| 1. |
- Farhangi, Mosen, et al.
(författare)
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Planning Education and Transformative Capacity for Climate-Neutral Cities
- 2023
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Ingår i: Journal of planning education and research. - : SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC. - 0739-456X .- 1552-6577.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To achieve their goal to become climate neutral, Swedish municipalities must significantly improve their transformative capacities. Adapting the roles and practices of urban planners is an important element in this process. This paper critically reflects on the way in which improved planning education may help to enable a new generation of planners to face the challenges of rapid urban transformation and provides them with the knowledge and tools needed for these new roles. The results suggest that there are interdependencies between the demand of municipalities for knowledge and skills and the capacity of educational programs for educating planners with transformative abilities.
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| 2. |
- Lorant, Tomas, 1975-, et al.
(författare)
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Safety, immunogenicity, pharmacokinetics, and efficacy of degradation of anti-HLA antibodies by IdeS (imlifidase) in chronic kidney disease patients
- 2018
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Ingår i: American Journal of Transplantation. - : Elsevier BV. - 1600-6135 .- 1600-6143. ; 18:11, s. 2752-2762
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Safety, immunogenicity, pharmacokinetics, and efficacy of the IgG-degrading enzyme of Streptococcus pyogenes (IdeS [imlifidase]) were assessed in a single-center, open-label ascending-dose study in highly sensitized patients with chronic kidney disease. Eight patients with cytotoxic PRAs (median cytotoxic PRAs of 64%) at enrollment received 1 or 2 intravenous infusions of IdeS on consecutive days (0.12 mg/kg body weight ×2 [n = 3]; 0.25 mg/kg ×1 [n = 3], or 0.25 mg/kg ×2 [n = 2]). IgG degradation was observed in all subjects after IdeS treatment, with <1% plasma IgG remaining within 48 hours and remaining low up to 7 days. Mean fluorescence intensity values of HLA class I and II reactivity were substantially reduced in all patients, and C1q binding to anti-HLA was abolished. IdeS also cleaved the IgG-type B cell receptor on CD19+ memory B cells. Anti-IdeS antibodies developed 1 week after treatment, peaking at 2 weeks. A few hours after the second IdeS infusion, 1 patient received a deceased donor kidney offer. At enrollment, the patient had a positive serum crossmatch (HLA-B7), detected by complement-dependent cytotoxicity, flow cytometry, and multiplex bead assays. After IdeS infusion (0.12 mg/kg ×2) and when the HLA-incompatible donor (HLA-B7+) kidney was offered, the HLA antibody profile was negative. The kidney was transplanted successfully.
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| 3. |
- Mosén, Kristina, et al.
(författare)
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Particle formation and capture during spray drying of inhalable particles
- 2004
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Ingår i: Pharmaceutical Development and Technology. - 1083-7450. ; 9:4, s. 409-417
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- An investigation of the spray drying process is made in great detail regarding particle formation and capture efficiency with focus on the production of inhalable particles. Mannitol was spray dried as model substance and the spray-dried products were characterized. The resulting products consisted of smooth spheres with a volume median diameter of 2.2-5.5 mum, and narrow size distributions. The investigation was performed in pilot scale of sufficient size to draw general conclusions and make some recommendations. It has been shown that the size of particles is decreased when the feed concentration is decreased, the nozzle gas/feed flow mass ratio increased, and the droplet size decreased. The collection efficiency of the cyclone device used in this study was shown to have a cut-off of 2 mum, i.e., 50% of the particles less than 2 mum are not captured. The data reported indicate that the majority of the single particles formed here, <5 μm, arise from single droplets (of about 10 μm) and are solid, nonporous particles.
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| 4. |
- Mosén, Kristina
(författare)
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Spray drying of particles intended for inhalation - Investigation of significant process variables and product characteristics, with focus on degradation and solid state properties
- 2003
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The interest in spray drying for production of inhalable particles has grown considerably since the late 1980s. However, which process variables that control degradation and the solid state properties have not been subject to extensive research. This thesis deals with how important characteristics of inhalation particles can be controlled, i.e. particle size, morphology, degradation and crystallinity. The spray drying was performed in laboratory scale and pilot plant scale. Insulin, lactose, mannitol, melezitose, myo-inositol, raffinose and trehalose were used. In addition, in one study, the effect of an additive, polyethylene glycol (PEG), on the crystallinity of a material with a high glass transition temperature (Tg °C) (lactose) was studied. Particles within the inhalable size range, < 5 micrometers, were produced of insulin and the carbohydrates. The particle size was shown to be decreased by decreased feed concentration, increased nozzle gas/feed flow mass ratio and decreased inlet gas temperature (insulin). The particle morphology depends on the starting material. Degradation of insulin could be avoided at mild drying conditions (outlet gas temperature below 120 °C). The degradation increased at increased inlet gas temperature and outlet gas temperature. Mannitol and myo-inositol were crystalline after spray drying while the other carbohydrates were amorphous. A comparison of the obtained crystallinities and the conditions in the spray dryer during processing (gas- and product temperatures, gas relative humidities etc.) showed that substances with a Tg below room temperature will become crystalline and those with a Tg above 100 °C amorphous. The crystallization temperature (Tc °C) must not exceed the outlet gas temperature (Tout °C) and the Tg must be about 50 °C below the Tout to obtain a crystalline product. The addition of PEG to lactose increased the crystallinity of lactose at increased PEG concentration and at decreased PEG molecular weight. PEG 200 resulted in the most crystalline samples (50-60% crystallinity of the lactose/PEG samples at a plateau level) and the mechanism for the effect of PEG is discussed in the thesis.
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| 5. |
- Mosén, Kristina, et al.
(författare)
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The apparent plasticizing effect of polyethylene glycol (PEG) on the crystallinity of spray dried lactose/PEG composites
- 2006
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Ingår i: European Journal of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics. - : Elsevier BV. - 0939-6411. ; 64:2, s. 206-211
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aqueous solutions of lactose and polyethylene glycol (PEG) were spray dried in a Buchi Model 191 spray dryer with the aim to investigate the effect of PEG on the crystallinity of the composite. A PEG concentration of 10.7% by weight of solids was studied for PEG 200, 600, 1500, 4000 and 8000. For PEG 200 and 4000 additional concentrations from 1.5-19.3% to 1.5-32.4%, respectively, were investigated. The spray dried composites were analysed with X-ray powder diffraction and modulating differential scanning calorimetry. The crystallinity of lactose in the composites varied from 0% to 60%, dependent on the molecular weight and concentration of PEG. Apparently, lactose crystallinity is promoted by low molecular weight and high concentration of the PEG. PEG did not affect the lactose glass transition temperature. It is suggested that lactose and PEG are solidified separately during spray drying and that partial crystallization of lactose is associated with effects of PEG on the rate of drying.
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| 6. |
- Skill, Karin, 1974-, et al.
(författare)
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Size matters : action space for sustainability transition among planners in Swedish municipalities
- 2023
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Ingår i: Urban Research and Practice. - : Taylor & Francis. - 1753-5069 .- 1753-5077.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We analyse the action space for strategic planning and sustain-ability transition among planners in Swedish municipalities. We use qualitative and quantitative materials from 103 survey responses obtained from Swedish municipal planners. Our analysis shows that the size and type (e.g. population and density) of the municipality where the planners work are connected to their perceived action space, where policies for densely populated cities are less relevant for rural municipalities. Even if size matters for the action space for sustainability transition, this action space can be modified (e.g. access to resources and participation in networks) and continuously constructed.
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