| 1. |
- Benguerine, O., et al.
(författare)
-
Structural, elastic, electronic, and magnetic properties of Ni2MnSb, Ni2MnSn, and Ni2MnSb0.5Sn0.5 magnetic shape memory alloys
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Revista mexicana de física. - : SOC MEXICANA FISICA. - 0035-001X. ; 66:2, s. 121-126
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Structural, elastic, electronic, and magnetic properties of the Nickel-based magnetic shape memory alloys (MSMA) Ni2MnSb, Ni2MnSn and Ni2MnSb0.5Sn0.5, are investigated using the full-potential linearized plane wave plus local orbital method (FP-LAPW+10). With Perdew-Burke-Ernzerhof (PBE) exchange-correlation, generalized gradient approximation (GGA) is used to describe the electronic exchange correlation energy. Equilibrium lattice constant, bulk modulus, and its pressure derivative are calculated and compared with available data. Using the total energy versus strain in the framework of the FP-LAPW+lo approach, we compute the elastic constants of the studied compounds in their austenite structure. Good agreement is found with other calculations both for Ni2MnSb and Ni2MnSn. Magnetic moments agree well with available results.
|
|
| 2. |
- Benyahia, K, et al.
(författare)
-
Ab-initio calculations of the optical and magnetic properties of erbium silicide ErSi2
- 2009
-
Ingår i: Journal of Physics and Chemistry of Solids. - : Elsevier BV. - 0022-3697 .- 1879-2553. ; 70:10, s. 1378-1384
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present a computational method for the ab-initio study of the optical and magnetic properties using the augmented plane wave plus local orbitals (APW+lo) method. The calculations are presented within the local density (LDA) approximation. Erbium silicide (ErSi2) is representative of the whole trivalent heavy-rare-earth disilicides family, and its study will provide information valid for all of them. Thus, the study of its optical and magnetic properties is very important, especially for the calculation of magneto-optical quantities. In this paper the optical and magnetic properties are well described. Up to now no theoretical study on optical and magnetic properties of ErSi2 is available in the literature. We report theoretical calculations of the reel and imaginary parts of the dielectric function (DF), the refractive index and the extinction coefficient, the spectra of the reflectivity, the absorption coefficient, the energy-loss function (ELF), and the magnetic moments. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
|
|
| 3. |
- Benyahia, K, et al.
(författare)
-
Magneto-optical Kerr effect (MOKE) of the rare-earth silicide ErSi2 using ab-initio calculations
- 2009
-
Ingår i: Current applied physics. - : Elsevier BV. - 1567-1739 .- 1878-1675. ; 9:5, s. 925-927
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present a computational method for the ab-initio study of the magneto-optical quantities using the augmented plane wave plus local orbitals (APW+lo) method. The calculations are performed within the local-density (LDA) approximation. In the present paper, the optical conductivity is the basic quantity for the evaluation of the magneto-optical Kerr effect (MOKE). Thus it is well described and calculated. Considerable work has been performed on the magneto-optical Kerr effect using experiments, however, no experimental or theoretical work has been investigated on rare-earth silicide ErSi2, in particular using ab-initio method. Our results consist a prediction. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
|
|
| 4. |
- Fath, MK, et al.
(författare)
-
Exosome application in treatment and diagnosis of B-cell disorders: leukemias, multiple sclerosis, and arthritis rheumatoid
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Cellular & molecular biology letters. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1689-1392 .- 1425-8153. ; 27:1, s. 74-
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Exosomes, known as a type of extracellular vesicles (EVs), are lipid particles comprising heterogeneous contents such as nucleic acids, proteins, and DNA. These bi-layered particles are naturally released into the extracellular periphery by a variety of cells such as neoplastic cells. Given that exosomes have unique properties, they can be used as vectors and carriers of biological and medicinal particles like drugs for delivering to the desired areas. The proteins and RNAs being encompassed by the circulating exosomes in B-cell malignancies are deemed as the promising sources for diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers, as well as therapeutic agents. Exosomes can also provide a “snapshot” view of the tumor and metastatic landscape at any particular time. Further, clinical research has shown that exosomes are produced by immune cells such as dendritic cells can stimulate the immune system, so these exosomes can be used in antitumor vaccines. Despite the great potential of exosomes in the fields of diagnostic and treatment, further studies are in need for these purposes to reach a convergence notion. This review highlights the applications of exosomes in multiple immune-related diseases, including chronic lymphocytic leukemia, multiple sclerosis, and arthritis rheumatoid, as well as explaining sundry aspects of exosome therapy and the function of exosomes in diagnosing diseases.
|
|
| 5. |
- Hawlader, M. D. H., et al.
(författare)
-
Quality of life of COVID-19 recovered patients : a 1-year follow-up study from Bangladesh
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Infectious Diseases of Poverty. - : Springer Nature. - 2095-5162. ; 12:1
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The COVID-19 pandemic posed a danger to global public health because of the unprecedented physical, mental, social, and environmental impact affecting quality of life (QoL). The study aimed to find the changes in QoL among COVID-19 recovered individuals and explore the determinants of change more than 1 year after recovery in low-resource settings. Methods: COVID-19 patients from all eight divisions of Bangladesh who were confirmed positive by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction from June 2020 to November 2020 and who subsequently recovered were followed up twice, once immediately after recovery and again 1 year after the first follow-up. The follow-up study was conducted from November 2021 to January 2022 among 2438 individuals using the World Health Organization Quality of Life Brief Version (WHOQOL-BREF). After excluding 48 deaths, 95 were rejected to participate, 618 were inaccessible, and there were 45 cases of incomplete data. Descriptive statistics, paired-sample analyses, generalized estimating equation (GEE) analysis, and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to test the mean difference in participants’ QoL scores between the two interviews. Results: Most participants (n = 1710, 70.1%) were male, and one-fourth (24.4%) were older than 46. The average physical domain score decreased significantly from baseline to follow-up, and the average scores in psychological, social, and environmental domains increased significantly at follow-up (P < 0.05). By the GEE equation approach, after adjusting for other factors, we found that older age groups (P < 0.001), being female (P < 0.001), having hospital admission during COVID-19 illness (P < 0.001), and having three or more chronic diseases (P < 0.001), were significantly associated with lower physical and psychological QoL scores. Higher age and female sex [adjusted odd ratio (aOR) = 1.3, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.0–1.6] were associated with reduced social domain scores on multivariable logistic regression analysis. Urban or semi-urban people were 49% less likely (aOR = 0.5, 95% CI 0.4–0.7) and 32% less likely (aOR = 0.7, 95% CI 0.5–0.9) to have a reduced QoL score in the psychological domain and the social domain respectively, than rural people. Higher-income people were more likely to experience a decrease in QoL scores in physical, psychological, social, and environmental domains. Married people were 1.8 times more likely (aOR = 1.8, 95% CI 1.3–2.4) to have a decreased social QoL score. In the second interview, people admitted to hospitals during their COVID-19 infection showed a 1.3 times higher chance (aOR = 1.3, 95% CI 1.1–1.6) of a decreased environmental QoL score. Almost 13% of participants developed one or more chronic diseases between the first and second interviews. Moreover, 7.9% suffered from reinfection by COVID-19 during this 1-year time. Conclusions: The present study found that the QoL of COVID-19 recovered people improved 1 year after recovery, particularly in psychological, social, and environmental domains. However, age, sex, the severity of COVID-19, smoking habits, and comorbidities were significantly negatively associated with QoL. Events of reinfection and the emergence of chronic disease were independent determinants of the decline in QoL scores in psychological, social, and physical domains, respectively. Strong policies to prevent and minimize smoking must be implemented in Bangladesh, and we must monitor and manage chronic diseases in people who have recovered from COVID-19. Graphical Abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.]
|
|
| 6. |
- Kadas, K., et al.
(författare)
-
Surface relaxation and surface stress of 4d transition metals
- 2006
-
Ingår i: Surface Science. - : Elsevier BV. - 0039-6028 .- 1879-2758. ; 600:2, s. 395-402
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Using the density functional theory formulated within the framework of the exact muffin-tin orbitals method, we present a systematic study of the top layer relaxation and surface stress of 4d transition metals. Our calculations predict layer contractions for most surfaces. We also find that the relaxations of the close packed surfaces decrease with increasing atomic number through the 4d series. We propose that the relaxation is mainly due to the reduction of the number of sp electrons in the surface layer relative to bulk. The surface stress is found to be very sensitive to the relaxation and, therefore, an accurate determination of the layer relaxation is necessary for obtaining reliable values for the surface stress. Comparing the top layer relaxations for the close packed surfaces, we see essential deviations between data derived in different ab initio calculations. At the same time, the overall trend for the present surface stress of 4d metals is in reasonable agreement with recent full-potential data.
|
|
| 7. |
|
|
| 8. |
- Kooner, Jaspal S, et al.
(författare)
-
Genome-wide association study in individuals of South Asian ancestry identifies six new type 2 diabetes susceptibility loci.
- 2011
-
Ingår i: Nature Genetics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1061-4036 .- 1546-1718. ; 43:10
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We carried out a genome-wide association study of type-2 diabetes (T2D) in individuals of South Asian ancestry. Our discovery set included 5,561 individuals with T2D (cases) and 14,458 controls drawn from studies in London, Pakistan and Singapore. We identified 20 independent SNPs associated with T2D at P < 10(-4) for testing in a replication sample of 13,170 cases and 25,398 controls, also all of South Asian ancestry. In the combined analysis, we identified common genetic variants at six loci (GRB14, ST6GAL1, VPS26A, HMG20A, AP3S2 and HNF4A) newly associated with T2D (P = 4.1 × 10(-8) to P = 1.9 × 10(-11)). SNPs at GRB14 were also associated with insulin sensitivity (P = 5.0 × 10(-4)), and SNPs at ST6GAL1 and HNF4A were also associated with pancreatic beta-cell function (P = 0.02 and P = 0.001, respectively). Our findings provide additional insight into mechanisms underlying T2D and show the potential for new discovery from genetic association studies in South Asians, a population with increased susceptibility to T2D.
|
|
| 9. |
- Kwon, S. K., et al.
(författare)
-
Surface energy and stress release by layer relaxation
- 2005
-
Ingår i: Physical Review B. Condensed Matter and Materials Physics. - 1098-0121 .- 1550-235X. ; 72:23
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The surface energy (gamma) and surface stress (tau) for semi-infinite close-packed surfaces of 4d transition metals have been calculated using ab initio total-energy methods. The moderate agreement between the present and former theoretical data for tau indicates the high level of numerical difficulty associated with such calculations. For the most close-packed surfaces, the present unrelaxed tau values follow the typical trend characteristic for the cohesive energy in nonmagnetic transition-metal series, whereas the relaxed tau values group around similar to 1 mJ/m(2), obtained for Y, Zr, and Ag, and similar to 3 mJ/m(2), calculated for Nb, Mo, Tc, Ru, Rh, and Pd. We have found that the average surface energy reduction upon layer relaxation is around 4%. At the same time, a large part of the surface stress is released during the surface relaxation process. To explain the observed behaviors, we have established a simple relationship, which connects the variations of gamma and tau to the layer relaxation. This relation reveals the principal factors determining the difference between the surface energy and stress release rates at 4d transition-metal surfaces.
|
|
| 10. |
- Kwon, S. K., et al.
(författare)
-
Surface Energy and Stress Release by Layer Relaxation
- 2005
-
Ingår i: Physical Review B. ; 72, s. 235423-
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The influence of carbon impurities on the properties of iron phases (bcc, hcp, dhcp, fcc) has been studied using the first-principles projector augmented-wave (PAW) method for a wide pressure range. It is shown that the presence of ~6 at. % of interstitial carbon has a little effect on the calculated structural sequence of the iron phases under high pressure. The bcc → hcp transition both for pure iron and iron containing carbon takes place around 9 GPa. According to the enthalpies comparison, the solubility of carbon into the iron solid is decreased by high pressure. The coexistence of iron carbide (Fe3C) + pure hcp Fe is most stable phase at high pressure compared with other phases. Based on the analysis of the pressure-density dependences for Fe3C and hcp Fe, we suggest that there might be some fraction of iron carbide present in the core.
|
|
