| 1. |
- de Graaff, Anne M., et al.
(författare)
-
Scalable psychological interventions for Syrian refugees in Europe and the Middle East : STRENGTHS study protocol for a prospective individual participant data meta-analysis
- 2022
-
Ingår i: BMJ Open. - : BMJ. - 2044-6055. ; 12:4
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction The World Health Organization's (WHO) scalable psychological interventions, such as Problem Management Plus (PM+) and Step-by-Step (SbS) are designed to be cost-effective non-specialist delivered interventions to reduce symptoms of common mental disorders, such as anxiety, depression and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The STRENGTHS consortium aims to evaluate the effectiveness, cost-effectiveness and implementation of the individual format of PM+ and its group version (gPM+), as well as of the digital SbS intervention among Syrian refugees in seven countries in Europe and the Middle East. This is a study protocol for a prospective individual participant data (IPD) meta-analysis to evaluate (1) overall effectiveness and cost-effectiveness and (2) treatment moderators of PM+, gPM+ and SbS with Syrian refugees. Methods and analysis Five pilot randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and seven fully powered RCTs conducted within STRENGTHS will be combined into one IPD meta-analytic dataset. The RCTs include Syrian refugees of 18 years and above with elevated psychological distress (Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K10>15)) and impaired daily functioning (WHO Disability Assessment Schedule 2.0 (WHODAS 2.0>16)). Participants are randomised into the intervention or care as usual control group, and complete follow-up assessments at 1-week, 3-month and 12-month follow-up. Primary outcomes are symptoms of depression and anxiety (25-item Hopkins Symptom Checklist). Secondary outcomes include daily functioning (WHODAS 2.0), PTSD symptoms (PTSD Checklist for DSM-5) and self-identified problems (PSYCHLOPS). We will conduct a one-stage IPD meta-analysis using linear mixed models. Quality of evidence will be assessed using the GRADE approach, and the economic evaluation approach will be assessed using the CHEC-list. Ethics and dissemination Local ethical approval has been obtained for each RCT. This IPD meta-analysis does not require ethical approval. The results of this study will be published in international peer-reviewed journals.
|
|
| 2. |
- Ernst, Jutta, et al.
(författare)
-
Burnout, depression and anxiety among Swiss medical students-A network analysis
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Journal of Psychiatric Research. - : Elsevier BV. - 0022-3956 .- 1879-1379. ; 143, s. 196-201
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- It is well established that burnout in medical students is associated with depression and anxiety at a syndromal level. Moreover, there is an ongoing debate about the extent to which burnout overlaps with depression and anxiety. The emerging network approach to psychopathology offers a new perspective on the interrelations between mental disorders focusing on symptom-level association. In this cross-sectional study, we exploratively investigated the associations among burnout, depression, and anxiety in 574 swiss medical students using a network analytic approach for the first time. Symptoms of depression and anxiety were assessed with the Patient Health Questionnaire and Generalized Anxiety Disorder respectively. Burnout was assessed with two single-item questions, one referring to emotional exhaustion and the other to depersonalization. We found a dense network in which at least one dimension of burnout was related to eleven of the sixteen included symptoms. This suggests that burnout is closely related to depression and anxiety but also has its own characteristics. Notably, suicidal ideation was not associated with either emotional exhaustion or depersonalization after adjusting for the influence of the remaining symptoms of anxiety and depression. Hence, the well-documented relationship between burnout and suicidal ideation in medical students may be entirely mediated by the experience of anxiety and depression. Hence, the well-documented relationship between burnout and suicidal ideation in medical students might be fully mediated by the experience of anxiety and depression. The collection of the sample after the first wave of infections during the SARS-CoV2 pandemic and the non-representativeness of the investigated sample limit the study's generalizability.
|
|
| 3. |
- Hoffman, Joel, et al.
(författare)
-
Mapping the availability of translated versions of posttraumatic stress disorder screening questionnaires for adults : A scoping review
- 2022
-
Ingår i: European Journal of Psychotraumatology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 2000-8198 .- 2000-8066. ; 13:2
-
Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The most used questionnaires for PTSD screening in adults were developed in English. Although many of these questionnaires were translated into other languages, the procedures used to translate them and to evaluate their reliability and validity have not been consistently documented. This comprehensive scoping review aimed to compile the currently available translated and evaluated questionnaires used for PTSD screening, and highlight important gaps in the literature.Objective: This review aimed to map the availability of translated and evaluated screening questionnaires for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) for adults.Methods: All peer-reviewed studies in which a PTSD screening questionnaire for adults was translated, and which reported at least one result of a qualitative and /or quantitative evaluation procedure were included. The literature was searched using Embase, MEDLINE, and APA PsycInfo, citation searches and contributions from study team members. There were no restrictions regarding the target languages of the translations. Data on the translation procedure, the qualitative evaluation, the quantitative evaluation (dimensionality of the questionnaire, reliability, and performance), and open access were extracted.Results: A total of 866 studies were screened, of which 126 were included. Collectively, 128 translations of 12 different questionnaires were found. Out of these, 105 (83.3%) studies used a forward and backward translation procedure, 120 (95.2%) assessed the reliability of the translated questionnaire, 60 (47.6%) the dimensionality, 49 (38.9%) the performance, and 42 (33.3%) used qualitative evaluation procedures. Thirty-four questionnaires (27.0%) were either freely available or accessible on request.Conclusions: The analyses conducted and the description of the methods and results varied substantially, making a quality assessment impractical. Translations into languages spoken in middle- or low-income countries were underrepresented. In addition, only a small proportion of all translated questionnaires were available. Given the need for freely accessible translations, an online repository was developed.
|
|
