| 1. |
- Berkenstam, Anders, et al.
(författare)
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The thyroid hormone mimetic compound KB2115 lowers plasma LDL cholesterol and stimulates bile acid synthesis without cardiac effects in humans
- 2008
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. - : Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. - 0027-8424 .- 1091-6490. ; 105:2, s. 663-667
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease is a major problem despite the availability of drugs that influence major risk factors. New treatments are needed, and there is growing interest in therapies that may have multiple actions. Thyroid hormone modulates several cardiovascular risk factors and delays atherosclerosis progression in humans. However, use of thyroid hormone is limited by side effects, especially in the heart. To overcome this limitation, pharmacologically selective thyromimetics that mimic metabolic effects of thyroid hormone and bypass side effects are under development. In animal models, such thyromimetics have been shown to stimulate cholesterol elimination through LDL and HDL pathways and decrease body weight without eliciting side effects. We report here studies on a selective thyromimetic [KB2115, (3-[[3,5-dibromo-4- [4-hydroxy-3-(1-methylethyl)-phenoxy]-phenyl]-amino]-3-oxopropanoic acid)] in humans. In moderately overweight and hypercholesterolemic subjects KB2115 was found to be safe and well tolerated and elicited up to a 40% lowering of total and LDL cholesterol after 14 days of treatment. Bile acid synthesis was stimulated without evidence of increased cholesterol production, indicating that KB2115 induced net cholesterol excretion. KB2115 did not provoke detectable effects on the heart, suggesting that the pharmacological selectivity observed in animal models translates to humans. Thus, selective thyromimetics deserve further study as agents to treat dyslipidemia and other risk factors for atherosclerosis. © 2007 by The National Academy of Sciences of the USA.
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| 3. |
- Fasth, Oskar, et al.
(författare)
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Age in relation to comorbidity and outcome in patients with high-risk TIA or minor ischemic stroke : A Swedish national observational study
- 2021
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Ingår i: European Stroke Journal. - : Sage Publications. - 2396-9873 .- 2396-9881. ; 6:1, s. 53-61
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: Recent trials report positive results for preventing vascular events with dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) in patients with high-risk TIA or minor ischemic stroke. We aimed to investigate this population regarding influence of age on vascular risk factors, hospital stay and mortality.Patients and methods: Data on patients aged 40-100 years with TIA or ischemic stroke in the Swedish Stroke Register during 2012-13 were linked with national registers. To identify patients with high-risk TIA (ABCD(2) >= 6) or minor ischemic stroke (NIHSS <= 5) eligible for DAPT, we excluded patients with atrial fibrillation, anticoagulant use, prior major bleeding, or unknown stroke severity.Findings: We identified 10,053 potential DAPT-candidates (mean age 72.6 years, 45.2% female, 16.4% with TIA). With advancing age, most vascular risk factors increased. Antiplatelet treatment increased from 31.9% before the event to 95.5% after discharge. Within 1 year following index event, the proportion of patients with >= 1 re-admission increased with age (29.2% in 40-64 year-olds; 47.2% in 85-100 year-olds). All-cause death per 100 person-years was 6.9 (95% CI 6.4-7.4) within 1 year, and highest in the first 30 days (15.2; 95% CI 12.8-18.2). For each year of increased age, the risk of death increased with 3.5% (p = 0.128) in patients 40-64 years and with 11.8% (p < 0.001) in those >= 85 years.Conclusions: While in theory representing a subset of patients with mild injury, our observational study highlights substantial use of health-care resources and high mortality rates among patients with high-risk TIA or minor ischemic stroke assumed eligible for DAPT.
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| 4. |
- Haghsheno, Mohammad-Ali, et al.
(författare)
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Low 25-OH Vitamin D Level is Associated with Benign Prostatic Enlargement (BPE).
- 2013
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Ingår i: The Journal of urology. - : Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health). - 1527-3792 .- 0022-5347. ; 190:2, s. 608-614
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PURPOSE: To test the hypothesis that low levels of vitamin D were associated with Benign Prostatic Enlargement (BPE). We also studied whether body composition, sex hormones, serum SHBG, albumin corrected serum calcium, adiponectin and lipid statuses were associated with BPE. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 184 representative randomly selected men aged 72 - 76 years, enrolled in the Gothenburg arm of the MrOs study, were investigated. Men with a medical history of prostate cancer, prostate operation or medication for BPE were excluded leaving 155 men to be analyzed. A cross-sectional study was conducted in which BPE, as measured by the total prostate gland volume, was related to clinical, anthropometric, endocrine and metabolic factors, using univariate and multivariate analyses with regression models. RESULTS: The median prostate volume was 40 ml. In multivariate models only 25-OH vitamin D, albumin corrected serum calcium, serum SHBG and HDL-cholesterol were significantly and inversely associated with large prostate glands. CONCLUSION: The present report adds four independent factors associated with BPE: Low levels of 25-OH vitamin D, serum calcium, SHBG and HDL-cholesterol.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Hammarsten, J, et al.
(författare)
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HYPOADIPONECTINEMI – A RISK FACTOR FOR BENIGN PROSTATIC HYPERPLASIA
- 2009
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Ingår i: International Congress on Prediabetes and the Metabolic Syndrome.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- HYPOADIPONECTINEMI – A RISK FACTOR FOR BENIGN PROSTATIC HYPERPLASIA Authors: J Hammarsten1, C J Behre2, J-E Damber3, T Knutson3, R Peeker3, D Mellström 4 (1)Skaraborg Hospital, Department of Urology, Skövde, Sweden, (2) Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Institute of Internal Medicine, Göteborg, Sweden, (3) Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Department of Urology, Göteborg, Sweden, (3) Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Center for bone research at the Sahlgrenska Academy, Department of Internal Medicine, Göteborg, Sweden Hypoadiponectinemi has recently been shown to be related to the metabolic syndrome. Our group has over the last 15 years suggested that benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a component of the metabolic syndrome. In our reports we have found that 19 out of 21 conditions that are associated to the metabolic syndrome also were risk factors for BPH. The aim of the present study was to investigate the correlation between serum adiponectin levels and BPH. Given the strong correlation between BPH and the metabolic syndrome, it could be hypothesized that there is a statistical significant inverse correlation between the prostate gland volume and the circulating adiponectin levels. Material and methods: One thousand representative men, aged 72 – 76 years, living in Göteborg, Sweden involved in the Mr Os study were recruited. The Mr Os study is an international study of male osteoporosis. In 184 men, a subgroup of the total population, the prostate gland volume was determined. Serum adiponectin was determined using human adiponectin ELISA kit. Results: Men, previously diagnosed with prostate cancer or having had a prostate operation, were excluded after which 157 men remained. The mean prostate gland volume was 46 ml (13 – 139 ml). The mean adiponectin level was 11.2+5.7µg/mL(SD). Using univariate analysis, adiponectin correlated inversely with the prostate gland volume (R=-158, P=0.0481). Using multivariate analysis, adjusting for insulin, glucose and trunk fat mass, adiponectin did not come out statistically significantly. In the total material, adiponectin correlated inversely with insulin (R=-0.340, P<0.0001), glucose (R=-0.186, P<0.0001), BMI (R=-0.271, P<0.0001, trunk fat mass (R=-0.315, P<0.0001) and lean body mass (R=-0.185, P<0.0001). Conclusion: Our data show for the first time that hypoadiponectinemi is a risk factor for BPH. This is in conjunction with our suggestion that BPH is a component of the metabolic syndrome. Our data also confirm that hypoadiponectinemi is related to the metabolic syndrome.
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Lindahl, Katarina, et al.
(författare)
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Heterozygosity for a coding SNP in COL1A2 confers a lower BMD and an increased stroke risk.
- 2009
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Ingår i: Biochemical and biophysical research communications. - : Elsevier BV. - 1090-2104 .- 0006-291X. ; 384:4, s. 501-5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Genetic variation plays an important role in osteoporosis and a prime candidate gene is Collagen alpha2(I) (COL1A2). A coding polymorphism (rs42524) in COL1A2 has previously been associated with intracranial aneurysms. Here the effects of this polymorphism have been studied in relation to bone mineral density (BMD) and prevalences of stroke and myocardial infarction (MI). rs42524 was genotyped in elderly men (n = 2004) from the Swedish MrOS cohort. Genotypes were analysed for association to BMD and certain health parameters. Significant associations (overall P < 0.05), were observed between rs42524 genotype and BMD at several skeletal sites. Surprisingly, the heterozygote genotype class exhibited lower BMD than either homozygote group. When subjects were classified as heterozygotes or homozygotes, the heterozygous genotype was found to confer a lower BMD at total hip, femoral neck and trochanter Furthermore, the heterozygote genotype had an increased risk of stroke and MI, with population Attributable Risks being 0.12 and 0.08, respectively.
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| 9. |
- Mellström, Carl, 1975, et al.
(författare)
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Crowding Out in Blood Donation: Was Titmuss Right?
- 2005
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In his seminal 1970 book, The Gift Relationship, Richard Titmuss argued that monetary compensation for donating blood might crowd out the supply of blood donors. To test this claim we carry out a field experiment with three different treatments. In the first treatment subjects are given the opportunity to become blood donors without any compensation. In the second treatment subjects receive a payment of SEK 50 (≈ $7) for becoming blood donors, and in the third treatment subjects can choose between a SEK 50 payment and donating SEK 50 to charity. The results differ markedly between men and women. For men the supply of blood donors is not significantly different among the three experimental groups. For women there is a significant crowding out effect. The supply of blood donors decreases by almost half when a monetary payment is introduced. There is also a significant effect of allowing individuals to donate the payment to charity, and this effect fully counteracts the crowding out effect.
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| 10. |
- Mellström, Carl, 1975
(författare)
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Crowding Out in Blood Donation: Was Titmuss Right?
- 2008
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Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In his seminal 1970 book, The Gift Relationship, Richard Titmuss argued that monetary compensation for donating blood might crowd out the supply of blood donors. To test this claim we carry out a field experiment with three different treatments. In the first treatment subjects are given the opportunity to become blood donors without any compensation. In the second treatment subjects receive a payment of SEK 50 (about $7) for becoming blood donors, and in the third treatment subjects can choose between a SEK 50 payment and donating SEK 50 to charity. The results differ markedly between men and women. For men the supply of blood donors is not significantly different among the three experimental groups. For women there is a significant crowding out effect. The supply of blood donors decreases by almost half when a monetary payment is introduced. There is also a significant effect of allowing individuals to donate the payment to charity, and this effect fully counteracts the crowding out effect.
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