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Sökning: WFRF:(Neu Volker)

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1.
  • Arnalds, Unnar B., et al. (författare)
  • A new look on the two-dimensional Ising model : thermal artificial spins
  • 2016
  • Ingår i: New Journal of Physics. - : IOP Publishing. - 1367-2630. ; 18
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • We present a direct experimental investigation of the thermal ordering in an artificial analogue of an asymmetric two-dimensional Ising system composed of a rectangular array of nano-fabricated magnetostatically interacting islands. During fabrication and below a critical thickness of the magnetic material the islands are thermally fluctuating and thus the system is able to explore its phase space. Above the critical thickness the islands freeze-in resulting in an arrested thermalized state for the array. Determining the magnetic state we demonstrate a genuine artificial two-dimensional Ising system which can be analyzed in the context of nearest neighbor interactions.
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2.
  • Pammi, Mohan, et al. (författare)
  • Intestinal dysbiosis in preterm infants preceding necrotizing enterocolitis : a systematic review and meta-analysis
  • 2017
  • Ingår i: Microbiome. - : BIOMED CENTRAL LTD. - 2049-2618. ; 5
  • Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Background: Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a catastrophic disease of preterm infants, and microbial dysbiosis has been implicated in its pathogenesis. Studies evaluating the microbiome in NEC and preterm infants lack power and have reported inconsistent results. Methods and results: Our objectives were to perform a systematic review and meta-analyses of stool microbiome profiles in preterm infants to discern and describe microbial dysbiosis prior to the onset of NEC and to explore heterogeneity among studies. We searched MEDLINE, PubMed, CINAHL, and conference abstracts from the proceedings of Pediatric Academic Societies and reference lists of relevant identified articles in April 2016. Studies comparing the intestinal microbiome in preterm infants who developed NEC to those of controls, using cultureindependent molecular techniques and reported a and beta-diversity metrics, and microbial profiles were included. In addition, 16S ribosomal ribonucleic acid (rRNA) sequence data with clinical meta-data were requested from the authors of included studies or searched in public data repositories. We reprocessed the 16S rRNA sequence data through a uniform analysis pipeline, which were then synthesized by meta-analysis. We included 14 studies in this review, and data from eight studies were available for quantitative synthesis (106 NEC cases, 278 controls, 2944 samples). The age of NEC onset was at a mean +/- SD of 30.1 +/- 2.4 weeks post-conception (n = 61). Fecal microbiome from preterm infants with NEC had increased relative abundances of Proteobacteria and decreased relative abundances of Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes prior to NEC onset. Alpha-or beta-diversity indices in preterm infants with NEC were not consistently different from controls, but we found differences in taxonomic profiles related to antibiotic exposure, formula feeding, and mode of delivery. Exploring heterogeneity revealed differences in microbial profiles by study and the target region of the 16S rRNA gene (V1-V3 or V3-V5). Conclusions: Microbial dysbiosis preceding NEC in preterm infants is characterized by increased relative abundances of Proteobacteria and decreased relative abundances of Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes. Microbiome optimization may provide a novel strategy for preventing NEC.
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3.
  • Vock, Silvia, et al. (författare)
  • Quantitative Magnetic Force Microscopy Study of the Diameter Evolution of Bubble Domains in a (Co/Pd)(80) Multilayer
  • 2011
  • Ingår i: IEEE transactions on magnetics. - 0018-9464 .- 1941-0069. ; 47:10, s. 2352-2355
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The evolution of bubble domains in a (Co/Pd)(80) multi-layered thin film with perpendicular anisotropy has been studied by Magnetic Force Microscopy in varying magnetic fields. As expected, the bubble domains show a continuous increase of their size with decreasing field. The diameters have been quantitatively evaluated by means of signal deconvolution. To that end the MFM tip was previously calibrated on the same multilayer in zero field state. The resulting bubble diameters and the values for bubble strip-out and collapse fields agree well with the theoretically predicted values for this system, proving the validity of the applied micromagnetic model.
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  • Resultat 1-3 av 3

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