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- Rochus, Christina, et al.
(författare)
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ASIP and MC1R mutations causing black coat colour in five Swedish sheep breeds
- 2014
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Black coat colour in sheep can be determined by the recessive black allele (Aa) in Agouti signaling protein (ASIP) and the dominant black allele (ED) in Melanocortin receptor 1 (MC1R). Aa is a 5 bp deletion (D5) or a mutation (g.5172T>A), and ED is attributed to two mutations; c.218T>A and c.361G>A. ASIP and MC1R coding regions were sequenced in 26 black and 21 white Swedish sheep from Gute, Finewool, Klövsjö, Roslags and Värmlands breeds. Three combinations of D5 and g.5172T>A, where one or both of the mutations were homozygous, were only found in black sheep. The only wildtype animal was white with the remaining sheep, 10 black and 20 white, heterozygous in one or both of the mutations. Animals homozygous or heterozygous for mutations c.218T>A and c.361G>A were black Finewool sheep. Seven black individuals were not black due to Aa or ED.
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- Braam, Åsa, et al.
(författare)
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Genetic variation in durability of Swedish Warmblood horses using competition results
- 2011
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Ingår i: Livestock Science. - : Elsevier BV. - 1871-1413 .- 1878-0490. ; 142, s. 181-187
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of the study was to investigate the possibilities of using number of years in competition as a measure of durability in the genetic evaluation of Swedish Warmblood horses. Competition results recorded between 1971 and 2008 in the disciplines dressage, show jumping and eventing were used to estimate genetic parameters for number of years in competition. Only male horses not used in breeding born between 1967 and 1991 were included in the study (17,962 horses). The study showed that horses with placings in more than one discipline at an early age had the longest competition career. This result suggests that these horses are talented for sports and possibly also that there is a positive effect of all-round training of young horses on their durability. For estimation of genetic parameters for number of years in competition different linear mixed animal models were compared. Depending on the model and transformation the heritability for total number of years in competition varied between 0.07 and 0.17. The lower values were obtained when adjustments in the model were made for age at first placing in competition. Higher heritabilities were obtained for competition years in show jumping and lower for eventing. Performance traits scored at young horse tests and as points in competition (lifetime and for young horses) showed positive genetic correlations with total number of years in competition. These results indicate that years in competition represent both the durability of the horses and their talents for performance. It is suggested that number of years in competition may be used for genetic evaluation of durability.
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| 6. |
- Corrales, Roldan, et al.
(författare)
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Birth weight, reproduction traits and effects of inbreeding in Nicaraguan Reyna Creole cattle
- 2011
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Ingår i: Tropical Animal Health and Production. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0049-4747 .- 1573-7438. ; 43, s. 1137-1143
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Reyna Creole cattle in Nicaragua comprise about 650 purebred animals, and the breed has been shown to have a high level of inbreeding. To characterize the breed, as basis for a conservation program, information from two herds on birth weight (BW, n = 1097), age at first calving (AFC, n = 449) and calving interval (CI, n = 1,347) was analysed. Overall averages were 27.8 kg for BW, 37.4 months for AFC and 424 days for CI. Large differences between the herds were observed for all traits. Thus, there would be opportunities for management interventions to improve reproduction results. The heritability for BW was 0.34. For CI, the heritability of 0.20 and the additive genetic standard deviation of 36 days were comparatively high values. No genetic variation was found in AFC. Estimated inbreeding effects were associated with large standard errors due to the small size of the data and incompleteness of pedigrees. Nevertheless, significant effects were shown of dam inbreeding level on all traits. For each percentage of increased inbreeding, BW decreased by 0.06 kg, AFC increased by 3.5 days and CI increased by 1.4 days. The effects of the inbreeding level of the individual itself were not significant. The relatively good reproduction traits of Reyna Creole cattle shown in this study, despite high inbreeding levels, will be supplemented with a characterization of milk production traits.
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| 8. |
- Corrales, Roldan, et al.
(författare)
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Population structure of Reyna Creole cattle in Nicaragua
- 2010
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Ingår i: Tropical Animal Health and Production. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0049-4747 .- 1573-7438. ; 42, s. 1427-1434
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Reyna Creole cattle originated from Bos taurus cattle brought to Latin America during the Spanish colonization in the fifteenth century and are the only remaining local breed in Nicaragua. However, the current genetic status of this breed is unknown. Therefore, the population structure of three recorded Reyna Creole herds in Nicaragua was studied to estimate their level of inbreeding, effective population size, and generation intervals. Data from 2,609 animals born between 1958 and 2007 were analyzed. A pedigree completeness index higher than 0.8 was required to obtain reliable estimates of the level of inbreeding, and this criterion was met for 367 animals (14%) in two herds. The average level of inbreeding was 13.0%, with values ranging from 0% to 43.8% for individual animals. One of the herds had an average inbreeding level of 21.6%, primarily due to long periods in which the same bulls were used for mating, leading to excessive frequencies of matings between closely related animals. The effective population size differed between years and ranged from 28 to 46 animals, showing that the Reyna Creole cattle breed is endangered, close to critical status. The average generation interval was 6.9 years with values as high as 19.1 years for some sires that were used for artificial insemination over a long period of time. Due to the high level of inbreeding and small population size, urgent actions are required for the development of a breeding program to protect the breed and support its sustainable utilization.
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