| 1. |
- Mispelaere, Jan, 1965-
(författare)
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Guldmynt eller äpple : Straffrättsligt ansvar för barn och ungdomar i Sverige och Nederländerna 1590-1800
- 2009
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The principal aim of this dissertation was to examine the character in praxis of children's and youth's criminal responsibility in two particular European regions during the early modern period that, in comparison with each other, were marked by a number of substantial societal differences. The regions selected were the densely populated, market-oriented coastal district of the Netherlands and the sparsely populated agricultural society in Sweden during the period 1590-1800.Since there were substantial economic and social differences between the Netherlands and Sweden during the 1600s in such areas as the development of salaried work, urbanization, and the structure and character of the household, it was reasonable to imagine that the present investigation would reveal, among other things, that there were marked differences in views concerning children and youth as well. Upon the basis of what was written concerning the application of extenuating circumstances in respect to children, along with what was known about views concerning children in older legislation, previous research has emphasized that there were a considerable number of similarities within European legal praxis during the early modern period.In conclusion, one can state that early modern judges from the Netherlands and Sweden assigned criminal responsibility to children under twelve in quite similar ways, while the differences between them in this regard primarily concerned how youths were treated. There was roughly the same attitude concerning children throughout the period 1590-1799 in both regions, but the view concerning the criminal responsibility of teenagers was different in the Netherlands until the first half of the 1700s. Views concerning their criminal responsibility were quite clearly influenced by such factors as gender, competence, and age, but the effect of social changes was to a much greater degree visible in praxis for them than it was in respect to children under twelve. Different societies placed different demands on youths, and this was expressed above all in the age level for full responsibility and the application of adult punishment.The most striking differences between the Netherlands and Sweden concerned the application of age limits for full responsibility, the responsibility borne by youths who had been enticed into committing crimes, and the manner in which the law viewed the responsibility of boys and girls when the offenders were between twelve and eighteen years of age. All three of the most substantial differences thus involved the level of criminal responsibility that youths bore.
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| 2. |
- Berg, Elisabeth Gräslund, et al.
(författare)
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Praktiker som gör skillnad : Om den verb-inriktade metoden
- 2013
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Ingår i: Historisk Tidskrift. - 0345-469X .- 2002-4827. ; 133:3, s. 335-354
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article discusses the so-called verb-oriented method and its role in the research project Gender and Work in early modern Sweden (GaW), which is based at Uppsala University. It provides a presentation of the GaW-database, which has been designed to allow analysis according to the verb-method. Finally, the article points out that this method can be combined with a number of different theoretical approaches as long as the focus is on practices. It is therefore compatible with the approaches of e.g., Judith Butler, Michel de Certeau, and Amartya Sen. Work is defined as "time-use with the purpose of making a living" and the article discusses why data on time-use, or actual work activities, are better suited for research into early modern Swedish working life than other types of data. It shows that activities are usually described in the sources by verb-phrases, and explains how and from what sources verb-phrases are collected and analyzed within the project. In order to allow for generalizations the verb-method presupposes large amounts of data. This is the rationale for the GaW-database, which at present includes around 5000 verb-phrases and 75000 data posts.
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| 3. |
- Bäckström, Ylva, et al.
(författare)
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Integrating isotopes and documentary evidence : dietary patterns in a late medieval and early modern mining community, Sweden
- 2018
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Ingår i: Archaeological and Anthropological Sciences. - : SPRINGER HEIDELBERG. - 1866-9557 .- 1866-9565. ; 10:8, s. 2075-2094
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study explores the relationship between dietary patterns and social structure in a pre-industrial mining community in Salberget, Sweden c. 1470 to 1600A.D. using a combination of different research approaches and tools, including archaeology, osteology, bone chemistry and history. The correlation between demographic criteria (sex and age) and archaeological variables (burial type and burial location) shows that Salberget was a highly stratified community. Group diets were investigated through analyses of stable isotopes (carbon, C-13, and nitrogen, N-15) of bone collagen from a sub-sample of individuals buried at the site (n=67), interpreted alongside data from human dental lesions and deficiencies, animal bone waste and information on eating habits extracted from the extensive historical documents regarding mining activities at Salberget. These integrated analyses provide a clear association between social status and diet and confirm that social status, and to a lesser extent sex, gender and age, likely governed food choice and opportunity in this diverse community.
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| 4. |
- Fiebranz, Rosemarie, 1959-, et al.
(författare)
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Working Together
- 2016
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Ingår i: <em>Making a Living, Making a Difference</em>. - New York : Oxford University Press. - 9780190240615
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)
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| 5. |
- Ingvarsson, Anne, et al.
(författare)
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Above and below the surface : Environment, work, death, and upbringing in sixteenth- to seventeenth- century Sweden
- 2018
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Ingår i: The Oxford Handbook of the Archaeology of Childhood. - : Oxford University Press. - 9780199670697 ; , s. 251-274
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This chapter addresses children’s lives and living conditions during the early modern period in Sweden. A case study on the population at one of Sweden’s most important historical mines, the Sala Silver mine forms the basis for a discussion about children’s work, their diets, and how gender roles and social status may have affected their health. Two sources provide complementing and sometimes contradicting information about how children’s lives were shaped: the bioarchaeological material (skeletons and graves) and historical sources (archival material). The historical sources show that children were important economic actors in the mining community, and the bioarchaeological material indicates that their health was affected by the socioeconomic status of their families, as well as the unsanitary living and working conditions at the site.
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| 6. |
- Lennersand, Marie, 1969-, et al.
(författare)
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Gender, Work, and the Fiscal-Military State
- 2017
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Ingår i: Making a Living, Making a Difference. - New York : Oxford University Press. - 9780190240615
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In contrast to the early twentieth century, when marriage could set an end to women’s working lives, early modern society was based on the fundamental necessity of married women’s work. This chapter looks at one part of the labor market where this was particularly salient: state service. The new states of Europe created a market in male labor and new career opportunities for men. States were, however, just as dependent on women’s work, both for their households and directly for the state. Looking at men’s and women’s work in four state-run sectors (the customs administration, the army, large-scale production units, and midwifery), this chapter explores the ways in which state formation, commercialization, and people’s everyday lives were entangled.
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Lindström, Jonas, 1977-, et al.
(författare)
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Interdependent living : Labouring families and the Swedish mining industry in the late seventeenth century
- 2017
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Ingår i: The History of the Family. - 1081-602X .- 1873-5398. ; 22:1, s. 136-155
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The history of the labouring family has gained increasing attention among European scholars in the last decades, but in Sweden, it remains an under-researched topic. Still, in the early modern period, labourers and their families made vital contributions to the country’s important mining industry. This paper examines the household economy of labouring families related to the mining industry in two Swedish areas in the late seventeenth century. On the basis on account books and court records, combined with demographic data, we explore the diversity of livelihoods and the complex web of interdependencies that made this economy feasible. We show that, while monetary remuneration was limited, wage labour in mines and metalwork gave the labouring family access to resources in the form of land, labour and credit beyond its own assets. Within the household, the man generally worked for wages, while his wife made use of the use-rights that came with his employment. The mining industry, and thereby also Swedish state finances, depended on this diverse family economy. In conclusion, interdependence, rather than the independent economic position described by classical models of early modern households, characterized the household economy of the labouring family.
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| 9. |
- Lindström, Jonas, 1977-, et al.
(författare)
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Vad fick 1600-talets arbetare i lön?
- 2015
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Ingår i: Historisk Tidskrift. - Stockholm : Svenska historiska föreningen. - 0345-469X .- 2002-4827. ; 135:3, s. 432-463
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- I vilken utsträckning fick tjänstefolk, tillfälliga arbetare, bruksarbetare och byggnadsarbetareunder 1600-talet ut sina nominella löner i pengar? I vilken mån fickde varor eller någonting annat? Utifrån brev, domböcker och räkenskaper från treolika arbetsplatser i 1600-talets Sverige visar uppsatsen att skillnaderna var stora,också på individnivå. Lönerna var inte enhetliga eller traditionsbundna, utanflexibla och förhandlingsbara.
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| 10. |
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