| 1. |
- Aalto-Setälä, Katriina, et al.
(author)
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Genetic risk factors and ischemic cerebrovascular disease : role of common variation of the genes encoding apolipoproteins and angiotensin-converting enzyme
- 1998
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In: Annals of Medicine. - 0785-3890 .- 1365-2060. ; 30:2, s. 224-33
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- DNA polymorphisms in genes encoding apolipoproteins (apo) A-I, C-III, B and E and angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) have been proposed to be associated with the risk of coronary artery disease (CAD). We studied whether the same genetic markers would also be associated with the occurrence and extent of atherosclerosis in cervical arteries. DNA samples from 234 survivors of stroke or a transient ischaemic attack aged 60 years or less were examined. The presence of atherosclerosis was assessed using aortic arch angiograms. The SstI polymorphism of apoA-I/C-III gene locus, the XbaI polymorphism of apoB gene, common apoE phenotypes and the insertion/deletion polymorphism of the ACE gene were analysed. The allele frequencies of the apoA-I/C-III, apoB, apoE or ACE gene did not differ between the groups with (n = 148) or without (n = 85) cervical atherosclerosis. However, when patients with at least one apoE4 allele and one X2 allele of apoB were combined and compared with those without either of them (E2E3 or E3E3 and X1X1), a significant association with the presence of cervical atherosclerosis was found (P = 0.03). The patients having the E2E3 phenotype had a significantly elevated serum triglyceride level compared with those with the E3E3 phenotype (P = 0.03). Serum high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol was lower in the patients with the E2E3 phenotype than in those with the E3E3 and E3E4 (P = 0.01 and P = 0.06, respectively). The apoB or ACE genotypes were not significantly associated with serum lipid or lipoprotein levels. There was no association between the ACE gene polymorphism and the occurrence of hypertension. In conclusion, the interaction of common apoB and apoE alleles may increase the risk of atherosclerosis in cervical arteries.
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| 2. |
- Aittokoski, Timo, et al.
(author)
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Clustering aided approach for decision making in computationally expensive multiobjective optimization
- 2009
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In: Optimization Methods and Software. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1055-6788 .- 1029-4937. ; 24:2, s. 157-174
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Typically, industrial optimization problems need to be solved in an efficient, multiobjective and global manner, because they are often computationally expensive (as function values are typically based on simulations), they may contain multiple conflicting objectives, and they may have several local optima. Solving such problems may be challenging and time consuming when the aim is to find the most preferred Pareto optimal solution. In this study, we propose a method where we use an advanced clustering technique to reveal essential characteristics of the approximation of the Pareto optimal set, which has been generated beforehand. Thus, the decision maker (DM) is involved only after the most time consuming computation is finished. After the initiation phase, a moderate number of cluster prototypes projected to the Pareto optimal set is presented to the DM to be studied. This allows him/her to rapidly gain an overall understanding of the main characteristics of the problem without placing too much cognitive load on the DM. Furthermore, we also suggest some ways of applying our approach to different types of problems and demonstrate it with an example related to internal combustion engine design.
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| 3. |
- Aittokoski, Timo, et al.
(author)
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Cost Effective Simulation-Based Multiobjective Optimization in Performance of Internal Combustion Engine
- 2008
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In: Engineering optimization (Print). - : Informa UK Limited. - 0305-215X .- 1029-0273. ; 40:7, s. 593-612
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Solving real-life engineering problems requires often multiobjective, global, and efficient (in terms of objective function evaluations) treatment. In this study, we consider problems of this type by discussing some drawbacks of the current methods and then introduce a new population-based multiobjective optimization algorithm UPS-EMOA which produces a dense (not limited to the population size) approximation of the Pareto-optimal set in a computationally effective manner.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Aittokoski, Timo, et al.
(author)
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Efficient Evolutionary Method to Approximate the Pareto Optimal Set in Multiobjective Optimization
- 2008
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In: Proceedings of the International Conference on Engineering Optimization EngOpt 2008.
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Conference paper (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Solving real-life engineering problems requires often multiobjective, global and efficient (in terms of ob-jective function evaluations) treatment. In this study, we consider problems of this type by discussingsome drawbacks of the current methods and then introduce a new population based multiobjective op-timization algorithm which produces a dense (not limited to the population size) approximation of thePareto optimal set in a computationally effective manner.
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| 6. |
- Laukkanen, Timo, et al.
(author)
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Bilevel heat exchanger network synthesis with an interactive multi-objective optimization method
- 2012
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In: Applied Thermal Engineering. - : Elsevier BV. - 1359-4311 .- 1873-5606. ; 48, s. 301-316
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Heat exchanger network synthesis (HENS) has been an active research area for more than 40 years because well-designed heat exchanger networks enable heat recovery in process industries in an energy-and cost-efficient manner. Due to ever increasing global competition and need to decrease the harmful effects done on the environment, there still is a continuous need to improve the heat exchanger networks and their synthesizing methods. In this work we present a HENS method that combines an interactive multi-objective optimization method with a simultaneous bilevel HENS method, where the bilevel part of the method is based on grouping of process streams and building aggregate streams from the grouped streams. This is done in order to solve medium-sized industrial HENS problems efficiently with good final solutions. The combined method provides an opportunity to solve HENS problems efficiently also regarding computing effort and at the same time optimizing all the objectives of HENS simultaneously and in a genuine multi-objective manner without using weighting factors. This enables the designer or decision maker to be in charge of the design procedure and guide the search into areas that the decision maker is most interested in. Two examples are solved with the proposed method. The purpose of the first example is to help in illustrating the steps in the overall method. The second example is obtained from the literature.
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| 7. |
- Marabita, Francesco, et al.
(author)
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Multiomics and digital monitoring during lifestyle changes reveal independent dimensions of human biology and health
- 2022
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In: Cell Systems. - : Cell Press. - 2405-4712 .- 2405-4720. ; 13:3, s. 241-255.e7
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We explored opportunities for personalized and predictive health care by collecting serial clinical measurements, health surveys, genomics, proteomics, autoantibodies, metabolomics, and gut microbiome data from 96 individuals who participated in a data-driven health coaching program over a 16-month period with continuous digital monitoring of activity and sleep. We generated a resource of >20,000 biological samples from this study and a compendium of >53 million primary data points for 558,032 distinct features. Multiomics factor analysis revealed distinct and independent molecular factors linked to obesity, diabetes, liver function, cardiovascular disease, inflammation, immunity, exercise, diet, and hormonal effects. For example, ethinyl estradiol, a common oral contraceptive, produced characteristic molecular and physiological effects, including increased levels of inflammation and impact on thyroid, cortisol levels, and pulse, that were distinct from other sources of variability observed in our study. In total, this work illustrates the value of combining deep molecular and digital monitoring of human health. A record of this paper's transparent peer review process is included in the supplemental information.
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| 8. |
- Miettinen, Kaisa, 1965-, et al.
(author)
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Efficient Evolutionary Approach to Approximate the Pareto Optimal Set in Multiobjective Optimization, UPS-EMOA
- 2010
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In: Optimization Methods and Software. - : Taylor & Francis. - 1055-6788 .- 1029-4937. ; 25:6, s. 841-858
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Solving real-life engineering problems requires often multiobjective, global, and efficient (in terms of objective function evaluations) treatment. In this study, we consider problems of this type by discussing some drawbacks of the current methods and then introduce a new population-based multiobjective optimization algorithm UPS-EMOA which produces a dense (not limited to the population size) approximation of the Pareto-optimal set in a computationally effective manner.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Niemelä, Matti, et al.
(author)
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Randomized Comparison of Final Kissing Balloon Dilatation Versus No Final Kissing Balloon Dilatation in Patients With Coronary Bifurcation Lesions Treated With Main Vessel Stenting : The nordic-baltic bifurcation study III
- 2011
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In: Circulation. - 0009-7322 .- 1524-4539. ; 123:1, s. 79-86
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background-It is unknown whether the preferred 1-stent bifurcation stenting approach with stenting of the main vessel (MV) and optional side branch stenting using drug-eluting stents should be finalized by a kissing balloon dilatation (FKBD). Therefore, we compared strategies of MV stenting with and without FKBD. Methods and Results-We randomized 477 patients with a bifurcation lesion to FKBD (n=238) or no FKBD (n=239) after MV stenting. The primary end point was major adverse cardiac events: cardiac death, non-procedure-related index lesion myocardial infarction, target lesion revascularization, or stent thrombosis within 6 months. The 6-month major adverse cardiac event rates were 2.1% and 2.5% (P=1.00) in the FKBD and no-FKBD groups, respectively. Procedure and fluoroscopy times were longer and more contrast media was needed in the FKBD group than in the no-FKBD group. Three hundred twenty-six patients had a quantitative coronary assessment. At 8 months, the rate of binary (re) stenosis in the entire bifurcation lesion (MV and side branch) was 11.0% versus 17.3% (P=0.11), in the MV was 3.1% versus 2.5% (P=0.68), and in the side branch was 7.9% versus 15.4% (P=0.039) in the FKBD versus no-FKBD groups, respectively. In patients with true bifurcation lesions, the side branch restenosis rate was 7.6% versus 20.0% (P=0.024) in the FKBD and no-FKBD groups, respectively. Conclusions-MV stenting strategies with and without FKBD were associated with similar clinical outcomes. FKBD reduced angiographic side branch (re) stenosis, especially in patients with true bifurcation lesions. The simple no-FKBD procedures resulted in reduced use of contrast media and shorter procedure and fluoroscopy times. Long-term data on stent thrombosis are needed. Clinical Trial Registration-URL: http://clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT00914199. (Circulation. 2011;123:79-86.)
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