| 1. |
- Blasini, Bettina, et al.
(författare)
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The Role of Communicators in Innovation Clusters
- 2013
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Ingår i: Strategy and Communication for Innovation, 2nd edition. - Berlin : Springer. - 9783642414794
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Innovation clusters continue to be an important focus of economic development policies in many nations. Leading innovation clusters demonstrate that regional concentration strengthens the innovative capability and can lead to successful competitiveness on a global level, as demonstrated by regions such as Silicon Valley (US), Cambridge (UK) and Sophia Antipolis (France). However the successful creation of clusters still presents a challenge to policy makers as efforts to do so regularly fail. The development of innovation clusters has therefore received much academic and policymaker attention. While past research has examined a variety of factors as drivers for clustering effects, the role of communication within the cluster - and, specifically, the role of key individual communicators - in underpinning successful cluster development has received almost no academic attention. In this chapter, we will draw upon the relevant literature to develop a conceptual framework that will underpin research on this important topic by investigating the role of communicators in innovation clusters. Building on communication theories, the framework suggests that there are four influence-levels that shape and impact the role of communications in innovation clusters: the Individual Level, the Organizational Level, the Cluster Level and the Context. The interdisciplinary view on clustering effects contributes valuable insight to both communication studies and cluster theories. The framework developed within this chapter provides a structure to aid future research on the role of communicators within innovation clusters.
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| 2. |
- Dang, Rani J., 1981, et al.
(författare)
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Developing A Technology Intelligence Strategy To Access Knowledge Of Innovation Clusters
- 2011
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Ingår i: in Strategies and Communications for Innovations, coord. Hülsmann M. and Pfeffermann N. (Eds) Springer-Verlag. March. - Germany : Springer-Verlag.
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Current times are characterised by a knowledge-based economy and fast technological change. In this difficult environment, companies compete to maintain a relevant position through innovation. In response to these challenges, many companies are currently adopting an open approach to innovation, pursuing innovation by combining internal and external resources. Technology intelligence (TI) activities support the implementation of open innovation with the systematic capture and delivery of information about threats and opportunities arising from new developments in science and technology. A popular choice for TI is to establish ‘listening posts’ in areas of intense innovative activities, for example in regional clusters where technical information flows are known to be particularly intensive. In fact, literature suggests that in clusters vertical interactions along the value chain and horizontal interactions between competing companies help companies to capture the regional market trends and preferences and take relevant decisions concerning their future technological focus. As companies cannot afford to setup a technology outpost in every single geographic area where innovation and technological development are intense and relevant, they need to develop a TI strategy to explore remotely the science and technology that is being developed across long geographic distances. This chapter illustrates through a detailed case study of Kodak European Research (KER), how companies can organise and implement TI activities to leverage the knowledge and existence of regional clusters. It integrates two domains of research on TI and regional clusters, giving insights into how TI activities are strongly influenced by location. Through the experience of KER, this chapter explores i) the pros and cons of becoming embedded within a cluster to take part in the ‘local buzz’; ii) the strategy to access knowledge of other clusters; iii) the communication strategy to manage the TI activity within and outside of the cluster.
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| 3. |
- Despeisse, Mélanie, 1985, et al.
(författare)
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Skills and education for additive manufacturing: A review of emerging issues
- 2017
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Ingår i: IFIP Advances in Information and Communication Technology. - Cham : Springer International Publishing. - 1868-4238 .- 1868-422X. ; 513, s. 289-297
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The recent advances in digital technologies and in additive manufacturing (AM) in particular are revolutionising our industrial landscape. These changes require new engineering and management skills to exploit fully and sustainably the benefits offered by these advanced technologies. The current talent shortage calls for new education programmes to deliver a skilled, capable and adaptable workforce. Existing courses on design, engineering and management related to production and manufacturing do not systematically deliver the necessary skills and knowledge for an effective deployment of AM technologies. Based on a literature review and evidence collected from multi-stakeholder workshops, this paper presents the key themes for education programmes to address the current skill gap and barriers to AM adoption and exploitation.
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| 4. |
- Despeisse, Mélanie, 1985, et al.
(författare)
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Sustainable Value Roadmapping Framework for Additive Manufacturing
- 2017
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Ingår i: Procedia CIRP. - : Elsevier BV. - 2212-8271. ; 61, s. 594-599
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Recent developments around the use of additive manufacturing (AM) for making components and end-products is radically changing the way manufacturing activities are organized. Many researchers are now turning their attention to AM technology and its potential benefits for boosting economic, social, and environmental sustainability. However, there is still much uncertainty on the full impact from a life cycle perspective. Previous work has reviewed the implications of AM from a sustainability and life cycle point of view, but it is unclear whether the technology can fully realize the potential benefits identified, and whether it will lead to unintended consequences such as increased material consumption, thereby further straining the planet's carrying capacity and pushing society towards unsustainable, more materialistic values. This research builds on previous work to customize a tool, the Sustainable Value Roadmapping Tool (SVRT), which combines the strategic roadmapping technique with the sustainable value analysis tool. Roadmapping is a well-established approach for businesses to strategically plan activities for the short-, medium- and long-term; combined with the value analysis tools, it can identify opportunities for sustainable value creation for all stakeholders, including society and the planet. While SVRT has been developed and tested in a more generic context (i.e. not technology-specific), it also has good promises to help companies to explore the potential benefits and challenges of AM adoption across products’ life cycle and the associated business model implications. This paper will present the prototype version of SVRT for AM. The findings consolidate and expand the opportunities and challenges already identified in the literature. Further work will conduct case studies to use the SVRT with companies adopting AM technology and better understand the sustainability impacts from a business perspective.
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| 5. |
- Despeisse, Mélanie, 1985, et al.
(författare)
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Unlocking value for a circular economy through 3D printing: A research agenda
- 2017
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Ingår i: Technological Forecasting and Social Change. - : Elsevier BV. - 0040-1625. ; 115, s. 75-84
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The circular economy (CE) aims to radically improve resource efficiency by eliminating the concept of waste and leading to a shift away from the linear take-make-waste model. In a CE, resources are flowing in a circular manner either in a biocycle (biomass) or technocycle (inorganic materials). While early studies indicate that 3D printing (3DP) holds substantial promise for sustainability and the creation of a CE, there is no guarantee that it will do so. There is great uncertainty regarding whether the current trajectory of 3DP adoption is creating more circular material flows or if it is leading to an alternative scenario in which less eco-efficient localised production, demands for customised goods, and a higher rate of product obsolescence combine to bring about increased resource consumption. It is critical that CE principles are embedded into the new manufacturing system before the adoption of 3DP reaches a critical inflection point in which negative practices become entrenched. This paper, authored by both academic and industry experts, proposes a research agenda to determine enablers and barriers for 3DP to achieve a CE. We explore the two following overarching questions to discover what specific issues they entail: (1) How can a more distributed manufacturing system based on 3DP create a circular economy of closed-loop material flows? (2) What are the barriers to a circular 3D printing economy? We specifically examine six areas—design, supply chains, information flows, entrepreneurship, business models and education—with the aim of formulating a research agenda to enable 3DP to reach its full potential for a CE.
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