| 1. |
- Ehret, Gerhard, et al.
(författare)
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MERLIN : A French-German space lidar mission dedicated to atmospheric methane
- 2017
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Ingår i: Remote Sensing. - : MDPI AG. - 2072-4292. ; 9:10
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- The MEthane Remote sensing Lidar missioN (MERLIN) aims at demonstrating the spaceborne active measurement of atmospheric methane, a potent greenhouse gas, based on an Integrated Path Differential Absorption (IPDA) nadir-viewing LIght Detecting and Ranging (Lidar) instrument. MERLIN is a joint French and German space mission, with a launch currently scheduled for the timeframe 2021/22. The German Space Agency (DLR) is responsible for the payload, while the platform (MYRIADE Evolutions product line) is developed by the French Space Agency (CNES). The main scientific objective of MERLIN is the delivery of weighted atmospheric columns of methane dry-air mole fractions for all latitudes throughout the year with systematic errors small enough (< 3.7 ppb) to significantly improve our knowledge of methane sources from global to regional scales, with emphasis on poorly accessible regions in the tropics and at high latitudes. This paper presents the MERLIN objectives, describes the methodology and the main characteristics of the payload and of the platform, and proposes a first assessment of the error budget and its translation into expected uncertainty reduction of methane surface emissions.
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| 2. |
- Jones, Geraint H., et al.
(författare)
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The Comet Interceptor Mission
- 2024
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Ingår i: Space Science Reviews. - : Springer Nature. - 0038-6308 .- 1572-9672. ; 220:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Here we describe the novel, multi-point Comet Interceptor mission. It is dedicated to the exploration of a little-processed long-period comet, possibly entering the inner Solar System for the first time, or to encounter an interstellar object originating at another star. The objectives of the mission are to address the following questions: What are the surface composition, shape, morphology, and structure of the target object? What is the composition of the gas and dust in the coma, its connection to the nucleus, and the nature of its interaction with the solar wind? The mission was proposed to the European Space Agency in 2018, and formally adopted by the agency in June 2022, for launch in 2029 together with the Ariel mission. Comet Interceptor will take advantage of the opportunity presented by ESA’s F-Class call for fast, flexible, low-cost missions to which it was proposed. The call required a launch to a halo orbit around the Sun-Earth L2 point. The mission can take advantage of this placement to wait for the discovery of a suitable comet reachable with its minimum Δ V capability of 600 ms − 1 . Comet Interceptor will be unique in encountering and studying, at a nominal closest approach distance of 1000 km, a comet that represents a near-pristine sample of material from the formation of the Solar System. It will also add a capability that no previous cometary mission has had, which is to deploy two sub-probes – B1, provided by the Japanese space agency, JAXA, and B2 – that will follow different trajectories through the coma. While the main probe passes at a nominal 1000 km distance, probes B1 and B2 will follow different chords through the coma at distances of 850 km and 400 km, respectively. The result will be unique, simultaneous, spatially resolved information of the 3-dimensional properties of the target comet and its interaction with the space environment. We present the mission’s science background leading to these objectives, as well as an overview of the scientific instruments, mission design, and schedule.
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| 3. |
- Landstad, Bodil J, 1965-, et al.
(författare)
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Personal Perspectives on Vocational Rehabilitation in Singapore and Sweden
- 2010
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Ingår i: The Asia Pacific Disability & Rehabilitation Journal. - Bangalore. ; 21:1, s. 3-25
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of the study is to describe and analyse personal reflections on vocational rehabilitation in Singapore and Sweden as described by employees who have been on sick leave. Further, the study investigates what similarities and differences can be discerned from the accounts provided by the participants in the different countries. Interviews were conducted with five Singaporeans and five Swedes undergoing rehabilitation due to musculoskeletal problems. The most significant result is that more differences than similarities were identified; e.g. the Singaporeans had fewer days of sickness absence, they were diagnosed more swiftly, treatment and the rehabilitation process began earlier and there were no queues for treatment. The conclusion is that the Singaporean system seems to be more effective with respect to returning people to work. However, the Swedish system creates more security for all groups of people.
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| 4. |
- Löfstrand, Pär, 1969-
(författare)
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Communicating, Negotiating and Stereotyping : The roles of context, situation and gender in small group decision-making
- 2018
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Making decisions together in groups takes an important role in society. Everywhere and in many different contexts people meet to make more or less formal decisions. As stereotypes constitute simplified group based perceptions of other people, decision-making groups risk making biased judgments and commit discriminating decisions. Stereotyping often follow the two universal dimensions competence and warmth (Cuddy, Fiske & Glick, 2008). How people´s judgments are affected by stereotypes has mainly been studied on individual level and less is known about how stereotypes and prejudice is communicated and negotiated in group decision-making situations. One approach to study this is to investigate how different contexts may lead to different communication patterns, different experiences, and different decisions. In this thesis context was varied in two different ways in two experiments. In the first experiment the goal set for the decision-making was varied. A competitive goal was contrasted to a cooperative goal in a group decision task using a sports scenario where the participants had to select members to a relay team. In the second experiment different information was used as a context variable. This was done by varying the information of gender and parenthood status of the applicants in a fictive recruitment scenario. In addition, in both experiments the gender composition in the groups was varied, forming yet another variable that might play a role for how the decision-making was carried out. These three factors were assumed to influence the form of the communication, the content of the communication in terms of stereotyping, and how the decision-making process was experienced. A mixed-method approach was chosen where quantitative and qualitative data were used in conjunction with each other, which was assumed to give a richer picture of the results.In paper I the form of the communication, as analyzed with interaction process analysis (IPA), did not differ much between the two goals. On the other hand, the content showed more systematic patterns. A competitive goal seemed to lead to both inclusion and exclusion with use of both positive and negative stereotypes. A cooperative goal seemed to lead to inclusion mechanisms and only use of positive stereotypes. In paper II where the aim was to investigate what was experienced as constituting a successful decision-making process it was found that equality of influence was of importance. Furthermore, qualitative analyses of the conversation patterns, by use of the conversational argument coding scheme (CACS), seemed to validate this. The successful groups had a more complex communication pattern than the less successful groups. In paper III, where the information for the decision task was varied in terms of gender and parenthood status of the applicants, it was found that parenthood information triggered a lot of discussion. The participants did not differentiate between mothers and fathers, but they applied attributes of competence and warmth differently to the targets. Furthermore, gender and gender composition seemed to matter as male and female groups applied the attributes differently. Paper IV used data from both experiments in order to investigate how the context variables and gender composition influenced how the decision situation was experienced. The results indicate that the context variables and gender composition interacted with own gender. Men seemed more content in male groups with male targets and a male parent condition while women seemed more content in mixed groups and a female parent condition.Context seems to play an important role, as it provides the participants in the group discussions with different information, leading to different patterns of stereotyping in the discussions. Also how the decision was experienced seems to be related to the context. Furthermore, group composition seems to function in this way too. The results are discussed in relation to practical implications and suggestions for future research.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Millet, Patrick
(författare)
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Integrating Horticulture into the Vocational Rehabilitation Process of Individuals with Exhaustion Syndrome (Burnout): A Pilot Study.
- 2009
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Ingår i: International Journal of Disability Management Research. - Australia : Australian Academic Press. - 1833-8550. ; 3:2, s. 39-53
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This pilot study was intended to examine and to document whether the use of the garden environment and the activities that make up horticulture could be considered a possible method to be used in the vocational rehabilitation of persons sick-listed due to high levels of stress. The study is based on a theoretical (four-step) model using horticulture and the garden environment to provide the foundation of vocational rehabilitation for individuals with prolonged fatigue, chronic fatigue and burnout. The general interpretation is that the results are positive and promising but that further research is needed and should be pursued to examine what causal relationship(s) exist between the garden environment and the reduction of arousal levels; the effectiveness of pursuing this VR process for persons sick listed for stress-related complaints.
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| 7. |
- Millet, Patrick, et al.
(författare)
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Job Functions of Swedish public and private rehabilitation workers : Their perceived level of importance and related knowledge
- 2011
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Ingår i: Work. - Amsterdam, the Netherlands : IOS Press. - 1051-9815 .- 1875-9270. ; 38:2, s. 129-143
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: To investigate and gather knowledge of how important the various functions of Swedish rehabilitation workers are and whether this knowledge is equivalent to the demands of the vocational rehabilitation process. Participants: Swedish rehabilitation workers from both public and private sectors.Methods: A questionnaire comprising 89 work task items was used to identify the major dimensions of the Swedish rehabilitation workers job in the rehabilitation process. A principle component factor analysis was performed on the 89 job-task items from the Swedish Task Inventory.Results: The number of factors/dimensions that could be formed was only three, which is judged to be limited both in scope and depth. The level of perceived knowledge reported varied from limited to having the required competence. The results also reveal that the workers perceive their work tasks and the dimensions that make up their role function as being of moderate to low importance. Their perceived level of knowledge for the similar work task items and dimensions were rated moderate to low. Differences between the groups of rehabilitation workers were mixed.Conclusions: The vocational rehabilitation process offered in Sweden is limited. It appears that the level of knowledge within the area can and should be increased and that better education is needed in order to improve the quality of the vocational rehabilitation process and for further development to take place.
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| 8. |
- Millet, Patrick, et al.
(författare)
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Job functions of Swedish public and private sector vocational rehabilitation workers
- 2009
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Ingår i: Disability and Rehabilitation. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0963-8288 .- 1464-5165. ; 31:19, s. 1614-1624
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose. This study has had two main aims, the first to investigate and gather knowledge of the major job functions of Swedish rehabilitation workers, the second to study the frequency of use of these functions in the VR process.Method. Structured questionnaires were sent to Swedish rehabilitation workers from public and private sectors. To identify the major dimensions of Swedish rehabilitation workers' job in the vocational rehabilitation (VR) process, a principal component factor analysis was performed.Results. Results revealed that there are four main factors (dimensions) that comprised the VR process in Sweden. The four factors (dimensions) are job development and career counselling; assessment and counselling interventions; workplace adjustment and employer consultation and client support, personnel development and public relations.Conclusions. The VR process in Sweden is limited in both its scope and depth. This when one compares with the results of studies carried out in the USA, who found seven and six dimensions, respectively. It is argued that it cannot be excluded that the negative trend of extensive sick leave and early pensions are attributable to the limitations in the VR process that have been found. Suggested is the urgent need to put resources in place that would support the further advancement of the knowledge and competencies of the VR services in Sweden.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Millet, Patrick
(författare)
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Locus of control and its relation to working life : studies from the fields of vocational rehabilitation and small firms in Sweden
- 2005
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This thesis investigates in four studies the impact of the psychological construct internal versus external control of reinforcement on Swedish working life in two distinct areas. The first is that of vocational rehabilitation, explored in the first two studies; the second is that of leadership style in small firms. Study I had as its aim to describe the situation of individuals (n = 143) at the start of vocational rehabilitation in Sweden. An assessment was therefore carried out of the possible influence of the one contextual and five individual factors on health, duration of sick leave, and unemployment. Results: Locus of control was found to exert a notable influence on the differences between the individuals in the study sample, with persons of external locus of control having a less favourable point of departure at the start of vocational rehabilitation compared to other groups. The main aim of Study II was to assess the impact of locus of control on vocational rehabilitation outcomes. The findings of the study suggest that the construct locus of control plays even here an important role. Perceived health status, the type of rehabilitation program, the accumulated duration of both sick leave and unemployment at the start of rehabilitation, and whether dwelling in an urban or a rural area are other factors that also influence outcomes. Further vocational rehabilitation programs were found to be negatively correlated to successful outcomes, meaning that workplace training with little or no involvement of professionals gives better results than other programs. Study III explored the impact of locus of control on how leaders of small and medium-size businesses (n =146) perceive network usage and value with respect to their own firms. Findings from this study suggest that the locus of control orientation of owner-managers of small and medium-size businesses influences participation in and usage of business networks and that membership in informal networks plays an important role for gaining and using attendant benefits. From a micro perspective, this result sheds light on the importance of leadership style for participation in and usage of networks. Study IV investigates the effects of locus of control on financial performance and business strategy in small firms (n=146). In so doing, it was hypothesised that there exist bivariate associations between locus of control and financial performance of small firms, as well as three other factors that are assumed to influence financial performance. These three factors are: the style of management adopted by owner-mangers, known as strategic posture; networking activities of owner-mangers, and the business environment as perceived by owner-mangers. Results give some support to the assumption that relations exist between locus of control and financial performance as well as business strategy. Findings even suggest that firms’ branch of commerce moderates the impact of locus of control. Locus of control was further found to have relatively strong associations with the style of leadership adopted. The conclusion drawn from the work presented here is that locus of control is a factor of some importance for the vocational rehabilitation process as well as the management of small firms, and as such has a definite role to play in working life. It is argued that differences found between persons of internal and those of external orientation in the four studies presented are well described in the general statement that ‘internals’ have a higher degree of generalized expectancy that reinforcements are contingent upon their own behaviour than ‘externals’ and that this is crucial to explaining the differences between the cognitive processes and behaviour of the two categories. Internals’ attitudes create “spaces of action” that are in themselves opportunities that can be utilized for the achievement of goals. Externals, on the other hand, have greater difficulties in creating and utilizing “spaces of action”. Important is the assumption that a person’s locus of control can be changed, thereby making the concept suitable for application in practical situations in working life through suitable interventions in the environment. This is an area that needs to be researched more thoroughly, however.
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