| 1. |
- Mourad, Khaldoon A., et al.
(författare)
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Culture of Medicinal Plants in the city of Fortaleza as a proposal for the sustainable development of the municipality
- 2015
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Ingår i: International Journal of Life Science and Engineering. ; 1:4, s. 177-182
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Medicinal plants cultivation has grown all over the world. This paper studies the role of Medicinal plants cultivation in sustainable development. The research takes the city of Fortaleza in Brazil as a case study. The results show that the proposed Living Pharmacy Program, which has been implanting for more than 20 years since 1990 in the municipality of Fortaleza, is enlarging the access of the population to the medicinal plants and physiotherapeutic medications, awakening their ecological conscience and thus contributing to economic and sustainable development of the municipality.
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| 2. |
- Mourad, Khaldoon A., et al.
(författare)
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Modeling tool for air stripping and carbon adsorbers to remove trace organic contaminants
- 2012
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Ingår i: International Journal of Thermal Environmental Engineering. - : International Association for Sharing Knowledge and Sustainability. - 1923-7308 .- 1923-7316. ; 4:1, s. 99-106
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Removal of trace organic contaminants from aqueous solutions by air strippers (AS) and fixed bed carbon adsorper (FBCA) has been studied. A trace organic treatment tool has been developed to capture and adapt the best-known designprocedures and to have all regulated trace organics, their physical and chemical properties, and the corresponding maximum concentration limits. Outputs include the selected treatment method and the final design parameters of airstripper or fixed bed carbon adsorber. Running the model shows that water temperature is a very important factor in designing AS and FBA. It also shows that the best air pressure values, in AS, ranged between 150 -200 ATM. And there is a big relation between the column size and the packing material. On the other hand, it shows that FBA diameter has an obvious effect on the needed volume, and the best values ranged between 1.2 – 2.5 m.
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| 3. |
- Aboniyo, Josiane, et al.
(författare)
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Role of Community Based Organizations in Transferring Climate Change Information in Rwanda
- 2017
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Ingår i: Research Journal of Environmental Sciences. - : Science Alert. - 2151-8238 .- 1819-3412. ; 11:4, s. 156-169
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background and Objective: Climate change poses a threat for agriculture and development in Rwanda. The agricultural sector in Rwanda is the engine of economic growth and modernization. This study examines the role of community based organizations (CBOs) in transferring climate change information to farmers’ communities in Rwanda. Materials and Methods: Three districts (Kirehe, Rwamagana and Ngoma) were studied and two active CBOs (RWIRRI and RADO) were selected for data collection. A total of 100 farmer households were interviewed. A focus group discussion of fifteen participants was conducted in the community. Results: The results showed that the CBOs played a good role in increasing farmers’ awareness related to climate change and adaptation strategies. CBOs had built a capacity in the local communities regarding improved agricultural methods, climate variability and climate change effects. The adaptation strategies could improve the livelihood conditions of the communities. Conclusion: CBOs had played a role in increasing farmers’ awareness and had built their capacity regarding to climate change and crops productivity.
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| 4. |
- Almasalmeh, O, et al.
(författare)
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Soil erosion and sediment transport modelling using hydrological models and remote sensing techniques in Wadi Billi, Egypt
- 2021
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Ingår i: Modeling Earth Systems and Environment. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2363-6203 .- 2363-6211. ; 8:1, s. 1215-1226
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Modelling soil erosion and sediment transport are vital to assess the impact of the flash floods. However, limited research works have studied sediment transport, especially in Egypt. This paper employs the HEC-HMS lumped hydrological model to predict the sediment load due to the flood event of 9th March 2014 in Wadi Billi, Egypt. The Modified USLE model has been used to calculate the total upland erosion, while Laursen-Copeland has been used to simulate load streams' sediment transport potential. The Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) has been applied over Landsat 8 image captured on 20th February 2014 using ArcMap 10.5 to determine the vegetation cover based on its spectral footprint. The resulted sedigraph showed accumulation of more than five thousand tons of sediments at the Wadi's outlet. The results are crucial to design a suitable stormwater management system to protect the downstream urban area and to use flood water for groundwater recharge.
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| 5. |
- Berrezel, Y. A., et al.
(författare)
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Decision support system for the management of water distribution networks a case study of Tourville, Algeria
- 2023
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Ingår i: Larhyss Journal. - : Research Laboratory in Subterranean and Surface Hydraulics, University of Biskra. - 1112-3680. ; 2023:54, s. 7-24
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The analysis of the current situation of water distribution networks (WDNs) is based on many alternatives that are technically feasible and implemented by decision makers. Taking the WDN of Tourville city as a case study, this paper combines a set of decision support systems (DSSs), including geographic information systems (GISs), multicriteria analysis and hydraulic simulation models, to establish a multicriteria decision-making aid method for the renovation and rehabilitation of water distribution networks. This combination creates an expert management system based on multicriteria decision making that strengthens the optimization of the management of water distribution networks in terms of renovation and rehabilitation. After dividing the water distribution network into three emergency levels, it was concluded that 26% of the network is in urgent need of rehabilitation.
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| 6. |
- Bizuhoraho, Theobald, et al.
(författare)
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The Effect of Land Use Systems on Soil Properties; A case study from Rwanda
- 2018
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Ingår i: Sustainable Agriculture Research. - : Canadian Center of Science and Education. - 1927-0518 .- 1927-050X. ; 7:2, s. 30-40
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Land use change has a significant impact on the ecosystem. In this paper the effects of land use change on the physicochemical properties of the soil in Rulindo District, Rwanda have been studied. Three different land use types were selected; forestland, cattle farmland and cultivated land. A randomised complete block research design was used to carry out this research. Nine soil samples were collected and then analysed. The distributed samples were analysed in the Soil Laboratory of University of Rwanda-Busogo campus, while the undisturbed samples were analysed in-situ. Eight physicochemical properties were measured: pH, Organic Matter (OM), available nitrogen, available phosphorus, exchangeable potassium, soil bulk density, moisture content and porosity. The results showed that changing land use from forest or farm to cultivated land reduced the organic matter, available nitrogen, soil moisture and porosity while bulk density and pH were significantly increasing. On the other hand, the exchangeable potassium and exchangeable phosphorus did not change significantly for the both land use changes. Hence, the reduction of forestland and farmland are highly sensible to erosion and will decline soil fertility. The paper proposed few steps and recommendations to be the base for a new sustainable land use management in Rwanda.
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| 7. |
- Chidya, Russel C. G., et al.
(författare)
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Standards Compliance and Health Implications of Bottled Water in Malawi
- 2019
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Ingår i: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. - : MDPI AG. - 1660-4601. ; 16:6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Many people around the globe prefer bottled water especially in developing countries, where tap water is not drinkable. This study investigated the quality of bottled drinking water sold in Lilongwe city, Malawi. Compliance with Malawi Standards (MS) 560 (2004) for natural mineral water, MS 699 (2004) for bottled water and the World Health Organisation guidelines for drinking water were examined. Bottled water from different 12 brands was purchased from local stores and analysed for its pH, total dissolved solids (TDS), EC, turbidity, Ca, Mg, Na, K, Fe, NO3−, Cl−, F−, SO42−, hardness, alkalinity, and Escherichia coli. A Hierarchical Cluster Analysis (HCA) resulted in two clusters in which most of the brands (92%, n = 12) belonged to one group. The two clusters and significant differences (ANOVA p < 0.05) in chemical compositions among the brands were attributed to the variations in the water source and the treatment processes. The results showed that 10 brands did not comply with the MS 699 (2004) turbidity standard (1 NTU) and the pH of one of the brands was below the minimum MS 699 (2004) standard of 6.50. This research showed that 12 brands had bottle labelling errors and discrepancies in chemical composition. The article highlighted the need for a strict inspection from the responsible governmental ministry to improve water quality and to adjust water bottles’ labels according to water characteristics.
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| 8. |
- Durodola, Oludare Sunday, et al.
(författare)
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Modelling Maize Yield and Water Requirements under Different Climate Change Scenarios
- 2020
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Ingår i: Climate. - : MDPI. - 2225-1154. ; 8:11
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- African countries such as Nigeria are anticipated to be more susceptible to the impacts of climate change due to large dependence on rainfed agriculture and to several uncertainties in the responses of crop production to climate change. The impacts of climate change on crop water requirements (CWR), irrigation water requirements (IWR), yields and crop water productivity (CWP) of rainfed maize in Ogun-Osun River Basin, Nigeria were evaluated for a baseline period (1986-2015) and future projection period (2021-2099) under Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP) 4.5 and RCP 8.5 scenarios. For the baseline period, there is no significant trend within the variables studied. However, IWR is projected to increase significantly by up to 140% in the future period, while yield might likely decline under both scenarios up to -12%. This study shows that in the future periods, supplemental irrigation has little impact in improving yields, but an increase in soil fertility can improve yields and CWP by up to 80% in 2099. This paper offers useful information on suitable adaptation measures which could be implemented by stakeholders and policymakers to counterbalance the effects of climate change on crop production.
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| 9. |
- Durodola, Oludare Sunday, et al.
(författare)
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Modelling the impacts of climate change on soybeans water use and yields in Ogun-Ona river basin, Nigeria
- 2020
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Ingår i: Agriculture (Switzerland). - : MDPI AG. - 2077-0472. ; 10:12
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- African countries such as Nigeria are anticipated to be more susceptible to the impacts of climate change due to reliance on rainfed agriculture. In this regard, the impacts of climate change on crop water requirements (CWR), yields and crop water productivity (CWP) of soybean in the Ogun-Ona River Basin, Nigeria, were evaluated for the baseline period (1986–2015) and future period (2021–2099) under Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP) 4.5 and 8.5 scenarios using AquaCrop Version 6.1. Future climate projections from the Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute’s climate models (HadGEM2-ES and RCA4) were used in simulating the future scenarios. The results show that for the baseline period, CWR and yield are increasing while CWP shows a slight increase. For the future period, the CWR is projected to fluctuate and depend on the rainfall pattern. Meanwhile, carbon dioxide fertilization has positive effects on yield and is projected to increase up to 40% under RCP 8.5. The results of this study certainly offer useful information on suitable adaption measures which could be implemented by stakeholders and policymakers to improve soybean productivity in Nigeria.
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| 10. |
- Habumugisha, Vincent, et al.
(författare)
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The Effects of Trees on Soils Chemistry
- 2019
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Ingår i: Current Environmental Engineering. - : Bentham Science Publishers Ltd.. - 2212-7186 .- 2212-7178. ; 6:1, s. 1-10
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Trees often affect the chemical properties of soil, positively or negatively. This paper studied the effects of Podocarpus falcatus and Markhamia lutea trees on soil chemis- try in Ruhande Arboretum, Rwanda. Soil samples were collected using Zigzag method from Arboretum forest of Ruhande at different depths (0-20, 20-40 and 40-60 cm). For each plot, 25 samples were collected to make one composite sample per plot for each depth. The re- sults showed that tree species contributed to the changes of soil chemistry along the depths of the soil layers. The laboratory analyses showed that there was a high significant influence of tree species on soil pH and Aluminum ions. However, it was observed that there is no significant influence of Podocarpus falcatus and Markhamia lutea species on the available phosphorus or on the total exchangeable acidity. On the other hand, analyzing soil samples under Markhamia lutea showed an increase in the total nitrogen and a decrease in the pH and available phosphorus. Therefore, it was recommended that under acidic soils, forestry and agroforestry actors should use less acidifying tree species, such as Markhamia lutea and Podocarpus falcatus.
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