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- Carrard, I, et al.
(author)
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Evaluation of a guided internet self-treatment programme for bulimia nervosa in several European countries.
- 2010
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In: European eating disorders review : the journal of the Eating Disorders Association. - : Wiley. - 1099-0968.
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: The purposes of this study were to evaluate the use of an online guided self-treatment programme for bulimia nervosa (BN) and to determine predictors of outcome. Data were collected in four European countries where the programme was simultaneously used. METHOD: One hundred and twenty-seven BN or subthreshold BN female patients (mean age of 24.7 years) participated in a 4-month intervention using a CBT based online-guided self-help programme. Contact during the treatment period included weekly e-mails with a coach. ASSESSMENT: Measures included the Eating Disorders Inventory-2 (EDI-2) and the Symptom Check List-Revised (SCL-90R). RESULTS: Severity of eating disorders symptoms and general psychopathology improved significantly. Twenty-three per cent of patients were symptom free at the end of treatment. The dropout rate was 25.2%. A better score of general psychological health was a predictor of a better outcome. CONCLUSIONS: This study encourages further developments and research on innovative therapy approaches, particularly for those disorders such as BN, with difficult therapy and unclear prognosis. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and Eating Disorders Association.
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| 2. |
- Ivarsson, Tord, 1946, et al.
(author)
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Weight concerns, body image, depression and anxiety in Swedish adolescents.
- 2006
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In: Eating behaviors. - : Elsevier BV. - 1471-0153. ; 7:2, s. 161-75
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: To assess weight problems and correlates in respect of body image, depression, anxiety and demographic background factors. METHOD: 405 Swedish adolescents were assessed in respect of Body Mass Index (BMI), biographical data, the Body Esteem Scale for Adolescents and Adults (BESAA), the Multidimensional Anxiety Scale for Children (MASC) and the Children's Depression Inventory (CDI). RESULTS: Boys were in the positive and girls in the negative direction from ideal BMI for age and gender. Girls and boys differed in respect of CDI, MASC and of BESAA where girls generally were shifted in the "pathological" direction. DISCUSSION: The adolescents' own positive attitude to slimness, negative mood (girls), and anxiety symptoms that reflect social fears (boys) and physical aspects of anxiety (girls and boys) were important correlates of lower BMI than ideal. Adolescent cultural norms need to be addressed in preventive work. However, in girls' separation anxiety might be a protective factor against underweight. In girls, overweight seems to be associated with negative self-esteem.
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| 3. |
- Lindberg, Karolin, et al.
(author)
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Validation of the Inventory of Interpersonal Problems (IIP-64) : a comparison of Swedish female outpatients with anorexia nervosa or bulimia nervosa and controls
- 2018
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In: Nordic Journal of Psychiatry. - : Taylor & Francis. - 0803-9488 .- 1502-4725. ; 72:5, s. 347-353
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- AIM: The aim of the study was to explore the psychometric properties of the Inventory of Interpersonal Problems (IIP-64) and to compare levels of interpersonal distress in Swedish female outpatients with anorexia nervosa or bulimia nervosa with age- and gender-matched controls.METHODS: Totally, 401 participants were included; anorexia nervosa (n = 74), bulimia nervosa (n = 85) and controls (n = 242). All participants completed the IIP-64. The eating disorder (ED) patients also filled out the Eating Disorder Inventory-2/3 (EDI).RESULTS: Internal consistency of IIP-64 was acceptable to high. Principal component analyses with varimax rotation of the IIP-64 subscales confirmed the circumplex structure with two underlying orthogonal dimensions; affiliation and dominance. Significant correlations between EDI-3 composite scales ineffectiveness and interpersonal problems and IIP-64 were found. ED patients reported higher levels of interpersonal distress than controls on all but one subscale (intrusive/needy).CONCLUSIONS: IIP-64 can be considered to have acceptable to good reliability and validity in a Swedish ED sample. IIP-64 can be a useful complement in assessment of interpersonal problems in ED.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Nyman-Carlsson, Erika, 1982-
(author)
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Anorexia nervosa - The journey towards recovery : A randomized controlled treatment trial: assessment, prediction, treatment outcome and clinical change
- 2021
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Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- The overall aim of this thesis was to study young adult women with anorexia nervosa (AN) participating in an randomized controlled trial in relation to assessment, treatment outcome, prediction, and clinical change. The results confirm the Eating Disorder Inventory-3 as a valid instrument for measuring eating disorder symptoms and general psychopathology. AN patients, however, rate themselves significantly lower than patients with other eating disorder diagnoses, and interoceptive deficits are the best predictive subscale for AN diagnosis. Patients significantly improved in terms of weight and eating disorder psychopathology, with no differences between individual CBT and family therapy (FT). Most patients did not fulfill the diagnostic criteria at post-assessment, at 76% and 86% at followup. Patients in FT were considered completers to a higher extent than patients receiving CBT, and 8% were prematurely discharged, in comparison to 30% for CBT. Bulimic symptoms and emotional dysregulation at baseline had a negative effect on diagnostic symptoms, and lower levels of interoceptive deficits predicted weight increase in the FT group. Lower levels of emotional dysregulation and higher levels of interoceptive deficits explained 37% of the variance in BMI changes in the CBT group. The classifications of CS/RCI were shown to be valid when compared to normal controls. Patients classified as clinically significantly improved constituted 35-47% of all patients, and only three patients fulfilled the proposed definition of recovery. The agreement of the diagnostic criteria was fair.The results suggest that individual CBT and FT are effective treatments for young adults. The ability to acknowledge, interpret, and handle emotions is an important aspect of treatment. Self-report measurements are useful for evaluating individual changes; however, diagnostic criteria do not accord with self-reported symptom changes and physical, behavioral, and psychological measurements are important for a complete estimation of recovery.
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| 6. |
- Nyman-Carlsson, Erika, 1982-, et al.
(author)
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Eating Disorder Inventory-3, validation in Swedish patients with eating disorders, psychiatric outpatients and a normal control sample
- 2015
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In: Nordic Journal of Psychiatry. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0803-9488 .- 1502-4725. ; 69:2, s. 142-151
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: The Eating Disorder Inventory-3 (EDI-3) is designed to assess eating disorder psychopathology and the associated psychological symptoms. The instrument has been revised and has not yet been validated for Swedish conditions in its current form.Aims: The aim of this study was to investigate the validity and reliability of this inventory and present national norms for Swedish females.Methods: Data from patients with eating disorders (n = 292), psychiatric outpatients (n = 140) and normal controls (n = 648), all females, were used to study the internal consistency, the discriminative ability, and the sensitivity and specificity of the inventory using preliminary cut-offs for each subscale and diagnosis separately. Swedish norms were compared with those from Denmark, USA, Canada, Europe and Australian samples.Results: The reliability was acceptable for all subscales except Asceticism among normal controls. Analysis of variance showed that the EDI-3 discriminates significantly between eating disorders and normal controls. Anorexia nervosa was significantly discriminated from bulimia nervosa and eating disorder not otherwise specified on the Eating Disorder Risk Scales. Swedish patients scored significantly lower than patients from other countries on the majority of the subscales. Drive for Thinness is the second best predictor for an eating disorder. The best predictor for anorexia nervosa was Interoceptive Deficits and Bulimia for the other diagnoses.Conclusions/clinical implications: The EDI-3 is valid for use with Swedish patients as a clinical assessment tool for the treatment planning and evaluation of patients with eating-related problems. However, it still exist some uncertainty regarding its use as a screening tool.
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| 7. |
- Nyman-Carlsson, Erika, 1982-, et al.
(author)
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Predictors of outcome among young adult patients with anorexia nervosa in a randomised controlled trial
- 2019
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In: European eating disorders review. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 1072-4133 .- 1099-0968. ; 27:1, s. 76-85
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: The prognosis in cases of anorexia nervosa (AN) is unsatisfactory, and it is therefore important to examine pretreatment predictors of outcome.METHODS: Female AN patients (N = 74) included in a randomised controlled trial receiving individual cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) or family-based treatment (FBT) were included. Predictors of the outcome were explored using pretreatment eating disorder psychopathology.RESULTS: In the CBT group, lower levels of emotional dysregulation and greater deficits in identifying and coping with inner states were predictors of weight increase, explaining 37.7% of the variance. In the FBT group, lower interoceptive deficits predicted an increase in weight (explaining 17.7% of the variance), whereas bulimic behaviour (32.4%) and problems with emotional regulation (23.3%) were predictors of increased diagnostic symptoms.CONCLUSIONS: Bulimic symptoms and the ability to identify and cope with emotional states appear to be important aspects that should be addressed in the treatment of young adult patients with AN.
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Paulson-Karlsson, Gunilla, 1950-, et al.
(author)
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Anorexia nervosa : treatment expectations – a qualitative study
- 2012
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In: Journal of Multidisciplinary Healthcare. - Macclesfield, United kingdom : Dove Medical Press Ltd. (Dovepress). - 1178-2390. ; 5, s. 169-177
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: Anorexia nervosa is a serious illness with a high mortality rate, a poor outcome, and no empirically supported treatment of choice for adults. Patients with anorexia nervosa strive for thinness in order to obtain self-control and are ambivalent toward change and toward treatment. In order to achieve a greater understanding of patients’ own understanding of their situation, the aim of this study was to examine the expectations of potential anorexic patients seeking treatment at a specialized eating-disorder unit.Methods: A qualitative study design was used. It comprised 15 women between 18 and 25 years of age waiting to be assessed before treatment. The initial question was, “What do you expect, now that you are on the waiting list for a specialized eating-disorder unit?” A content analysis was used, and the text was coded, categorized according to its content, and further interpreted into a theme. Results: From the results emerged three main categories of what participants expected: “treatment content,” “treatment professionals,” and “treatment focus.” The overall theme, “receiving adequate therapy in a collaborative therapeutic relationship and recovering,” described how the participants perceived that their expectations could be fulfilled./p>Discussion: Patients’ expectations concerning distorted thoughts, eating behaviors, a normal, healthy life, and meeting with a professional with knowledge and experience of eating disorders should be discussed before treatment starts. In the process of the therapeutic relationship, it is essential to continually address patients’ motivations, in order to understand their personal motives behind what drives their expectations and their desire to recover.
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