| 1. |
- Hedlund, Pe rOlov, et al.
(författare)
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Significance of pretreatment cardiovascular morbidity as a risk factor during treatment with parenteral oestrogen or combined androgen deprivation of 915 patients with metastasized prostate cancer: Evaluation of cardiovascular events in a randomized trial
- 2011
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Urology and Nephrology. - London : Informa Healthcare. - 0036-5599 .- 1651-2065. ; 45:5, s. 346-353
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective. This study aimed to evaluate prognostic risk factors for cardiovascular events during treatment of metastatic prostate cancer patients with high-dose parenteral polyoestradiol phosphate (PEP, Estradurin (R)) or combined androgen deprivation (CAD) with special emphasis on pretreatment cardiovascular disease. Material and methods. Nine-hundred and fifteen patients with T0-4, Nx, M1, G1-3, hormone- naive prostate cancer were randomized to treatment with PEP 240 mg i.m. twice a month for 2 months and thereafter monthly, or to flutamide (Eulexin (R)) 250 mg per os three times daily in combination with either triptorelin (Decapeptyl (R)) 3.75 mg i.m. per month or on an optional basis with bilateral orchidectomy. Pretreatment cardiovascular morbidity was recorded and cardiovascular events during treatment were assessed by an experienced cardiologist. A multivariate analysis was done using logistic regression. Results. There was a significant increase in cardiovascular events during treatment with PEP in patients with previous ischaemic heart disease (p = 0.008), ischaemic cerebral disease (p = 0.002), intermittent claudication (p = 0.031) and especially when the whole group of patients with pretreatment cardiovascular diseases was analysed together (p andlt; 0.001). In this group 33% of the patients had a cardiovascular event during PEP treatment. In the multivariate analysis PEP stood out as the most important risk factor for cardiac complications (p = 0.029). Even in the CAD group there was a significant increase in cardiovascular events in the group with all previous cardiovascular diseases taken together (p = 0.036). Conclusions. Patients with previous cardiovascular disease are at considerable risk of cardiovascular events during treatment with high-dose PEP and even during CAD therapy. Patients without pretreatment cardiovascular morbidity have a moderate cardiovascular risk during PEP treatment and could be considered for this treatment if the advantages of this therapy, e. g. avoidance of osteopenia and hot flushes and the low price, are given priority.
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| 2. |
- Dalslet, Bjarke, et al.
(författare)
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Assessment of doped ceria as electrolyte
- 2006
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Ingår i: Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1433-0768 .- 1432-8488. ; 10:8, s. 547-561
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A model describing the performance of a fuel cell based on 10 mol% gadolinia-doped ceria, Ce0.9Gd0.1O1.95−x (CG10), was formulated. The total electrical conductivity of CG10 was measured under very reducing conditions in the temperature range of 753 K to 948 K. Oxygen permeation experiments were carried out to measure the leak current through a ceria electrolyte. The results of the measurements are compared with predictions of the formulated model. Furthermore, the response of a fuel cell to changing operating conditions such as external load, temperature, electrode polarization resistances, and defect chemistry is investigated using the model. It is found that the maximum achievable efficiency of a CG10-based fuel cell is increased when (1) the temperature is decreased, when (2) the electrolyte thickness is increased, or when (3) the cathode polarization resistance is decreased. The efficiency can also in certain circumstances be increased by an increase of anode polarization resistance. Finally, the efficiency is reduced if the vacancy formation enthalpy is decreased to the level of fine-grained CG10. The performance of a CG10-based cell is evaluated by comparing it with a state-of-the-art zirconia-based cell. At 873 K, the efficiency of a fuel cell with a 10-μm CG10 electrolyte was limited to 0.74, whereas a cell with a perfect electrolyte would have an efficiency of 1. The power output of the CG10 cell at this efficiency is, however, four times larger than the zirconia-based cell at the same efficiency. This is due to the much lower cathode polarization resistance of (La0.6Sr0.4)zCo0.2Fe0.8O3-delta - CG10 cathodes on CG10 compared to the (La0.75Sr0.25)0.95MnO3 cathodes on stabilized zirconia.
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| 3. |
- Matuozzo, Daniela, et al.
(författare)
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Rare predicted loss-of-function variants of type I IFN immunity genes are associated with life-threatening COVID-19.
- 2023
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Ingår i: Genome medicine. - 1756-994X. ; 15:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We previously reported that impaired type I IFN activity, due to inborn errors of TLR3- and TLR7-dependent type I interferon (IFN) immunity or to autoantibodies against type I IFN, account for 15-20% of cases of life-threatening COVID-19 in unvaccinated patients. Therefore, the determinants of life-threatening COVID-19 remain to be identified in ~ 80% of cases.We report here a genome-wide rare variant burden association analysis in 3269 unvaccinated patients with life-threatening COVID-19, and 1373 unvaccinated SARS-CoV-2-infected individuals without pneumonia. Among the 928 patients tested for autoantibodies against type I IFN, a quarter (234) were positive and were excluded.No gene reached genome-wide significance. Under a recessive model, the most significant gene with at-risk variants was TLR7, with an OR of 27.68 (95%CI 1.5-528.7, P = 1.1 × 10-4) for biochemically loss-of-function (bLOF) variants. We replicated the enrichment in rare predicted LOF (pLOF) variants at 13 influenza susceptibility loci involved in TLR3-dependent type I IFN immunity (OR = 3.70[95%CI 1.3-8.2], P = 2.1 × 10-4). This enrichment was further strengthened by (1) adding the recently reported TYK2 and TLR7 COVID-19 loci, particularly under a recessive model (OR = 19.65[95%CI 2.1-2635.4], P = 3.4 × 10-3), and (2) considering as pLOF branchpoint variants with potentially strong impacts on splicing among the 15 loci (OR = 4.40[9%CI 2.3-8.4], P = 7.7 × 10-8). Finally, the patients with pLOF/bLOF variants at these 15 loci were significantly younger (mean age [SD] = 43.3 [20.3] years) than the other patients (56.0 [17.3] years; P = 1.68 × 10-5).Rare variants of TLR3- and TLR7-dependent type I IFN immunity genes can underlie life-threatening COVID-19, particularly with recessive inheritance, in patients under 60 years old.
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| 4. |
- Bergero, Roberta, et al.
(författare)
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Meiosis and beyond - understanding the mechanistic and evolutionary processes shaping the germline genome
- 2021
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Ingår i: Biological Reviews. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 1464-7931 .- 1469-185X. ; 96:3, s. 822-841
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- The separation of germ cell populations from the soma is part of the evolutionary transition to multicellularity. Only genetic information present in the germ cells will be inherited by future generations, and any molecular processes affecting the germline genome are therefore likely to be passed on. Despite its prevalence across taxonomic kingdoms, we are only starting to understand details of the underlying micro-evolutionary processes occurring at the germline genome level. These include segregation, recombination, mutation and selection and can occur at any stage during germline differentiation and mitotic germline proliferation to meiosis and post-meiotic gamete maturation. Selection acting on germ cells at any stage from the diploid germ cell to the haploid gametes may cause significant deviations from Mendelian inheritance and may be more widespread than previously assumed. The mechanisms that affect and potentially alter the genomic sequence and allele frequencies in the germline are pivotal to our understanding of heritability. With the rise of new sequencing technologies, we are now able to address some of these unanswered questions. In this review, we comment on the most recent developments in this field and identify current gaps in our knowledge.
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| 5. |
- Blennow Tullmar, Peter, et al.
(författare)
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Defect and electrical transport properties of Nb-doped SrTiO3
- 2008
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Ingår i: Solid State Ionics. - : Elsevier BV. - 0167-2738. ; 179:35-36, s. 2047-2058
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study reports the defect and electrical transport properties of Nb-doped SrTiO3, Samples with various A/B-ratios were synthesized by a modified glycine-nitrate combustion process and evaluated as a constituent in a SOFC anode. The phase purity and defect structure of the materials have been analyzed with SEM, XRD, TGA, and XANES. The electrical conductivity of Nb-doped strontium titanate (Sr0.94Ti0.9Nb0.1O3 - sintered in 9% H-2/N-2 at 1400 degrees C for 12 h) decreased with increasing temperature and showed a phonon scattering conduction mechanism with (sigma>120 S/cm at 1000 degrees C (in 9% H-2/N-2). The results were in agreement with the defect chemistry model of donor-doped SrTiO3 where the charge compensation changes from Sr vacancy compensation to the electronic type when samples are sintered in reducing atmosphere. XANES in combination with TGA indicated that Ti is the only species that is reduced to a lower oxidation state (from Ti4+ to Ti3+). The pre-edge fine structure (PEFS) from the XANES results indicated that Nb improved the overlap of the Ti atomic orbitals and thereby provided one more explanation for the positive effect of Nb on the electronic conductivity of Nb-doped SrTiO3. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 6. |
- Blennow Tullmar, Peter, et al.
(författare)
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Effects of Sr/Ti-ratio in SrTiO3-based SOFC anodes investigated by the use of cone-shaped electrodes
- 2006
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Ingår i: Electrochimica Acta. - : Elsevier BV. - 0013-4686. ; 52:4, s. 1651-1661
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this work the A-site deficiency limit for undoped SrTiO3, calcined in air or reducing atmosphere, was investigated. XRD and SEM analyses showed that when using the solid-state synthesis route it was difficult to achieve any A-site deficiency. Even very small deviations from unity in the Sr/Ti-ratio resulted in impurity phases. The effects of Sr/Ti-ratio on the performance of SrTiO3 anodes for solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) was investigated by impedance spectroscopy with cone-shaped electrodes. The electrocatalytic activity of the SrTiO3 cone samples, with various amount of reduced titanium dioxide phases (Magnéli phases), was investigated for oxidation of H2 at 700 °C. High temperature treatment at 1000 °C, between the measurements at 700 °C, showed that high content of Magnéli phases leads to faster degradation of the activity. The suitability for using cone-shaped electrodes as a tool for investigating electrode materials is discussed.
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| 7. |
- Blennow Tullmar, Peter, et al.
(författare)
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Electrochemical characterization and redox behavior of Nb-doped SrTiO3
- 2009
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Ingår i: Solid State Ionics. - : Elsevier BV. - 0167-2738. ; 180:1, s. 63-63
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Sr-vacancy compensated Nb-doped SrTiO3 with the nominal composition Sr0.94Ti0.9Nb0.1O3 has been evaluated as a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) anode material in terms of redox stability and electrochemical properties. Sr0.94Ti0.9Nb0.1O3 has been synthesized with a recently developed modified glycine-nitrate process. The phase purity and redox behavior have been analyzed with XRD and TGA. The electrochemical properties of Sr0.94Ti0.9Nb0.1O3 and a composite electrode of Sr0.94Ti0.9Nb0.1O3/YSZ have been investigated by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) on cone shaped electrodes and on electrodes in a symmetrical cell configuration. The experiments indicated that the Nb-doped SrTiO3 electrodes were redox stable and showed a potential ability to be used as a part of a SOFC anode. The electrochemical activity appeared to be governed by the concentration of defect species (especially Ti3+ and V-0(++)) in the vicinity of the triple phase boundaries. However, the electrocatalytic activity of the materials was not sufficient and it needs to be improved if Nb-doped SrTiO3 based materials are to be realized as SOFC anodes. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 8. |
- Blennow Tullmar, Peter, et al.
(författare)
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Niobium-doped strontium titanates as SOFC anodes
- 2008. - 4
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Ingår i: Advances in Solid Oxide Fuel Cells III. - 9780470196359 ; 28, s. 203-214
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Sr-vacancy compensated Nb-doped SrTiO3 with the nominal composition Sr0.94Ti09Nb0.1O3 has been evaluated as part of a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) anode material in terms of redox stability, electrical conductivity, as well as electrochemical properties. Sr0.94Ti0.9Nb0.1O3 has been synthesized with a recently developed modified glycine-nitrate process. The synthesized powders have been calcined and sintered in air or in 9% H 2 / N2 between 800 - 1400 °C After calcination the samples were single phase Nb-doped strontium titanate with grain sizes of less than 100 nm in diameter on average. The phase purity, defect structure, and microstructure of the materials have been analyzed with SEM, XRD, and TGA. The electrical conductivity of the Nb-doped titanate decreased with increasing temperature and showed a phonon scattering conduction mechanism with σ > 120 S/cm at 1000 °C (in 9 % H2 / N2). The electrochemical properties of Sr0.94Ti0.9Nb 0.1O3 and a composite electrode of Sr 0.94Ti0.9Nb0.1O3/YSZ have been investigated by using a symmetrical cell configuration. The tests indicated that the electrodes were redox stable and showed a potential ability of the Nb-doped titanates to be used as a part of a SOFC anode. However, the catalytic activity of the materials was not sufficient and it needs to be improved if titanate based materials are to be realized as constituents in SOFC anodes.
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| 9. |
- Blennow Tullmar, Peter, et al.
(författare)
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Synthesis of Nb-doped SrTiO3 by a modified glycine-nitrate process
- 2007
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Ingår i: Journal of the European Ceramic Society. - : Elsevier BV. - 0955-2219. ; 27:13-15, s. 3609-3612
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The objective of the present investigation was to develop a technique to synthesize submicronic particles of Nb-doped strontium titanate with a homogeneous composition. This was achieved by a modified glycine-nitrate process, using Ti-lactate, Nb-oxalate, and Sr(NO3)(2) as starting materials. A combination of both citric acid and glycine was needed in order to integrate the useful features of both complexation and combustion natures of citric acid and glycine, respectively. The amount of citric acid, glycine, and nitrates in the starting solution, as well as the source for extra nitrates, and the uniformity of heating during the thermal dehydration step were found to have significant influence on the final phase purity of the material. Calcination at 1100 degrees C in 7% H-2 in N-2 produced single phase Nb-doped strontium titanate with grain sizes of about 100 nm in diameter on average. (c) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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| 10. |
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