| 1. |
- Schael, S., et al.
(författare)
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Electroweak measurements in electron positron collisions at W-boson-pair energies at LEP
- 2013
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Ingår i: Physics Reports. - : Elsevier BV. - 0370-1573 .- 1873-6270. ; 532:4, s. 119-244
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Electroweak measurements performed with data taken at the electron positron collider LEP at CERN from 1995 to 2000 are reported. The combined data set considered in this report corresponds to a total luminosity of about 3 fb(-1) collected by the four LEP experiments ALEPH, DELPHI, 13 and OPAL, at centre-of-mass energies ranging from 130 GeV to 209 GeV. Combining the published results of the four LEP experiments, the measurements include total and differential cross-sections in photon-pair, fermion-pair and four-fermion production, the latter resulting from both double-resonant WW and ZZ production as well as singly resonant production. Total and differential cross-sections are measured precisely, providing a stringent test of the Standard Model at centre-of-mass energies never explored before in electron positron collisions. Final-state interaction effects in four-fermion production, such as those arising from colour reconnection and Bose Einstein correlations between the two W decay systems arising in WW production, are searched for and upper limits on the strength of possible effects are obtained. The data are used to determine fundamental properties of the W boson and the electroweak theory. Among others, the mass and width of the W boson, m(w) and Gamma(w), the branching fraction of W decays to hadrons, B(W -> had), and the trilinear gauge-boson self-couplings g(1)(Z), K-gamma and lambda(gamma), are determined to be: m(w) = 80.376 +/- 0.033 GeV Gamma(w) = 2.195 +/- 0.083 GeV B(W -> had) = 67.41 +/- 0.27% g(1)(Z) = 0.984(-0.020)(+0.018) K-gamma - 0.982 +/- 0.042 lambda(gamma) = 0.022 +/- 0.019. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 2. |
- Schael, S, et al.
(författare)
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Precision electroweak measurements on the Z resonance
- 2006
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Ingår i: Physics Reports. - : Elsevier BV. - 0370-1573 .- 1873-6270. ; 427:5-6, s. 257-454
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- We report on the final electroweak measurements performed with data taken at the Z resonance by the experiments operating at the electron-positron colliders SLC and LEP. The data consist of 17 million Z decays accumulated by the ALEPH, DELPHI, L3 and OPAL experiments at LEP, and 600 thousand Z decays by the SLID experiment using a polarised beam at SLC. The measurements include cross-sections, forward-backward asymmetries and polarised asymmetries. The mass and width of the Z boson, m(Z) and Gamma(Z), and its couplings to fermions, for example the p parameter and the effective electroweak mixing angle for leptons, are precisely measured: m(Z) = 91.1875 +/- 0.0021 GeV, Gamma(Z) = 2.4952 +/- 0.0023 GeV, rho(l) = 1.0050 +/- 0.0010, sin(2)theta(eff)(lept) = 0.23153 +/- 0.00016. The number of light neutrino species is determined to be 2.9840 +/- 0.0082, in agreement with the three observed generations of fundamental fermions. The results are compared to the predictions of the Standard Model (SM). At the Z-pole, electroweak radiative corrections beyond the running of the QED and QCD coupling constants are observed with a significance of five standard deviations, and in agreement with the Standard Model. Of the many Z-pole measurements, the forward-backward asymmetry in b-quark production shows the largest difference with respect to its SM expectation, at the level of 2.8 standard deviations. Through radiative corrections evaluated in the framework of the Standard Model, the Z-pole data are also used to predict the mass of the top quark, m(t) = 173(+10)(+13) GeV, and the mass of the W boson, m(W) = 80.363 +/- 0.032 GeV. These indirect constraints are compared to the direct measurements, providing a stringent test of the SM. Using in addition the direct measurements of m(t) and m(W), the mass of the as yet unobserved SM Higgs boson is predicted with a relative uncertainty of about 50% and found to be less than 285 GeV at 95% confidence level. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 3. |
- Walker, R. P., et al.
(författare)
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Design of an electromagnetic elliptical wiggler for ELETTRA
- 1998
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Ingår i: ; , s. 3527-3529
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The initial concept of the electromagnetic elliptical wiggler (EEW) for ELETTRA is a combination of a vertical permanent magnet to generate a wiggler field and a horizontal electromagnet to provide the possibility of switching the helicity of the X-ray radiation. The main aspects of the design of the EEW under construction for ELETTRA are discussed.
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| 4. |
- Forbicini, Martina, et al.
(författare)
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Multi-actor business models in the manufacturing industry. Exploring how first-tier suppliers transition towards circularity.
- 2022
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on New Business Models: Sustainable Business Model Challenges: Economic Recovery and Digital Transformation. - 9791221011883 ; , s. 221-225
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Adopting circular business models (CBM) represents a key lever for industry to address urgent global challenges. Prior research recognizes the need for systems thinking and collaboration, but existing CBM tools and methods often implicitly assume that the focal firm has direct access to end customers, usage data and end-of-life phases. However, upstream suppliers who lack this access often produce key components of the final product – particularly in manufacturing – and could thus be an impactful actor in driving circular solutions. We therefore aim to explore and explain how non-end-user-facing manufacturers, i.e. first-tier suppliers, drive CBM adoption through their value chain and stakeholder partners, and how existing CBM archetypes need to be extended for these novel constellations. For this purpose, we conduct an action research case study with a Swedish first-tier manufacturer who is starting to develop CBMs for its marine engine product lines which are currently sold in a linear fashion through boat manufacturers and dealers to end users. Expected results include an extended CBM canvas that accounts for CBM archetypes based on more complex value chain and stakeholder collaborations. By exploring how companies further upstream in the value chain initiate and build CBMs, we aim to advance and bridge knowledge on multi-actor CBMs and circular supply chains. We thereby hope to invite more research into how non-traditional actors can drive circular industry transitions.
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| 5. |
- Heldt, Lisa, et al.
(författare)
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Adopting business models for sustainability and digitalization. A process study of microlevel dynamics in an incumbent firm.
- 2022
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on New Business Models: Sustainable Business Model Challenges: Economic Recovery and Digital Transformation. - 9791221011883 ; , s. 440-445
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Incumbent firms face growing pressure to transform their business towards sustainability. However, business models for sustainability (BMfS) and circularity are grounded in fundamentally different institutional logic which, for incumbents, creates tensions with existing business models, structures and routines. How organizations manage tensions from conflicting logics is explored comprehensively in research on hybrid organizations and sustainable entrepreneurship – however, focusing on ventures already founded with sustainability-oriented/hybrid missions. It is unclear if and how such logic hybridization processes unfold in incumbents and what role digitalization plays. This research aims to explore and explain microfoundations of how involved actors (struggle to) make sense of BMfS in incumbents and how this is underpinned by broader shifts towards hybrid organizational logics. This longitudinal case study takes a process view (Langley, 2007, 1999), following a large manufacturer’s Swedish division where a team works towards implementing a BMfS grounded in circularity and digitalization while facing doubt and inertia. Triangulating interviews, observations and documents, we track internal processes as they unfold in real-time to study how actors experience and rationalize the BMfS and navigate emerging tensions. Preliminary findings suggest that BMfS trigger diverging interpretations from different logics and therefore cause tensions. Overcoming these benefits from external impulses (e.g. customer or management communication that legitimizes new logic element), finding third-party common denominators (e.g. emphasize BMfS’ digitalization element) and continuous exposure. Upon completion, this research will provide a process model of how microlevel dynamics shape BMfS adoption, while opening for future research on hybridity intersecting with sustainable entrepreneurship literature.
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| 6. |
- Iannelli, F, et al.
(författare)
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A damaged genome's transcriptional landscape through multilayered expression profiling around in situ-mapped DNA double-strand breaks
- 2017
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Ingår i: Nature communications. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2041-1723. ; 8, s. 15656-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Of the many types of DNA damage, DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) are probably the most deleterious. Mounting evidence points to an intricate relationship between DSBs and transcription. A cell system in which the impact on transcription can be investigated at precisely mapped genomic DSBs is essential to study this relationship. Here in a human cell line, we map genome-wide and at high resolution the DSBs induced by a restriction enzyme, and we characterize their impact on gene expression by four independent approaches by monitoring steady-state RNA levels, rates of RNA synthesis, transcription initiation and RNA polymerase II elongation. We consistently observe transcriptional repression in proximity to DSBs. Downregulation of transcription depends on ATM kinase activity and on the distance from the DSB. Our study couples for the first time, to the best of our knowledge, high-resolution mapping of DSBs with multilayered transcriptomics to dissect the events shaping gene expression after DSB induction at multiple endogenous sites.
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| 7. |
- Johnson, Emma, et al.
(författare)
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Filling Competency Gaps through Collaboration for Circularity : Insights from a gap exploiter business model
- 2022
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on New Business Models: Sustainable Business Model Challenges: Economic Recovery and Digital Transformation. - 9791221011883 ; , s. 376-381
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The implementation of circular initiatives requires certain capabilities and knowledge that traditional business models often lack, requiring new perspectives and external collaborations. This paper explores the competency needs and partnership dynamics of established companies collaborating for business model innovation for circularity through a case study of a gap exploiter business model, a company called GIAB, and three of its partners. Through the exploration of partner challenges and translation of such into specific needs, this paper matches GIAB’s competences to its partners’ circularity needs. Partners require key resources such as digital platforms, logistic networks, markets for reused goods, repair knowledge and skills, and collaborative values. These needs are provided through several collaboration mechanisms facilitated through information sharing that include joint planning, contractual practices, resource sharing and joint knowledge creation. GIAB’s value proposition to help partners to implement circular strategies is grounded in its configuration of competences that enables the capabilities needed to develop and facilitate circular solutions. The research provides a framework to identify and structure essential competences and associated capabilities for business model innovation for circularity. The examination of GIAB as a case study shows the value of a gap exploiter business model as a CBM itself, as well as a gap exploiter’s role in creating value by enabling other companies to implement circular initiatives.
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Negri, DRM, et al.
(författare)
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Protective efficacy of a multicomponent vector vaccine in cynomolgus monkeys after intrarectal simian immunodeficiency virus challenge
- 2004
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Ingår i: The Journal of general virology. - : Microbiology Society. - 0022-1317 .- 1465-2099. ; 85:Pt 5, s. 1191-1201
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We investigated the protective efficacy of a systemic triple vector (DNA/rSFV/rMVA)-based vaccine against mucosal challenge with pathogenic simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) in cynomolgus monkeys. Animals were immunized at week 0 with DNA (intradermally), at weeks 8 and 16 with recombinant Semliki Forest virus (rSFV, subcutaneously) and finally, at week 24, with recombinant modified vaccinia virus Ankara strain (rMVA, intramuscularly). Both DNA and recombinant viral vectors expressed a wide range of SIV proteins (Gag, Pol, Tat, Rev, Env and Nef). This immunization strategy elicited cell-mediated rather than humoral responses that were especially increased following the last boost. Upon intrarectal challenge with pathogenic SIVmac251, three of the four vaccinated monkeys dramatically abrogated virus load to undetectable levels up to 41 weeks after challenge. A major contribution to this vaccine effect appeared to be the T-cell-mediated immune response to vaccine antigens (Gag, Rev, Tat, Nef) seen in the early phase of infection in three of the four vaccinated monkeys. Indeed, the frequency of T-cells producing antigen-induced IFN-γ mirrored virus clearance in the vaccinated and protected monkeys. These results, reminiscent of the efficacy of live attenuated virus vaccines, suggest that vaccination with a combination of many viral antigens can induce a robust and stable vaccine-induced immunity able to abrogate virus replication.
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