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- Guido, Maria Angela, et al.
(författare)
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Climate and vegetation dynamics of the Northern Apennines (Italy) during the Late Pleistocene and Holocene
- 2020
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Ingår i: Quaternary Science Reviews. - : Elsevier BV. - 0277-3791. ; 231, s. 1-17
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study reconstructs the regional vegetation and climate dynamics between the upper Late Pleistoceneand Holocene around Pian del Lago, a coastal mountain marshland located at 831 m asl in westernLiguria (NW-Italy), based on the pollen analysis of a 13 m-long sediment core. The record provided aunique opportunity to study a poorly documented period in northern Italy and across many parts ofsouthwestern Europe. We propose an event stratigraphy based upon the identification of seven interstadials(NAI-7 to NAI-1) spanning the upper Late Pleistocene. The correlation with other terrestrialrecords in Italy, and with Mediterranean marine sequences and the Greenland ice cores, permitted acoherent reconstruction of main environmental changes from >~43,000 cal. BP. Significantly, the pollenrecord indicates the persistence of a mesophilous mountain vegetation cover, mainly composed ofQuercus (deciduous and evergreen), Abies, Fagus and Alnus over the whole time period recorded. At theLast Glacial Maximum (LGM) and during the Late Würm Lateglacial, despite the presence of steppicvegetation composed of Artemisia, woodlands dominated by Pinus, with Abies, Picea, Fagus, Alnus andBetula are present. This forest composition provides an important insight into the history of Picea insouthern Europe and Late Pleistocene refugia for mesophilous species. During the Early Holocene, Pinusis first replaced by Abies and then by deciduous Quercus and mixed temperate species as the dominantforest component. Both arboreal and herbaceous anthropogenic pollen indicators only make theirappearance during the Late Holocene, attesting to the increasing importance of human activities.
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| 2. |
- Molinari, Chiara, et al.
(författare)
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Interdisciplinary approach for reconstructing an alder-based historical agricultural practice of the Eastern Ligurian Apennines (NW Italy)
- 2016
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Ingår i: Environmental Archaeology. - 1461-4103. ; 21:1, s. 31-44
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Data from four soil profiles studied through pollen and macroscopic charcoal analyses were used to identify specific palynological assemblages associated with a traditional land-use system documented in the Eastern Ligurian Apennines (NW Italy) between the 18th and early 20th century, concerning a cyclical use of grey alder plots for temporary cultivations involving to the use of controlled fire. This is the first attempt to verify on palynological evidence some hypotheses raised by previous historical ecology studies about the consequences of this agricultural practice (recently named alnocoltura) on past and present vegetation. Our investigations underline (1) high percentages of anthropogenic pollen indicators, (2) increase of Ericaceae percentages, (3) low pollen percentages of Alnus, (4) high macrocharcoal concentrations and (5) high values of palynological richness during periods affected by the alnocoltura cycle according to the historical sources. Similar patterns are also detectable in pollen diagrams from two adjacent peat bogs. The paper shows the strength of an interdisciplinary methodology (field observations, cartographical and archival historical data, palynological and archaeological investigations) for studies of past land-use systems. By demonstrating the necessity of a long-term prospective in environmental reconstructions for the preservation of the cultural landscape, one of the important elements of this research is its potential contribution to issues of habitat management and nature-conservation policy. Further analyses are needed to test the replicability and reliability of the hypotheses derived from this study.
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| 3. |
- Molinari, Chiara, et al.
(författare)
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The disappearance of cultural landscapes: the case of wooded-meadows in the Ligurian Apennines (NW Italy)
- 2018
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Ingår i: Interdisciplinaria Archaeologica. - : Archeologicke Centrum Olomouc. - 1804-848X. ; 9:2, s. 157-167
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The “wooded-meadows system” is a multifunctional use of vegetation resources widespread in Europesince the Neolithic, and well documented in the Ligurian Apennines (NW Italy) between the MiddleAges and the first half of the 19th century. The management of wooded-meadows included: collectionof fallen and dead branches in spring, later used for fuel; mowing and grazing in summer; collection ofsecondary products; making sheaves from branches in autumn, later used as cattle and sheep fodder;coppicing, pollarding and cutting of trees in winter.Three sites located in eastern Ligurian Apennines were studied by means of an interdisciplinaryapproach in order to better understand the impact and the consequences of this historical landusepractice on vegetation structure and composition. In particular, based on specific features ofpalynological diagrams, it was possible to conclude that (compared to the post-cultural phase) when thewooded-meadows system was in use, all the sites were characterized by: (1) lower pollen percentagesof trees; (2) higher pollen percentages of shrubs and herbs; (3) higher percentages of anthropogenicpollen indicators; (4) higher values of palynological richness.This research also represents a contribution to issues of nature-conservation policy for the preservationof cultural landscapes.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Tanaka, Toshikatsu, et al.
(författare)
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Dielectric Properties of XLPE/SiO2 Nanocomposites Based on CIGRE WG D1.24 Cooperative Test Results
- 2011
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Ingår i: IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation. - 1558-4135 .- 1070-9878. ; 18:5, s. 1484-1517
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A comprehensive experimental investigation of XLPE and its nanocomposite with fumed silica (SiO(2)) has been performed by CIGRE Working Group D1.24, in cooperative tests conducted by a number of members; covering materials characterization, real and imaginary permittivity, dc conductivity, space charge formation, dielectric breakdown strength, and partial discharge resistance. The research is unique, since all test samples were prepared by one source, and then evaluated by several expert members and their research organizations. The XLPE used for preparation of the nanocomposites was a standard commercial material used for extruded power cables. The improved XLPE samples, based on nanocomposite formulations with fumed silica, were prepared specifically for this study. Results of the different investigations are summarized in each section; conclusions are given. Overall, several important improvements over unfilled XLPE are confirmed, which augur well for future potential application in the field of extruded HV and EHV cables. Some differences/discrepancies in the data of participants are thought to be the result of instrumental and individual experimental technique differences.
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