
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| 6. |
- Danielsson, Louise, 1979, et al.
(författare)
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Measurement properties of the Swedish clinical outcomes in routine evaluation outcome measures (CORE-OM) : Rasch analysis and short version for depressed and anxious out-patients in a multicultural area
- 2022
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Ingår i: Health and Quality of Life Outcomes. - : NLM (Medline). - 1477-7525 .- 1477-7525. ; 20:1, s. 30-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- INTRODUCTION: The Swedish version of the patient-reported Clinical Outcomes in Routine Evaluation Outcome Measures (CORE-OM) has demonstrated high reliability and acceptable convergent validity in explanatory factor analyses. However, the fundamental scale properties have not yet been validated according to item response theory. The aim of this study was to analyze the measurement properties of the Swedish CORE-OM in a cohort of psychiatric out-patients with depression and anxiety in a multicultural area and to explore combinations of items based on shorter versions of the scale (CORE-10, CORE-6D) to improve measurement properties. METHODS: Data from CORE-OM assessments of 337 patients were analyzed using Rasch analysis. The patients had a mean age of 30 ± 14 years, the majority were women (72%). Requirements for measurement properties were checked: overall model fit, item fit residuals, targeting, internal consistency, differential item functioning and thresholds. Sensitivity to change was also analyzed. RESULTS: The CORE-OM showed high internal consistency (person separation index = 0.947) and adequate targeting, but there was overall model misfit (item trait interaction χ2 = 917.53, p < 0.001), indication of local dependency, and differential item functioning in 9 items. The risk items showed problems with disordered thresholds. The emotional component of the shorter CORE-6D showed the best fit for our sample. Adding 3 items to include depressive and trauma-related content resulted in a unidimensional 8-item set with acceptable reliability, model fit, targeting and sensitivity to change. CONCLUSION: For out-patients with diagnosed depression or anxiety in a multicultural area, the Swedish CORE-OM showed high internal consistency, but also validity problems. Based on the shorter CORE-6D version, a unidimensional 8-item set could be an alternative brief measure of psychological distress for this population, but further validity studies are required. Qualitative studies exploring the CORE-OM items in non-native speakers are also warranted. © 2022. The Author(s).
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| 7. |
- Dannapfel, Petra, et al.
(författare)
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A Self-help Tool to Facilitate Implementation of eHealth Initiatives in Health Care (E-Ready) : Formative Evaluation
- 2022
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Ingår i: JMIR Formative Research. - : JMIR Publications Inc.. - 2561-326X. ; 6:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: eHealth interventions have the potential to increase the efficiency and effectiveness of health care. However, research has shown that implementing eHealth in routine health care practice is difficult. Organizational readiness to change has been shown to be central to successful implementation. This paper describes the development and formative evaluation of a generic self-help tool, E-Ready, designed to be used by managers, project leaders, or others responsible for implementation in a broad range of health care settings. Objective: The aim of this study is to develop and evaluate a tool that could facilitate eHealth implementation in, for example, health care. Methods: A first version of the tool was generated based on implementation theory (E-Ready 1.0). A formative evaluation was undertaken through expert panels (n=15), cognitive interviews (n=17), and assessment of measurement properties on E-Ready items from 3 different workplaces (n=165) using Rasch analyses. E-Ready 1.0 was also field tested among the target population (n=29). Iterative revisions were conducted during the formative evaluation process, and E-Ready 2.0 was generated. Results: The E-Ready Tool consists of a readiness assessment survey and a hands-on manual. The survey measures perceived readiness for change (willingness and capability) at individual and collective levels: perceived conditions for change at the workplace, perceived individual conditions for change, perceived support and engagement among management, perceived readiness among colleagues, perceived consequences on status quo, and perceived workplace attitudes. The manual contains a brief introduction, instructions on how to use the tool, information on the themes of E-Ready, instructions on how to create an implementation plan, brief advice for success, and tips for further reading on implementation theory. Rasch analyses showed overall acceptable measurement properties in terms of fit validity. The subscale Individual conditions for change (3 items) had the lowest person reliability (0.56), whereas Perceived consequences on status quo (5 items) had the highest person reliability (0.87). Conclusions: E-Ready 2.0 is a new self-help tool to guide implementation targeting health care provider readiness and engagement readiness ahead of eHealth initiatives in, for example, health care settings. E-Ready can be improved further to capture additional aspects of implementation; improvements can also be made by evaluating the tool in a larger sample.
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| 8. |
- Disney-Hogg, Linden, et al.
(författare)
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Impact of atopy on risk of glioma : a Mendelian randomisation study
- 2018
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Ingår i: BMC Medicine. - : BioMed Central. - 1741-7015. ; 16
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: An inverse relationship between allergies with glioma risk has been reported in several but not all epidemiological observational studies. We performed an analysis of genetic variants associated with atopy to assess the relationship with glioma risk using Mendelian randomisation (MR), an approach unaffected by biases from temporal variability and reverse causation that might have affected earlier investigations.Methods: Two-sample MR was undertaken using genome-wide association study data. We used single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with atopic dermatitis, asthma and hay fever, IgE levels, and self-reported allergy as instrumental variables. We calculated MR estimates for the odds ratio (OR) for each risk factor with glioma using SNP-glioma estimates from 12,488 cases and 18,169 controls, using inverse-variance weighting (IVW), maximum likelihood estimation (MLE), weighted median estimate (WME) and mode-based estimate (MBE) methods. Violation of MR assumptions due to directional pleiotropy were sought using MR-Egger regression and HEIDI-outlier analysis.Results: Under IVW, MLE, WME and MBE methods, associations between glioma risk with asthma and hay fever, self-reported allergy and IgE levels were non-significant. An inverse relationship between atopic dermatitis and glioma risk was found by IVW (OR 0.96, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.93-1.00, P = 0.041) and MLE (OR 0.96, 95% CI 0.94-0.99, P = 0.003), but not by WME (OR 0.96, 95% CI 0.91-1.01, P = 0.114) or MBE (OR 0.97, 95% CI 0.92-1.02, P = 0.194).Conclusions: Our investigation does not provide strong evidence for relationship between atopy and the risk of developing glioma, but findings do not preclude a small effect in relation to atopic dermatitis. Our analysis also serves to illustrate the value of using several MR methods to derive robust conclusions.
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| 9. |
- Disney-Hogg, Linden, et al.
(författare)
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Influence of obesity-related risk factors in the aetiology of glioma
- 2018
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Ingår i: British Journal of Cancer. - : Nature Publishing Group. - 0007-0920 .- 1532-1827. ; 118:7, s. 1020-1027
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Obesity and related factors have been implicated as possible aetiological factors for the development of glioma in epidemiological observation studies. We used genetic markers in a Mendelian randomisation framework to examine whether obesity-related traits influence glioma risk. This methodology reduces bias from confounding and is not affected by reverse causation. METHODS: Genetic instruments were identified for 10 key obesity-related risk factors, and their association with glioma risk was evaluated using data from a genome-wide association study of 12,488 glioma patients and 18,169 controls. The estimated odds ratio of glioma associated with each of the genetically defined obesity-related traits was used to infer evidence for a causal relationship. RESULTS: No convincing association with glioma risk was seen for genetic instruments for body mass index, waist-to-hip ratio, lipids, type-2 diabetes, hyperglycaemia or insulin resistance. Similarly, we found no evidence to support a relationship between obesity-related traits with subtypes of glioma-glioblastoma (GBM) or non-GBM tumours. CONCLUSIONS: This study provides no evidence to implicate obesity-related factors as causes of glioma.
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| 10. |
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