| 1. |
- Aier, Stephan, et al.
(författare)
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A Survival Analysis of Application Life Spans based on Enterprise Architecture Models
- 2009
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Ingår i: Proc. 3rd International Workshop on Enterprise Modelling and Information Systems Architectures, EMISA 2009. ; , s. 141-154
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Modern enterprises face the challenge to survive in an ever changing environment. One commonly accepted means to address this challenge and further enhance survivability is enterprise architecture (EA) management, which provides a holistic model-based approach to business/IT alignment. Thereby, the decisions taken in the context of EA management are based on accurate documentation of IT systems and business processes. The maintenance of such documentation causes high investments for enter-prises, especially in the absence of information on the change rates of different systems and processes. In this paper we propose a method for gathering and analyzing such in-formation. The method is used to analyze the life spans of the application portfolio of three companies from different industry sectors. Based on the results of the three case studies implications and limitations of the method are discussed.
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| 2. |
- Franke, Ulrik, et al.
(författare)
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EAF(2) - A Framework for Categorizing Enterprise Architecture Frameworks
- 2009
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Ingår i: SNPD 2009. - LOS ALAMITOS : IEEE COMPUTER SOC. ; , s. 327-332
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- What constitutes an enterprise architecture framework is a contested subject. The contents of present enterprise architecture frameworks thus differ substantially. This paper aims to alleviate the confusion regarding which framework contains what by proposing a meta framework for enterprise architecture frameworks. By using this meta framework, decision makers are able to express their requirements on what their enterprise architecture framework must contain and also to evaluate whether the existing frameworks meets these requirements. An example classification of common EA frameworks illustrates the approach.
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| 3. |
- Franke, Ulrik, et al.
(författare)
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IT consolidation - An optimization approach
- 2010
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Ingår i: 2010 14th IEEE International Enterprise Distributed Object Computing Conference Workshops (EDOCW). - : IEEE. - 9780769541648 ; , s. 21-26
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Consolidation of IT resources is a frequently cited task for IT decision makers, aiming to remove redundancy and thereby to cut costs. However, while economically motivated, the methods described in the literature rarely address costs directly. Instead, the focus often remains on purely IT-related considerations. In this paper, IT consolidation is addressed from an operations research perspective, applying a binary integer programming model to find optimal solutions to consolidation problems. Since accurate cost estimates are vital to successful consolidation, and play an important role in the presented binary integer program, the paper also addresses the costs involved in consolidation, with a particular focus on the costs of modifying business processes. Applying the mathematical method, with accurate cost estimates, enables decision makers to make optimal decisions in a transparent and rigorous way. The use of the proposed method is demonstrated with an example based on a real consolidation problem from a large European power supplier.
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| 4. |
- Gammelgård, Magnus, et al.
(författare)
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A method for assessing the business value of information system scenarios with an estimated credibility of the result
- 2010
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Ingår i: International Journal of Services Technology and Management. - 1460-6720 .- 1741-525X. ; 13:1-2, s. 105-133
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper presents a method for assessing the business value of information system scenarios. The purpose of the method is to provide information system decision makers with high quality information about potential future scenarios at a relative low cost of investigation. The method features three frameworks; one for functional assessments of information system scenarios, one for non-functional assessments of information system scenarios and finally a general business value taxonomy. The former two serve as an input structure to the latter one. The business various concepts in the business value taxonomy were prioritised by business managers to reflect the organisation's business needs. A problem with estimating the business value of an information system scenario is that it is a very complex undertaking; there are a vast number of aspects that need to be assessed in order to get a correct result. To be cost efficient all of these aspects cannot be addressed so the results of the method will inevitably contain a degree of uncertainty. The method thus also provides an estimate of the uncertainty of its results. The method has been tested in a comprehensive case study at a large European power company.
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| 5. |
- Gammelgård, Magnus, et al.
(författare)
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Architecture scenario analysis - Estimating the credibility of the results
- 2007
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Ingår i: 17th Annual International Symposium of the International Council on Systems Engineering, INCOSE 2007 - Systems Engineering. - : The International Council on Systems Engineering (INCOSE). - 9781605601199 ; , s. 750-764
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Good decision support requires good information. A key aspect of good information is that it is credible. Presently, architecture frameworks and methods within systems engineering often lacks support for mediating the credibility of the analyses made. This paper presents a method for enterprise architecture analyses that employs an evidential reasoning algorithm for multi-attribute decision analysis. By doing this, the quality of the analyses as decision support is demonstrated. The method includes an assessment framework, based on established theories, for evaluating architecture scenarios functional and non-functional qualities. The paper also presents a full scale case study where method has been employed at a large European power company.
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| 6. |
- Gammelgård, Magnus, et al.
(författare)
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Business Value Evaluation of IT Systems : Developing a Functional Reference Mode
- 2006
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the the Fourth Conference on Systems Engineering.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper an approach to develop and refine a functional reference model for IT-systems is presented. Such reference models form a fundament on which to evaluate the business value of IT systems. The approach involves scrutinizing the functional reference model with respect to correctness, completeness, granularity and measurability. In the particular case of this study, the functional reference model represents systems functionality needed to support asset management processes in industries such as electric energy production and distribution. It is based on the IEC 61968 standard and its Interface Reference Model, IRM, which has been refined in the process described in the paper. The refinement included a comprehensive field study, interviewing experts in the field of asset management at a large European energy company, as well as vendors of asset management systems.A general method for evaluating IT investment scenarios is outlined in the paper and the refined functional reference model is an important component in this method. Creation of this IT evaluation method is an ongoing research project, where the functional reference model forms a central part. The purpose of the IT investment evaluation method is to give decision makers a tool to evaluate potential investment scenarios with respect to the value the investment would generate to the business. The first part of the method consists of evaluating the technical quality of the system scenarios. Technical quality is divided into functional and non-functional attributes, where the functional reference model is used for the functional assessment. The second part of method consists of establishing the business value based on the evaluation of the technical qualities. This paper thus focuses on the first part, and in particular the development of the functional reference model which is a central piece in the IT investment evaluation method.
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| 7. |
- Gammelgård, Magnus, et al.
(författare)
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Evaluation of business value of IT-system scenarios : a case study at a large north European power company
- 2007
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Ingår i: PICMET '07: PORTLAND INTERNATIONAL CENTER FOR MANAGEMENT OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY. - 9781890843168
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper presents a method, the KTH1 IT Investment Evaluation Method, to assess the business value of IT-investments. The method aims at a priori and at a relative low cost of investigation assesses the business value of IT-systems scenarios, i.e. alternative combinations of IT-systems intended to support a particular business area. First, the scenarios are evaluated with respect to their technical quality. Second, the technical attributes used for this technical evaluation are related to business value dimensions, i.e. it is determined in what ways certain functions and non-functional attributes generate business value. Third, the business value dimensions are prioritized by the business managers. Finally, the business value of each scenario is established by combining the technical assessments with the relations to the business value dimension found in the second step and the prioritizations done by business managers. All parts of the method have been verified in comprehensive case study at a large European power company and the results are presented in the paper.
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| 8. |
- Gunaratne, Dinusha, et al.
(författare)
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A Framework to Evaluate a Functional Reference Model at a Nordic Distribution Utility
- 2008
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Ingår i: NORDAC 2008, The 8th Nordic Electricity Distribution and Asset Management Conference. Bergen, Norway. 8-9 September 2008.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Distribution utilities have found IT systems to be indispensable for competition in the deregulated electricity market. But in order to be highly efficient, a distribution utility ought to essentially maintain a correlation between IT systems and business processes. A Functional Reference Models (FRM) is one way to achieve this correlation.A FRM is a versatile and multidisciplinary tool that could be used to create alignment between business processes and IT-systems by describing what a “business is” and in terms of business functions that are carried out. There are many utility standards and system vendors claiming to offer complete FRMs for the utility domains. In addition, of course there exist implicit FRMs in the company in terms of existing processes and IT-systems. Thus there is a growing need among distribution utilities for a method to evaluate the quality and suitability of a FRM for a given enterprise.This paper will describe the development of a framework that has been used to evaluate the quality of a FRM in a Nordic distribution utility by benchmarking against the IEC 61968-1, UCA 2.0, IFS and Oracle FRMs for the utility domain. The framework cross reference a FRM with other FRMs to get a Coverage of all the business functions used in the utility business and eliminate vendor dependence and it analyze the strengths and weakness of the FRM and what amendments to be included. Finally it evaluates the Suitability of the FRM to the utility by aligning with the IT systems. The evaluation also helps to identify redundant IT systems and maximize the IT usage in a distribution utility. This paper concludes with a motivation to distribution utilities to adopt a FRM discussing its business values.
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| 9. |
- Holschke, Oliver, et al.
(författare)
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Using Enterprise Architecture Models and Bayesian Belief Networks for Failure Impact Analysis
- 2010
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Ingår i: Journal of Enterprise Architecture. - 2166-6768. ; 6:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The increasing complexity of enterprise information systems makes it very difficult to prevent local failures from causing ripple effects with serious repercussions to other systems. This article proposes the use of Enterprise Architecture models coupled with Bayesian Belief Networks to facilitate Failure Impact Analysis. By extending the Enterprise Architecture models with the Bayesian Belief Networks we are able to show not only the architectural components and their interconnections but also the causal influence the availabilities of the architectural elements have on each other. Furthermore, by using the Diagnosis algorithm implemented in the Bayesian Belief Network tool GeNIe, we are able to use the network as a Decision Support System and rank architectural components with their respect to criticality for the functioning of a business process. An example featuring a car rental agency demonstrates the approach.
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| 10. |
- Holscke, Oliver, et al.
(författare)
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Using Enterprise Architecture Models and Bayesian Belief Networks for Failure Impact Analysis
- 2009
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Ingår i: Lecture Notes in Computer Science: Service-Oriented Computing. - Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg. ; , s. 339-350
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The increasing complexity of enterprise information systems makes it very difficult to prevent local failures from causing ripple effects with serious repercussions to other systems. This paper proposes the use of Enterprise Architecture models coupled with Bayesian Belief Networks to facilitate Failure Impact Analysis. By extending the Enterprise Architecture models with the Bayesian Belief Networks we are able to show not only the architectural components and their interconnections but also the causal influence the availabilities of the architectural elements have on each other. Furthermore, by using the Diagnosis algorithm implemented in the Bayesian Belief Network tool GeNIe, we are able to use the network as a Decision Support System and rank architectural components with their respect to criticality for the functioning of a business process. An example featuring a car rental agency demonstrates the approach.
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