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- Gärdlund, B, et al.
(författare)
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Randomised, controlled trial of low-dose heparin for prevention of fatal pulmonary embolism in patients with infectious diseases. The Heparin Prophylaxis Study Group.
- 1996
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Ingår i: The Lancet. - : Elsevier BV. - 0140-6736 .- 1474-547X. ; 347:9012, s. 1357-61
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Fatal pulmonary embolism and other thromboembolic complications are common in hospital inpatients. However, there is little evidence on the routine use of pharmacological thromboprophylaxis in non-surgical patients. We assessed the efficacy and safety of low-dose heparin in the prevention of hospital-acquired, clinically relevant, fatal pulmonary embolism in patients with infectious diseases.METHODS: Our study used the postrandomisation consent design. 19,751 consecutive patients, aged 55 years or older, admitted to departments of infectious diseases in six Swedish hospitals, were screened for inclusion in the randomised, controlled, unblinded, multicentre trial. Of the eligible patients, 5776 were assigned subcutaneous standard heparin (5000 IU every 12 h) until hospital discharge or for a maximum of 3 weeks; 5917 were assigned no prophylactic treatment (control group). We sought consent only from the heparin group. Follow-up was for 3 weeks after discharge from hospital or for a maximum of 60 days from randomisation. The primary endpoint was necropsy-verified pulmonary embolism of predefined clinical relevance.FINDINGS: By intention-to-treat analysis mortality was similar in the heparin and control groups (5.3 vs 5.6%, p = 0.39) and the median time from admission to death was 16 days in both groups (IQR 8-31 vs 6-28 days). Necropsy-verified pulmonary embolism occurred in 15 heparin-treated and 16 control-group patients. There was a significant difference between heparin and control groups in median time from randomisation to fatal pulmonary embolism (28 [24-36] vs 12.5 [10-20] days, p = 0.007). This difference corresponds to the duration of heparin prophylaxis. Non-fatal thromboembolic complications occurred in more of the control than of the heparin group (116 vs 70, p = 0.0012).INTERPRETATION: Our findings do not support the routine use of heparin prophylaxis for 3 weeks or less in large groups of non-surgical patients. Further studies are needed to investigate whether heparin prophylaxis of longer duration may prevent fatal pulmonary embolism.
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| 9. |
- Carlsson, N, et al.
(författare)
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IMPROVED SIZE HOMOGENEITY OF INP-ON-GAINP STRANSKI-KRASTANOW ISLANDS BY GROWTH ON A THIN GAP INTERFACE LAYER
- 1995
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Ingår i: Journal of Crystal Growth. - : Elsevier BV. - 0022-0248. ; 156:1-2, s. 23-29
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Coherent InP nano-sized islands, embedded into GaInP, have been grown by metal-organic vapour phase epitaxy using the Stranski-Krastanow growth mode. Photoluminescence, atomic force microscopy and transmission electron microscopy studies show that the insertion of a thin ∼ 4 monolayer thick GaP layer affects the critical thickness of the subsequently deposited two-dimensional InP wetting layer, increasing it from ∼ 1.5 monolayers (without an inserted GaP layer) to ∼ 2.5 monolayers (with an inserted GaP layer). We demonstrate that the inserted GaP layer affects also the island formation. The bimodal size distribution of Stranski-Krastanow islands, typical for low InP coverages, can be overcome without island coalescence by deposition on top of the thin GaP layer, where a coverage of InP of about 3.5–4.5 monolayers results in the formation of almost only the larger, fully developed, pyramidal islands. Annealing experiments at growth temperature of 580°C show that these islands (base area ≈ 40 × 50 nm2, height ≈ 10–15 nm, surface density ≈ (1−2) × 109 cm−2) are rather stable in a time-scale over several minutes before they slowly undergo an Ostwald ripening process.
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| 10. |
- Chaudhary, Shilpi, et al.
(författare)
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Adsorption of 3-(triethoxysilyl)propionitrile on a rutile TiO2(110) surface : An X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy study
- 2020
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Ingår i: DAE Solid State Physics Symposium 2019. - : AIP Publishing. - 1551-7616 .- 0094-243X. - 9780735420250 ; 2265
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The adsorption of 3-(triethoxysilyl)propionitrile (TESP) on a reduced rutile TiO2(110) surface has been investigated using synchrotron-based X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy in ultrahigh vacuum (UHV). We have studied TESP adsorption on two surface preparation of rutile TiO2 (110) to explore the role of surface defects. In the first preparation, the adsorption of TESP was studied on reduced TiO2 (110) surface at room temperature. In the second experiment TESP was adsorbed on the oxygen-treated TiO2 surface to quench the oxygen vacancies generated by UHVannealing of the TiO2 crystal. The molecular footprints of the TESP molecules confirms the adsorption on both types of TiO2(110) surfaces. In the case of the reduced surface, temperature-dependent XPS measurements show the thermal stability of TESP molecules up to 600 °C. The comparison of the nitrogen and carbon lineshapes for both preparations suggests different adsorption geometries on the reduced and oxygen-dosed surfaces. To the best of our knowledge, the UHV preparations and measurements of TESP adsorption on rutile TiO2 (110) in the present study are reported for the first time.
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