| 1. |
- Nordenankar, Karin, et al.
(författare)
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Increased hippocampal excitability and impaired spatial memory function in mice lacking VGLUT2 selectively in neurons defined by tyrosine hydroxylase promoter activity
- 2015
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Ingår i: Brain Structure and Function. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1863-2653 .- 1863-2661. ; 220:4, s. 2171-2190
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Three populations of neurons expressing the vesicular glutamate transporter 2 (Vglut2) were recently described in the A10 area of the mouse midbrain, of which two populations were shown to express the gene encoding, the rate-limiting enzyme for catecholamine synthesis, tyrosine hydroxylase (TH).One of these populations ("TH-Vglut2 Class1") also expressed the dopamine transporter (DAT) gene while one did not ("TH-Vglut2 Class2"), and the remaining population did not express TH at all ("Vglut2-only"). TH is known to be expressed by a promoter which shows two phases of activation, a transient one early during embryonal development, and a later one which gives rise to stable endogenous expression of the TH gene. The transient phase is, however, not specific to catecholaminergic neurons, a feature taken to advantage here as it enabled Vglut2 gene targeting within all three A10 populations expressing this gene, thus creating a new conditional knockout. These knockout mice showed impairment in spatial memory function. Electrophysiological analyses revealed a profound alteration of oscillatory activity in the CA3 region of the hippocampus. In addition to identifying a novel role for Vglut2 in hippocampus function, this study points to the need for improved genetic tools for targeting of the diversity of subpopulations of the A10 area.
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| 2. |
- Nordlind, Klas, et al.
(författare)
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Expression of serotonergic receptors in psoriatic skin
- 2006
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Ingår i: Archives of Dermatological Research. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0340-3696 .- 1432-069X. ; 298:3, s. 99-106
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Psoriasis appears to be influenced by stress, which causes release of adrenal hormones. Serotonin, or hormonal actions on serotonin and serotonin receptors, may have a role in psoriasis. Distribution of serotonin receptors was studied in involved and noninvolved skin in patients with psoriasis and compared to normal skin, by using immunohistochemistry and antibodies to 5-HT1A, 5-HT2A and 5-HT3 receptors (R). There was a decreased (P < 0.001) number of 5-HT1AR positive cells, the majority being tryptase positive, in involved and noninvolved psoriatic papillary dermis, compared to normal skin. 5-HT1AR expression was also found in the upper part of the epidermis, on vessel walls and on melanocytes. 5-HT2AR expressing papillary mononuclear cells, CD3 positive, were increased (P < 0.001 and P < 0.01, respectively) in involved and noninvolved psoriatic skin, compared to normal skin, an increase (P < 0.01) also being found in the involved compared to noninvolved skin. Expression of 5-HT3R could be found in the basal epidermal layer of noninvolved but not in the involved skin of psoriasis, where it was only found in the acrosyringium. The present findings are compatible with the 5-HT1A and 5-HT2A receptors having antagonistic functions, and raise the possibility of using receptor specific drugs in the treatment of psoriasis.
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| 3. |
- Trudeau, Louis-Eric, et al.
(författare)
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The multilingual nature of dopamine neurons
- 2014
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Ingår i: Dopamine. - : Elsevier. - 9780444634276 - 9780444634252 ; , s. 141-164
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The ability of dopamine (DA) neurons to release other transmitters in addition to DA itself has been increasingly recognized, hence the concept of their multilingual nature. A subset of DA neurons, mainly found in the ventral tegmental area, express VGLUT2, allowing them to package and release glutamate onto striatal spiny projection neurons and cholinergic interneurons. Some dopaminergic axon terminals release GABA. Glutamate release by DA neurons has a developmental role, facilitating axonal growth and survival, and may determine in part the critical contribution of the ventral striatum to psychostimulant-induced behavior. Vesicular glutamate coentry may have synergistic effects on vesicular DA filling. The multilingual transmission of DA neurons across multiple striatal domains and the increasing insight into the role of glutamate cotransmission in the ventral striatum highlight the importance of analyzing DA neuron transmission at the synaptic level.
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