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- Benner, Mats, et al.
(författare)
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Beyond Neoliberalized Research : From Auditing to reflexive Governance
- 2023
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Ingår i: Universities under Neoliberalism : Ideologies, Discourses and Management Practices - Ideologies, Discourses and Management Practices. - New York : Routledge. - 9781032159294 - 9781003246367 ; , s. 10-25
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- For many years, universities represented the ultimate outpost for professional autonomy in Western democracies. Despite little insight into the professional practices of scholars or administrators, governments provided the academic profession with extensive discretion, including the freedom to regulate qualifications for positions, terms for promotion, quality standards, goals, performance indicators and financial budgets. This freedom has become increasingly conditioned and strained during recent decades. Governments have commissioned universities to act like corporations to compete for funding, questioned established goals and performance indicators and enforced new market-based ideas in new governance models. These ideas, commonly described as “New Public Management,” include reforms to promote “academic excellence”, relevance of research outputs to policy-makers and practitioners, and high numbers of graduated students. In all, this has challenged the professional autonomy that previously was taken for granted and resulted in a changing professional practice at universities, largely inspired by a business ethos. Increasingly, however, governments have started to investigate alternative governance and leadership models, providing increased autonomy to the local levels and building on the intrinsic motivation of publicly employed professionals. This chapter describes and discusses Swedish experiences from a new approach to quality enhancement at universities, aiming to reduce the need for external control and strengthen the academic profession, while at the same time meeting external expectations with regard to transparency and performance. In its ideal form, the approach exemplifies, we argue, a shift from a top-down approach to quality assessment, to a trust-based bottom-up process, building on the judgement of academic professionals themselves.
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| 4. |
- Berggren, Sofia, et al.
(författare)
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ProQ-dependent activation of Salmonella virulence genes mediated by post-transcriptional control of PhoP synthesis
- 2024
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Ingår i: mSphere. - : American Society for Microbiology. - 2379-5042. ; 9:3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Gastrointestinal disease caused by Salmonella enterica is associated with the pathogen's ability to replicate within epithelial cells and macrophages. Upon host cell entry, the bacteria express a type-three secretion system encoded within Salmonella pathogenicity island 2, through which host-manipulating effector proteins are secreted to establish a stable intracellular niche. Transcription of this intracellular virulence program is activated by the PhoPQ two-component system that senses the low pH and the reduced magnesium concentration of host cell vacuoles. In addition to transcriptional control, Salmonella commonly employ RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) and small regulatory RNAs (sRNAs) to regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. ProQ is a globally acting RBP in Salmonella that promotes expression of the intracellular virulence program, but its RNA repertoire has previously been characterized only under standard laboratory growth conditions. Here, we provide a high-resolution ProQ interactome during conditions mimicking the environment of the Salmonella-containing vacuole (SCV), revealing hundreds of previously unknown ProQ binding sites in sRNAs and mRNA 3 ' UTRs. ProQ positively affected both the levels and the stability of many sRNA ligands, some of which were previously shown to associate with the well-studied and infection-relevant RBP Hfq. We further show that ProQ activates the expression of PhoP at the post-transcriptional level, which, in turn, leads to upregulation of the intracellular virulence program.
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- Bergvall, Anders, 1981, et al.
(författare)
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Basic Theory of Electron Transport Through Molecular Contacts
- 2016
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Ingår i: Handbook of Single-Molecule Electronics. - 9789814463393 ; , s. 31-78
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In this chapter, we will introduce a basic theoretical description of coherent electron transport through low-dimensional junctions and molecular devices. The description introduced is based on quantum transport theory using a tight-binding description of molecules and lead materials. We apply this theory in a few worked examples on junctions based on graphene and carbon nanotubes and on molecular-superconducting hybrid junctions.
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- Björk, Elisabeth, et al.
(författare)
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Fibre-based strength aids for increased board stiffness
- 2019
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Ingår i: PaperCon 2019. - : TAPPI Press.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- A pilot scale study has been made of the concept of adding fibre-based strength agents (fines enriched (FE)-pulp or highly refined (HR)-pulp) in a board middle ply containing chemithermomechanical bleached pulp (CTMP) in order to increase bending stiffness of the board while maintaining Z-strength. It has been demonstrated that the bending stiffness of a sheet consisting of a top ply and a CTMP based middle ply could be improved by increasing the CTMP fraction and preventing Z-strength loss via addition of a fibre based strength agent. Compared with the reference pulp, both Z-strength and bulk increased for three of the compositions, namely 65% CTMP with 5% strength agent of either FE or HR type and 85% CTMP with 10% HR-pulp. FE-pulp was found to be more efficient than HR-pulp concerning bending stiffness improvement. While the highly-refined fibres of the strength agents had a negative effect on the drainage resistance and press dryness, an increased share of CTMP increased the press dryness linearly. FE-pulp and HR-pulp had the same impact on press dryness. Press solids could be improved by approximately 2% without significantly reducing the bulk by increasing press loads.
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| 8. |
- Edling, Christofer, et al.
(författare)
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Representation och integration i lokala eliter
- 2018
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Ingår i: Eliter i Sverige : Tvärvetenskapliga perspektiv på makt, status och klass - Tvärvetenskapliga perspektiv på makt, status och klass. - 9789144116365 ; , s. 187-212
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The study applies network analysis to empirically study the integration of local elites in four Swedish municipalities. We focus particularly on the existence of elite fractions, the structural representation of women, and the role of informal ties for integration.
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| 10. |
- Eriksson, Bengt Erik, et al.
(författare)
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Att studera eliter
- 2018
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Ingår i: Eliter i Sverige. - Lund : Studentlitteratur AB. - 9789144116365 ; , s. 11-26
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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