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- LoMauro, Antonella, et al.
(författare)
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The impaired diaphragmatic function after bilateral lung transplantation : A multifactorial longitudinal study
- 2020
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Ingår i: The Journal of Heart and Lung Transplantation. - : ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC. - 1053-2498 .- 1557-3117. ; 39:8, s. 795-804
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Lung transplantation is a complex but effective treatment of end-stage pulmonary disease. Among the post-operative complications, phrenic nerve injury, and consequent diaphragmatic dysfunction are known to occur but are hitherto poorly described. We aimed to investigate the effect of lung transplantation on diaphragmatic function with a multimodal approach.METHODS: A total of 30 patients were studied at 4 time points: pre-operatively, at discharge after surgery, and after approximately 6 and subsequently 12 months post surgery. The diaphragmatic function was studied in terms of geometry (assessed by the radius of the diaphragmatic curvature delineated on chest X-ray), weakness (considering changes in forced vital capacity when the patient shifted from upright to supine position), force (maximal pressure during sniff), mobility (excursion of the dome of the diaphragm delineated by ultrasound), contractility (thickening fraction assessed by ultrasound), electrical activity (latency and area of compound muscle action potential during electrical stimulation of phrenic nerve), and kinematics (relative contribution of the abdominal compartment to tidal volume).RESULTS: Despite good clinical recovery (indicated by spirometry and 6 minutes walking test), a reduction of the diaphragmatic function was detected at discharge; it persisted 6 months later to recover fully 1 year after transplantation. Diaphragmatic dysfunction was demonstrated in terms of force, weakness, electrical activity, and kinematics. Our data suggest that the dysfunction was caused by phrenic nerve neurapraxia or moderate axonotmesis, potentially as a consequence of the surgical procedure (i.e., the use of ice and pericardium manipulation).CONCLUSIONS: The occurrence of diaphragmatic dysfunction in patients with a good clinical recovery indicates that the evaluation of diaphragmatic function should be included in the post-operative assessment after lung transplantation.
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- Ravanelli, Roberta, et al.
(författare)
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3D modelling of archaeological small finds by the structure sensor range camera : comparison of different scanning applications
- 2018
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Ingår i: APPLIED GEOMATICS. - : SPRINGER HEIDELBERG. - 1866-9298 .- 1866-928X. ; 10:4, s. 399-413
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Today, range cameras represent a cheap, intuitive and effective technology for collecting the 3D geometry of objects and environments automatically and practically in real time. Such features can make these sensors a valuable tool for documenting archaeological small finds, especially when not expert users are involved. Therefore, in this work, Scanner and itSeez3D, two of the most promising scanning applications actually available for the Structure Sensor, a range camera specifically designed for mobile devices, were tested in order to evaluate their accuracy in modelling the 3D geometry of two archaeological artefacts, characterized by different shape and dimensions. The 3D models obtained through the two scanning applications were thus compared with the reference ones generated with the more accurate photogrammetric technique. The results demonstrate that both the applications show the same level of geometric accuracy, which amounts generally to very few millimetres, from an overall point of view, and, at the same time, they substantially point out the good quality of the Structure Sensor 3D reconstruction technology. In particular, the itSeez3D application is surely the best solution for the color restitution, even if it requires a payment of $7 to export and thus to use effectively each model generated. On the other side, Scanner is a free application and its geometric accuracy is comparable to that of itSeez3D, but, however, the colours are frequently smoothed and sometimes not fully rendered.
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