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| 2. |
- Hoffmann, Eric A, et al.
(författare)
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Measuring Temperature Gradients over Nanometer Length Scales.
- 2009
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Ingår i: Nano Letters. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1530-6992 .- 1530-6984. ; 9:2, s. 779-783
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- When a quantum dot is subjected to a thermal gradient, the temperature of electrons entering the dot can be determined from the dot's thermocurrent if the conductance spectrum and background temperature are known. We demonstrate this technique by measuring the temperature difference across a 15 nm quantum dot embedded in a nanowire. This technique can be used when the dot's energy states are separated by many kT and will enable future quantitative investigations of electron-phonon interaction, nonlinear thermoelectric effects, and the efficiency of thermoelectric energy conversion in quantum dots.
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| 3. |
- Mani, Preeti, et al.
(författare)
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A Nanoscale Standard for the Seebeck Coefficient
- 2011
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Ingår i: Nano Letters. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1530-6992 .- 1530-6984. ; 11:11, s. 4679-4681
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Seebeck coefficient, a key parameter describing a material's thermoelectric performance, is generally difficult to measure, and no intrinsic calibration standard exists. Quantum dots and single electron tunneling devices with sharp transmission resonances spaced by many kT have a material-independent Seebeck coefficient that depends only on the electronic charge and the average device temperature T. Here we propose the use of a quantum dot to create an intrinsic, nanoscale standard for the Seebeck coefficient and discuss its implementation.
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| 4. |
- Nakpathomkun, Natthapon, et al.
(författare)
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Thermoelectric efficiency at maximum power in low-dimensional systems
- 2010
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Ingår i: Physical Review B (Condensed Matter and Materials Physics). - 1098-0121. ; 82:23
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Low-dimensional electronic systems in thermoelectrics have the potential to achieve high thermal-to-electric energy conversion efficiency. A key measure of performance is the efficiency when the device is operated under maximum power conditions. Here we study the efficiency at maximum power, in the absence of phonon-mediated heat flow, of three low-dimensional, thermoelectric systems: a zero-dimensional quantum dot with a Lorentzian transmission resonance of finite width, a one-dimensional (1D) ballistic conductor, and a thermionic (TI) power generator formed by a two-dimensional energy barrier. In all three systems, the efficiency at maximum power is independent of temperature, and in each case a careful tuning of relevant energies is required to achieve maximal performance. We find that quantum dots perform relatively poorly under maximum power conditions, with relatively low efficiency and small power throughput. Ideal one-dimensional conductors offer the highest efficiency at maximum power (36% of the Carnot efficiency). Whether 1D or TI systems achieve the larger maximum power output depends on temperature and area filling factor. These results are also discussed in the context of the traditional figure of merit ZT.
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