| 1. |
- Aleknavičius, D., et al.
(författare)
-
Can crickets recognise bacterially contaminated feed? Gryllus assimilis odour perception of Escherichia coli
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Journal of Insects as Food and Feed. - 2352-4588. ; 9:7, s. 947-954
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Edible crickets Acheta domesticus and Gryllus assimilis are worldwide mass-reared insects. They are recognised as a sustainable source of protein in the food and feed industries and, in relation to this, must comply with food safety requirements. In this study, we assessed the self-protective ability of crickets to recognise potentially hazardous bacteria-contaminated feed. A two-choice test was carried out to estimate the crickets’ preference between the bacteria-contaminated and control feed. Three bacterial species were tested as potential contaminants: Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Bacillus subtilis. A. domesticus did not recognise feed contaminated with any of the bacterial species tested. G. assimilis avoided E. coli-contaminated feed, while the other two bacteria did not cause differences in feeding behaviour. The study of gas chromatography-electroantennogram detection showed that E. coli released a volatile compound, which was olfactory perceived by both males and females of G. assimilis. The compound was identified as indole. In a behavioural test, crickets spent less time feeding on indole-contaminated feed compared to control feed. Hence, indole induced an avoidance response in G. assimilis. It can be concluded that G. assimilis perceives and recognises some bacteria contaminants and thereby avoids spoiled feed.
|
|
| 2. |
- Azeem, Muhammad, et al.
(författare)
-
Chemical composition and repellent activity of native plants essential against dengue mosquito, Aedes aegypti
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Industrial crops and products (Print). - : Elsevier BV. - 0926-6690 .- 1872-633X. ; 140
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aedes aegypti L. (Diptera: Culicidae) mosquito is an important vector of chikungunya, dengue and yellow fever. Plant based essential oils may serve as good alternatives to commercially available mosquito repellent, DEET. Steam distillation was used for the extraction of essential oils from fresh collected aerial parts of plants viz Chenopodium ambrosioides, Conyza sumatrensis, Erigeron canadensis, Eucalyptus camaldulensis, Mentha spicata, Parthenium hysterophorus, and Tagetes minuta. The essential oils were tested for mosquito repellent activity against laboratory reared female Ae. aegypti by human bait technique. Identification of chemical constituents of essential oils was carried out by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The essential oil of M. spicata, E. canadensis, P. hysterophorus, C. sumatrensis, T. minuta, C. ambrosioides, and E. camaldulensis exhibited 100%, 80%, 63.9%, 51.4%, 50.2%, 39.7%, and 13.7% mosquito repellent activity respectively, at the tested dose of 30 mu g/cm(2). The most abundant constituents of M. spicata, E. canadensis, P. hysterophorus, C. sumatrensis and T. minuta essential oils were piperitenone oxide (47.1%), limonene (41.3%), germacrene D (36.6%), cis-lachnophyllum ester (33.3%) and dihydrotagetone (20.9%) respectively. M. spicata essential oil completely inhibited the attractiveness of human hands toward female mosquitoes for more than 45 min thus showed bioactivity comparable to that of commercially used mosquito repellent, DEET. This study suggests that the dilute solution of M. spicata essential oil could be used as potent mosquito repellent against Ae. aegypti alternative to commercially available synthetic mosquito repellents.
|
|
| 3. |
- Bohman, Björn, et al.
(författare)
-
Identification of (Z)-8-Heptadecene and n-Pentadecane as Electrophysiologically Active Compounds in Ophrys insectifera and Its Argogorytes Pollinator
- 2020
-
Ingår i: International Journal of Molecular Sciences. - : MDPI AG. - 1661-6596 .- 1422-0067. ; 21:2
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Sexually deceptive orchids typically depend on specific insect species for pollination, which are lured by sex pheromone mimicry. European Ophrys orchids often exploit specific species of wasps or bees with carboxylic acid derivatives. Here, we identify the specific semiochemicals present in O. insectifera, and in females of one of its pollinator species, Argogorytes fargeii. Headspace volatile samples and solvent extracts were analysed by GC-MS and semiochemicals were structurally elucidated by microderivatisation experiments and synthesis. (Z)-8-Heptadecene and n-pentadecane were confirmed as present in both O. insectifera and A. fargeii female extracts, with both compounds being found to be electrophysiologically active to pollinators. The identified semiochemicals were compared with previously identified Ophrys pollinator attractants, such as (Z)-9 and (Z)-12-C-27-C-29 alkenes in O. sphegodes and (Z)-9-octadecenal, octadecanal, ethyl linoleate and ethyl oleate in O. speculum, to provide further insights into the biosynthesis of semiochemicals in this genus. We propose that all these currently identified Ophrys semiochemicals can be formed biosynthetically from the same activated carboxylic acid precursors, after a sequence of elongation and decarbonylation reactions in O. sphegodes and O. speculum, while in O. insectifera, possibly by decarbonylation without preceding elongation.
|
|
| 4. |
- Borg-Karlson, Anna-Karin, et al.
(författare)
-
Solid phase micro extraction technique used for collecting semiochemicals. Identification of volatiles released by individual signalling Phyllonorycter sylvella moths
- 1996
-
Ingår i: Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C - A Journal of Biosciences. - : Walter de Gruyter GmbH. - 0939-5075 .- 1865-7125. ; 51:7-8, s. 599-602
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The SPME (solid phase micro extraction) technique was used in the collection of volatiles released by calling females of the 4-6 mm long tentiform leafminer moth Phyllonorycter sylvella (Lepidoptera, Gracillariidae). The volatiles released by the calling P. sylvella females were identified by CC-MS as a mixture of Z10-tetradecenyl acetate (92%), E10-tetradecenyl acetate (2%) and Z8-tetradecenyl acetate (6%). The amount of volatiles released by one calling female during three hours and collected on a polydimethylsiloxane fibre, was as large as the amount extracted from the glands of 20 females. The SPME technique gives the opportunity of continuously following the release of behaviour mediated signals from weak scented living organisms.
|
|
| 5. |
- Buda, V., et al.
(författare)
-
C18 Dienes as attractants for eighteen clearwing (Sesiidae), tineid (Tineidae), and choreutid (Choreutidae) moth species
- 1993
-
Ingår i: Journal of Chemical Ecology. - 0098-0331 .- 1573-1561. ; 19:4, s. 799-813
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- By screening singly and binary mixed 2,13- and 3,13-octadecadien-yl acetates and alcohols (2,13- and 3,13-18: Ac/OH)in Lithuania, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, and the far east of Russia, sex attractants were discovered for 12 Sesiidae, four Tineidae, and one Choreutidae moth species. Males of Sesia yezoensis and Bembecia puella as well as Nemapogon flavifrons were attracted by mixture of Z3,Z13-18:Ac/OH in a ratio of 9:1, Pyropteron sp. n. by the same mixture (ratio 1:9), Bembecia romanovi and B. zuwandica by Z3,Z13-18:AC and E3,Z13-18:Ac (9:1), Synanthedon caucasicum by the same mixture in the opposite ratio (1:9), B. scopigera by 23,213-18:Ac and E2,Z13-18:OH in a ratio 9:1, Synasphecia triannuliformis by Z3,Z13-18:OH and E3,Z13-18:OH (9: 1), Similipepsis takizawai and Archimeessia sp. n. by E3,Z13-18:OH and E2,Z13-18:Ac (1:1), Prochoreutis sechestediana by a mixture of E3,Z13-18:Ac plus E2,Z13-18:OH (1:), Microsphecia brosiformis by E3,Z13-18:Ac, Synanthedon conopiformis by the analogous alcohol, Synanthedon scoliaeformis and Nemaxera betulinella by E2,Z13-18:Ac, Triaxomera fulvimitrella by Z3,Z13-18:Ac. An analogous alcohol component is essential for the attraction of B. ichneumoniformis males. Inhibitors for B. romanovi, B. scopigera and B. zuwandica attraction were discovered. Preliminary data on attractants for six other species as well as on the diurnal rhythm of sexual activity of three species are presented. A new method for the stereoselective synthesis of 3,13-18:Ac/OH and E2,Z13-18:Ac/OH is described.
|
|
| 6. |
|
|
| 7. |
- Buda, Vincas, et al.
(författare)
-
p-Cresol : A Sex Pheromone Component Identified from the Estrous Urine of Mares
- 2012
-
Ingår i: Journal of Chemical Ecology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0098-0331 .- 1573-1561. ; 38:7, s. 811-813
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Previously it was shown that m- and p-cresols in the urine of mares exhibits a temporally reproducible pattern that is dependent on ovarian activity and, thus, provides information about the timing of ovulation. New behavioral data demonstrate 1) that stallions spend significantly more time sniffing p-cresol as compared to o-, and m-cresols, and, 2) that the extent of stallions' erections differ significantly in response to different types of samples. The lowest erection level was recorded for the pure-water control, a moderate erection level was elicited by the urine of diestrous mares, and the highest erection level was elicited by urine of a diestrous mare containing synthetic p-cresol at a quantity equivalent to half of the amount of p-cresol found in the urine of estrous mares. Consequently, p-cresol is at least one of the components of a horse sex pheromone.
|
|
| 8. |
- Carlsson, Mikael A., et al.
(författare)
-
Odour Maps in the Brain of Butterflies with Divergent Host-Plant Preferences
- 2011
-
Ingår i: PLOS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 6:8
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Butterflies are believed to use mainly visual cues when searching for food and oviposition sites despite that their olfactory system is morphologically similar to their nocturnal relatives, the moths. The olfactory ability in butterflies has, however, not been thoroughly investigated. Therefore, we performed the first study of odour representation in the primary olfactory centre, the antennal lobes, of butterflies. Host plant range is highly variable within the butterfly family Nymphalidae, with extreme specialists and wide generalists found even among closely related species. Here we measured odour evoked Ca2+ activity in the antennal lobes of two nymphalid species with diverging host plant preferences, the specialist Aglais urticae and the generalist Polygonia c-album. The butterflies responded with stimulus-specific combinations of activated glomeruli to single plant-related compounds and to extracts of host and non-host plants. In general, responses were similar between the species. However, the specialist A. urticae responded more specifically to its preferred host plant, stinging nettle, than P. c-album. In addition, we found a species-specific difference both in correlation between responses to two common green leaf volatiles and the sensitivity to these compounds. Our results indicate that these butterflies have the ability to detect and to discriminate between different plant-related odorants.
|
|
| 9. |
- Church, Tamara L., et al.
(författare)
-
Functional Wood-Foam Composites for Controlled Uptake and Release
- 2021
-
Ingår i: ACS Sustainable Chemistry and Engineering. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 2168-0485. ; 9:46, s. 15571-15581
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Wood-foam hierarchical composites were produced via the shear-forced infiltration of shear-thinning nanocellulose-based foams or gels into the tracheids of Picea abies. Shear processing viscoelastic and shear-thinning aqueous foams composed of cellulose nanocrystals, methylcellulose, and tannic acid (total solids content: 2 wt %) resulted in foam-filled wood composites containing 15-20 wt % foam, with open foam structures and compression strengths similar to those of unmodified P. abies. An amino-functionalized nanocellulose-containing foam confined in wood reversibly adsorbed CO2, retaining 15% of its theoretical uptake capacity over 50 cycles in the thermogravimetric analyzer, and a citronellol-loaded foam released this mosquito-repellent compound over four days, as evaluated using solid-phase microextraction. Shear-forced infiltration of functional foams into wood is an operationally simple route to hierarchically porous composites based on renewable materials.
|
|
| 10. |
|
|
