| 1. |
- Campanini, Isabella, et al.
(författare)
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Fundamental Concepts of Bipolar and High-Density Surface EMG Understanding and Teaching for Clinical, Occupational, and Sport Applications: Origin, Detection, and Main Errors
- 2022
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Ingår i: Sensors. - : MDPI AG. - 1424-8220. ; 22:11
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Surface electromyography (sEMG) has been the subject of thousands of scientific articles, but many barriers limit its clinical applications. Previous work has indicated that the lack of time, competence, training, and teaching is the main barrier to the clinical application of sEMG. This work follows up and presents a number of analogies, metaphors, and simulations using physical and mathematical models that provide tools for teaching sEMG detection by means of electrode pairs (1D signals) and electrode grids (2D and 3D signals). The basic mechanisms of sEMG generation are summarized and the features of the sensing system (electrode location, size, interelectrode distance, crosstalk, etc.) are illustrated (mostly by animations) with examples that teachers can use. The most common, as well as some potential, applications are illustrated in the areas of signal presentation, gait analysis, the optimal injection of botulinum toxin, neurorehabilitation, ergonomics, obstetrics, occupational medicine, and sport sciences. The work is primarily focused on correct sEMG detection and on crosstalk. Issues related to the clinical transfer of innovations are also discussed, as well as the need for training new clinical and/or technical operators in the field of sEMG.
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| 2. |
- Merletti, Roberto, et al.
(författare)
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Tutorial. Surface EMG detection in space and time: Best practices
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1873-5711 .- 1050-6411. ; 49
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This tutorial is aimed to non-engineers using, or planning to use, surface electromyography (sEMG) as an assessment tool in the prevention, monitoring and rehabilitation fields. Its first purpose is to address the issues related to the origin and nature of the signal and to its detection (electrode size, distance, location) by one-dimensional (bipolar and linear arrays) and two-dimensional (grids) electrode systems while avoiding advanced mathematical, physical or physiological issues. Its second purpose is to outline best practices and provide general guidelines for proper signal detection. Issues related to the electrode-skin interface, signal conditioning and interpretation will be discussed in subsequent tutorials.
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