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- Axelsson, Irene, et al.
(författare)
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The influence of dietary nucleotides on erythrocyte membrane fatty acids and plasma lipids in preterm infants
- 1997
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Ingår i: Acta Pædiatrica. - : Wiley. - 1651-2227 .- 0803-5253. ; 86:5, s. 539-544
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to evaluate whether a regular formula for premature infants supplemented with nucleotides has any influence on plasma lipids and erythrocyte membrane fatty acids. METHODS: Preterm infants fed either human milk supplemented with human milk protein (HM, n = 14), nucleotide-supplemented preterm formula (NF, n = 13), or a regular preterm formula (F, n = 13) were included in the study. The NF was supplemented with 18.2 mg cytidine monophosphate/l (CMP), 7.0 mg uridine monophosphate/l (UMP), 6.4 mg adenosine monophosphate/l (AMP), 3.0 mg inosine monophosphate/l (IMP) and 3.0 mg guanosine monophosphate/l (GMP). RESULTS: There were significantly higher concentrations of triglycerides (TG) in infants fed NF compared to those fed F (191.42 +/- 79.58 vs 108.21 +/- 43.73, p < 0.001, mean +/- SD lipid concentrations, mg/100 ml plasma). Infants fed F had significantly lower concentrations of total cholesterol (94.34 +/- 11.71 vs 115.69 +/- 39.29, p < 0.01) and TG in plasma (108.21 +/- 43.73 vs 172.27 +/- 68.19, p < 0.001, mean +/- SD lipid concentrations, mg/100 ml plasma) when compared to HM-fed infants. There were no significant differences in any of the erythrocyte membrane fatty acids and total long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFA) between NF and F during the study period (6 weeks). Furthermore, total LC-PUFA and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) concentrations in red blood cell were not significantly different when infants fed NF were compared to those fed HM. In contrast, however, infants fed F had significantly lower concentrations of total n-3 LC-PUFA (p < 0.01) and DHA (p < 0.01) than those found in HM-fed infants. CONCLUSIONS: These results do not suggest an effect of nucleotides on the red blood cell LC-PUFA profile in preterm infants. However, the nucleotides may increase the concentrations of triglycerides in plasma.
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- Cavallari, Larisa H., et al.
(författare)
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Association of the GGCX (CAA) 16/17 repeat polymorphism with higher warfarin dose requirements in African Americans
- 2012
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Ingår i: Pharmacogenetics & Genomics. - 1744-6872 .- 1744-6880. ; 22:2, s. 152-158
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective Little is known about genetic contributors to higher than usual warfarin dose requirements, particularly for African Americans. This study tested the hypothesis that the gamma-glutamyl carboxylase (GGCX) genotype contributes to warfarin dose requirements greater than 7.5 mg/day in an African American population.Methods A total of 338 African Americans on a stable dose of warfarin were enrolled. The GGCX rs10654848 (CAA) n, rs12714145 (G>A), and rs699664 (p.R325Q); VKORC1 c.-1639G>A and rs61162043; and CYP2C9*2, *3, *5, *8, *11, and rs7089580 genotypes were tested for their association with dose requirements greater than 7.5mg/day alone and in the context of other variables known to influence dose variability.Results The GGCX rs10654848 (CAA) 16 or 17 repeat occurred at a frequency of 2.6% in African Americans and was overrepresented among patients requiring greater than 7.5 mg/day versus those who required lower doses (12 vs. 3%, P = 0.003; odds ratio 4.0, 95% confidence interval, 1.5-10.5). The GGCX rs10654848 genotype remained associated with high dose requirements on regression analysis including age, body size, and VKORC1 genotype. On linear regression, the GGCX rs10654848 genotype explained 2% of the overall variability in warfarin dose in African Americans. An examination of the GGCX rs10654848 genotype in warfarin-treated Caucasians revealed a (CAA) 16 repeat frequency of only 0.27% (P = 0.008 compared with African Americans).Conclusion These data support the GGCX rs10654848 genotype as a predictor of higher than usual warfarin doses in African Americans, who have a 10-fold higher frequency of the (CAA) 16/17 repeat compared with Caucasians. Pharmacogenetics and Genomics 22: 152-158 (C) 2012 Wolters Kluwer Health vertical bar Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
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