| 1. |
- Bernal, Ximena E., et al.
(författare)
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Empowering Latina scientists
- 2019
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Ingår i: Science. - : American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS). - 0036-8075 .- 1095-9203. ; 363:6429, s. 825-826
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 2. |
- Bocchetta, Martina, et al.
(författare)
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The use of biomarkers for the etiologic diagnosis of MCI in Europe: An EADC survey.
- 2015
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Ingår i: Alzheimer's & Dementia. - : Wiley. - 1552-5279 .- 1552-5260. ; 11:2, s. 195-206
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We investigated the use of Alzheimer's disease (AD) biomarkers in European Alzheimer's Disease Consortium centers and assessed their perceived usefulness for the etiologic diagnosis of mild cognitive impairment (MCI). We surveyed availability, frequency of use, and confidence in diagnostic usefulness of markers of brain amyloidosis (amyloid positron emission tomography [PET], cerebrospinal fluid [CSF] Aβ42) and neurodegeneration (medial temporal atrophy [MTA] on MR, fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography [FDG-PET], CSF tau). The most frequently used biomarker is visually rated MTA (75% of the 37 responders reported using it "always/frequently") followed by CSF markers (22%), FDG-PET (16%), and amyloid-PET (3%). Only 45% of responders perceive MTA as contributing to diagnostic confidence, where the contribution was rated as "moderate". Seventy-nine percent of responders felt "very/extremely" comfortable delivering a diagnosis of MCI due to AD when both amyloid and neuronal injury biomarkers were abnormal (P < .02 versus any individual biomarker). Responders largely agreed that a combination of amyloidosis and neuronal injury biomarkers was a strongly indicative AD signature.
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| 3. |
- Bos, Isabelle, et al.
(författare)
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The frequency and influence of dementia risk factors in prodromal Alzheimer's disease
- 2017
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Ingår i: Neurobiology of Aging. - : Elsevier. - 0197-4580 .- 1558-1497. ; 56, s. 33-40
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We investigated whether dementia risk factors were associated with prodromal Alzheimer's disease (AD) according to the International Working Group-2 and National Institute of Aging-Alzheimer's Association criteria, and with cognitive decline. A total of 1394 subjects with mild cognitive impairment from 14 different studies were classified according to these research criteria, based on cognitive performance and biomarkers. We compared the frequency of 10 risk factors between the subgroups, and used Cox-regression to examine the effect of risk factors on cognitive decline. Depression, obesity, and hypercholesterolemia occurred more often in individuals with low-AD-likelihood, compared with those with a high-AD-likelihood. Only alcohol use increased the risk of cognitive decline, regardless of AD pathology. These results suggest that traditional risk factors for AD are not associated with prodromal AD or with progression to dementia, among subjects with mild cognitive impairment. Future studies should validate these findings and determine whether risk factors might be of influence at an earlier stage (i.e., preclinical) of AD.
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| 4. |
- Costa, Carolina, et al.
(författare)
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Emulsion Formation and Stabilization by Biomolecules : The Leading Role of Cellulose.
- 2019
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Ingår i: Polymers. - : MDPI AG. - 2073-4360. ; 11:10
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Emulsion stabilization by native cellulose has been mainly hampered because of its insolubility in water. Chemical modification is normally needed to obtain water-soluble cellulose derivatives. These modified celluloses have been widely used for a range of applications by the food, cosmetic, pharmaceutic, paint and construction industries. In most cases, the modified celluloses are used as rheology modifiers (thickeners) or as emulsifying agents. In the last decade, the structural features of cellulose have been revisited, with particular focus on its structural anisotropy (amphiphilicity) and the molecular interactions leading to its resistance to dissolution. The amphiphilic behavior of native cellulose is evidenced by its capacity to adsorb at the interface between oil and aqueous solvent solutions, thus being capable of stabilizing emulsions. In this overview, the fundamentals of emulsion formation and stabilization by biomolecules are briefly revisited before different aspects around the emerging role of cellulose as emulsion stabilizer are addressed in detail. Particular focus is given to systems stabilized by native cellulose, either molecularly-dissolved or not (Pickering-like effect).
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| 5. |
- Costa, Carolina, et al.
(författare)
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Interfacial activity and emulsion stabilization of dissolved cellulose
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of Molecular Liquids. - : Elsevier B.V.. - 0167-7322 .- 1873-3166. ; 292
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Some aspects of the interfacial behavior of cellulose dissolved in an aqueous solvent were investigated. Cellulose was found to significantly decrease the interfacial tension (IFT) between paraffin oil and 85 wt% phosphoric acid aqueous solutions. This decrease was similar in magnitude to that displayed by non-ionic cellulose derivatives. Cellulose's interfacial activity indicated a significant amphiphilic character and that the interfacial activity of cellulose derivatives is not only related to the derivatization but inherent in the cellulose backbone. This finding suggests that cellulose would have the ability of stabilizing dispersions, like oil-in-water emulsions in a similar way as a large number of cellulose derivatives. In its molecularly dissolved state, cellulose proved to be able to stabilize emulsions of paraffin in the polar solvent on a short-term. However, long-term stability against drop-coalescence was possible to achieve by a slight change in the amphiphilicity of cellulose, effected by a slight increase in pH. These emulsions exhibited excellent stability against coalescence/oiling-off over a period of one year. Ageing of the cellulose solution before emulsification (resulting in molecular weight reduction) was found to favour the creation of smaller droplets.
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| 6. |
- Jansen, Willemijn J, et al.
(författare)
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Prevalence Estimates of Amyloid Abnormality Across the Alzheimer Disease Clinical Spectrum.
- 2022
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Ingår i: JAMA neurology. - : American Medical Association (AMA). - 2168-6157 .- 2168-6149. ; 79:3, s. 228-243
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- One characteristic histopathological event in Alzheimer disease (AD) is cerebral amyloid aggregation, which can be detected by biomarkers in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and on positron emission tomography (PET) scans. Prevalence estimates of amyloid pathology are important for health care planning and clinical trial design.To estimate the prevalence of amyloid abnormality in persons with normal cognition, subjective cognitive decline, mild cognitive impairment, or clinical AD dementia and to examine the potential implications of cutoff methods, biomarker modality (CSF or PET), age, sex, APOE genotype, educational level, geographical region, and dementia severity for these estimates.This cross-sectional, individual-participant pooled study included participants from 85 Amyloid Biomarker Study cohorts. Data collection was performed from January 1, 2013, to December 31, 2020. Participants had normal cognition, subjective cognitive decline, mild cognitive impairment, or clinical AD dementia. Normal cognition and subjective cognitive decline were defined by normal scores on cognitive tests, with the presence of cognitive complaints defining subjective cognitive decline. Mild cognitive impairment and clinical AD dementia were diagnosed according to published criteria.Alzheimer disease biomarkers detected on PET or in CSF.Amyloid measurements were dichotomized as normal or abnormal using cohort-provided cutoffs for CSF or PET or by visual reading for PET. Adjusted data-driven cutoffs for abnormal amyloid were calculated using gaussian mixture modeling. Prevalence of amyloid abnormality was estimated according to age, sex, cognitive status, biomarker modality, APOE carrier status, educational level, geographical location, and dementia severity using generalized estimating equations.Among the 19097 participants (mean [SD] age, 69.1 [9.8] years; 10148 women [53.1%]) included, 10139 (53.1%) underwent an amyloid PET scan and 8958 (46.9%) had an amyloid CSF measurement. Using cohort-provided cutoffs, amyloid abnormality prevalences were similar to 2015 estimates for individuals without dementia and were similar across PET- and CSF-based estimates (24%; 95% CI, 21%-28%) in participants with normal cognition, 27% (95% CI, 21%-33%) in participants with subjective cognitive decline, and 51% (95% CI, 46%-56%) in participants with mild cognitive impairment, whereas for clinical AD dementia the estimates were higher for PET than CSF (87% vs 79%; mean difference, 8%; 95% CI, 0%-16%; P=.04). Gaussian mixture modeling-based cutoffs for amyloid measures on PET scans were similar to cohort-provided cutoffs and were not adjusted. Adjusted CSF cutoffs resulted in a 10% higher amyloid abnormality prevalence than PET-based estimates in persons with normal cognition (mean difference, 9%; 95% CI, 3%-15%; P=.004), subjective cognitive decline (9%; 95% CI, 3%-15%; P=.005), and mild cognitive impairment (10%; 95% CI, 3%-17%; P=.004), whereas the estimates were comparable in persons with clinical AD dementia (mean difference, 4%; 95% CI, -2% to 9%; P=.18).This study found that CSF-based estimates using adjusted data-driven cutoffs were up to 10% higher than PET-based estimates in people without dementia, whereas the results were similar among people with dementia. This finding suggests that preclinical and prodromal AD may be more prevalent than previously estimated, which has important implications for clinical trial recruitment strategies and health care planning policies.
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| 7. |
- Lappalainen, Timo, et al.
(författare)
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Foam forming revisited. Part II. Effect of surfactant on the properties of foam-formed paper products
- 2014
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Ingår i: Nordic Pulp & Paper Research Journal. - : Walter de Gruyter GmbH. - 0283-2631 .- 2000-0669. ; 29:4, s. 689-699
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article focuses on the properties of paper samples made using foam-laid technology. The effects of three surfactants, namely sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS), sodium alkyl ether sulphate (SAES), and linear chain alkyl polyglucoside (C8/C10-Gluc), on properties of foam formed paper samples were studied, using chemithermo-mechanical (CTMP) spruce pulp and bleached kraft pulp. The results show that the type of surfactant used in foam forming has significant effects on the mechanical properties and quality of paper. In the presence of ionic polymers, the charge of surfactant has a significant effect on the formation of the paper sample. It was also shown that at AKD dosages ≥ 3 kg/t, the water absorbency of water formed paper samples was greater than that of foam-formed samples made using C8/C10-Gluc. Foam-forming also produced greater dryness after forming and wet-pressing than the water forming method. The type and dosage of surfactant had a significant impact on dewatering. Filler retention of foam-formed samples was significantly higher when using a non-ionic surfactant instead of an anionic surfactant. The effect of the strength additive (cationic starch) in increasing the strength of foam-formed samples was less in the presence of anionic surfactants than with non-ionic surfactants.
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Mira, Isabel C., et al.
(författare)
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Foam forming revisited Part I. Foaming behaviour of fibre-surfactant systems
- 2014
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Ingår i: Nordic Pulp & Paper Research Journal. - : SPCI. - 0283-2631 .- 2000-0669. ; 29:4, s. 679-688
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The foaming properties of typical chemithermo-mechanical (CTMP) and kraft pulp paper making formulations in the presence of a series of surfactants were investigated using a lab-scale foaming set up. Foamability, foam stability, and bubble size distribution of the generated foam-fibre systems were measured. The foaming behaviour of the fibre/surfactant systems was found to be dependent on the surfactant concentration. Foams fulfilling the target requirements of air content (ca. 65% v/v air) and average bubble size (25 to 75 μm in radius) were obtained with all the seven surfactants tested. Three of the surfactants were found to allow for a rapid foaming in the system, namely sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS), a commercial mixture of alkyl and ethoxylated alkyl sulphates, (MixSAES) and a commercial mixture of short chain alkyl glucosides (C8/C10Gluc). The rapid foaming is believed to be an intrinsic property of mixtures of surfactants with the right molecular structures and in the right proportion with respect to each other. On the other hand, the minimum surfactant concentrations required to reach the target foam volumes were lowest for surfactants with an anionic character. Further, the type of pulp fibre and the presence of GCC in the surfactant/pulp formulation were found to have very little effect on the foaming performance of the suspensions.
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