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- Nilsson, Eva, 1963-
(författare)
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Barn i rättens gränsland. : Om barnperspektiv vid prövning om uppehållstillstånd.
- 2007
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The aim of this study is to highlight problems regarding the status of children in determining the granting of residence permits. Central to the study are the rules contained in the Swedish Aliens Act (2005:716) about hearing children in the course of proceedings and the child’s best interests. The rules are based on Articles 3 and 12 respectively, in the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC). They were introduced into the Swedish legislation in 1997, after an intense debate questioning whether Sweden was meeting its obligations under the Convention. The application in aliens matters has, however, continued to be criticized after the revision of 1997, especially in matters concerning children. In 2006 a new Aliens Act came into force, involving a shift in the handling of such matters from administrative authorities and the Government to a system where appeals are tried in administrative courts. The legislation also involves comprehensive changes concerning the material legislation. The question has been raised, however, as to whether these changes have had any vital impact concerning the general construction of the material regulation. The apparent gap between the legislator’s intentions and the application of the law raises questions about the limitations of law and how the spirit and intentions of the CRC have been implemented in the Aliens Act, and, in view of this, the limits of law. The study involves an analysis of the fundamental premises that the legislation and application rest on, the general provisions of the proceedings and the technical formulation and also the material content of these rules. There is also an analysis of the impact and function of the legislation in practical applications. The conclusion is that the legislation allows extensive scope for assessing the circumstances in each case. This is the case, particularly in matters concerning children. Nevertheless, in practical applications, children often become irrelevant; children are simply not the real focus of the laws that affect them. Key words: Children’s rights, residence permit, asylum, immigration, equality, feminist perspectives. Eva Nilsson, Juridiska institutionen, Umeå universitet, 901 87 Umeå.
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| 3. |
- Ahlman, Håkan, 1947, et al.
(författare)
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The relevance of somatostatin receptors in thyroid neoplasia.
- 1997
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Ingår i: The Yale journal of biology and medicine. - 0044-0086. ; 70:5-6, s. 523-33
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- 111In-octreotide scintigraphy in patients with persistent medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) visualized tumors in about half of the surgically explored sites. Tumor visualization correlated with rapid tumor growth and large tumor volume as judged from calcitonin levels. The 111In concentration ratio between tumor (T) and blood (B) in surgically excised lymph node metastases of MTC showed a large variation, with low values for microscopic and high values for macroscopic metastases in individual patients. Three cases of MTC, Hürthle cell adenoma and papillary thyroid cancer are reported with preoperative scintigraphy, T/B ratios and Northern analyses of the surgical biopsies. Visualization of tumors was possible in the absence of sstr2 (the high affinity receptor for octreotide) with the exception of microscopic tumor growth. T/B values in the patient with Hürthle cell adenoma were similar to those found in the contralateral thyroid lobe with goitre. The relatively high uptake of 111In in benign thyroid conditions probably limits the use of octreotide scintigraphy in the diagnosis of primary tumors. The technique has certain advantages over radioiodine scintigraphy after the surgical treatment of thyroid tumors: no need for withdrawal of thyroxin substitution; a possibility to diagnose metastases of tumors that do not concentrate radioiodine (MTC, Hürthle cell cancer); and complementary information about metastatic sites of non-medullary thyroid cancer (papillary and follicular tumors).
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| 4. |
- Amiri-Mosavi, A, et al.
(författare)
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Expression of cholecystokinin-B/gastrin receptors in medullary thyroid cancer.
- 1999
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Ingår i: The European journal of surgery = Acta chirurgica. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1102-4151. ; 165:7, s. 628-31
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To characterise the cholecystokinin (CCK) receptor subtypes in medullary thyroid cancer by measuring the expression of CCK-A and CCK-B/gastrin receptor mRNA.
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| 5. |
- Andersson, Maria Eva, et al.
(författare)
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Rapid Clearance and Frequent Reinfection With Enteric Pathogens Among Children With Acute Diarrhea in Zanzibar.
- 2017
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Ingår i: Clinical Infectious Diseases. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1058-4838 .- 1537-6591. ; 65:8, s. 1371-1377
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Acute infectious gastroenteritis is an important cause of illness and death among children in low-income countries. In addition to rotavirus vaccination, actions to improve nutrition status, sanitation, and water quality are important to reduce enteric infections, which are frequent also among asymptomatic children. The aim of this study was to investigate if the high prevalence of these infections reflects that they often are not cleared properly by the immune response or rather is due to frequent pathogen exposure.Methods: Rectal swabs were collected at time of acute diarrhea and 14 days later from 127 children, aged 2-59 months and living in rural Zanzibar, and were analyzed by real-time polymerase chain reaction targeting multiple pathogens.Results: At baseline, detection rates >20% were found for each of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli, Shigella, Campylobacter, Cryptosporidium, norovirus GII, and adenovirus. At follow-up, a large proportion of the infections had become cleared (34-100%), or the pathogen load reduced, and this was observed also for agents that were presumably unrelated to diarrhea. Still, the detection frequencies at follow-up were for most agents as high as at baseline, because new infections had been acquired. Neither clearance nor reinfection was associated with moderate malnutrition, which was present in 21% of the children.Conclusions: Children residing in poor socioeconomic conditions, as in Zanzibar, are heavily exposed to enteric pathogens, but capable of rapidly clearing causative and coinfecting pathogens.
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| 6. |
- Bernhardt, Peter, 1966, et al.
(författare)
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Effects of treatment with (177)Lu-DOTA-Tyr(3)-octreotate on uptake of subsequent injection in carcinoid-bearing nude mice.
- 2007
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Ingår i: Cancer biotherapy & radiopharmaceuticals. - : Mary Ann Liebert Inc. - 1084-9785 .- 1557-8852. ; 22:5, s. 644-53
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to analyze the effect therapeutic injections of (177)Lu-DOTA(0)-Tyr(3)]-octreotate (DOTATATE) had on the tumor uptake of a subsequent injection with (111)In-DOTATATE in GOT1-bearing nude mice. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Nude mice, xenografted with the human midgut carcinoid, GOT1, were first intravenously injected with a curative (30 MBq) or a suboptimal (7.5 MBq) amount of (177)Lu-DOTATATE. At various intervals thereafter (4-13 days), a second injection with (111)In-DOTATATE (0.5 MBq) was given. One (1) day after the second injection, the animals were sacrificed, tumor tissues collected, the tumor (111)In and (177)Lu activity concentration determined, and tumor regression/cell density was recorded. RESULTS: In animals given curative amounts, the uptake of (111)In was lower than in untreated animals. On the other hand, a second late injection (3-13 days) after suboptimal amounts resulted in a twofold higher tumor activity concentration versus untreated animals. When the uptake of the curative injection was corrected for tumor cell density, which decreased from 66% to 4% over 2 weeks, an enhanced uptake per tumor cell was observed. The curative and suboptimal amounts resulted in a different uptake and retention of (177)Lu in tumors. The suboptimal amount resulted in a constant activity concentration, while the curative amount resulted in an increased activity concentration over time. CONCLUSIONS: Our results, as presented in this paper, describe how the second injection in a fractionation protocol will be affected by the first therapeutic amount. This new information might be useful in the optimization of radionuclide therapy.
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| 7. |
- Dunér, Pontus, et al.
(författare)
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Antibodies against apoB100 peptide 210 inhibit atherosclerosis in apoE(-/-) mice
- 2021
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Ingår i: Scientific Reports. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2045-2322. ; 11:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Atherosclerotic plaques are characterized by an accumulation and subsequent oxidation of LDL, resulting in adaptive immune responses against formed or exposed neoepitopes of the LDL particle. Autoantibodies against native p210, the 3136-3155 amino acid sequence of the LDL protein apolipoprotein B-100 (apoB100) are common in humans and have been associated with less severe atherosclerosis and decreased risk for cardiovascular events in clinical studies. However, whether apoB100 native p210 autoantibodies play a functional role in atherosclerosis is not known. In the present study we immunized apoE(-/-) mice with p210-PADRE peptide to induce an antibody response against native p210. We also injected mice with murine monoclonal IgG against native p210. Control groups were immunized with PADRE peptide alone or with control murine monoclonal IgG. Immunization with p210-PADRE induced an IgG1 antibody response against p210 that was associated with reduced atherosclerotic plaque formation in the aorta and reduced MDA-LDL content in the lesions. Treatment with monoclonal p210 IgG produced a similar reduction in atherosclerosis as immunization with p210-PADRE. Our findings support an atheroprotective role of antibodies against the apoB100 native p210 and suggest that vaccines that induce the expression of native p210 IgG represent a potential therapeutic strategy for lowering cardiovascular risk.
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Forssell-Aronsson, Eva, 1961, et al.
(författare)
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Aspects on radionuclide therapy in malignant pheochromocytomas.
- 2006
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Ingår i: Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences. - : Wiley. - 0077-8923. ; 1073, s. 498-504
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Malignant pheochromocytomas/paragangliomas (PCs/PGs) often have distant metastases to the skeleton, liver, and lungs. Radionuclide therapy is valuable for treatment of disseminated tumor disease and could be used as adjuvant therapy after surgery. Patients with local and/or distant metastases of PC/PG should be investigated preoperatively by scintigraphy using both 123I-MIBG and 111In-DTPA-D-Phe1-octreotide, to evaluate the possibilities for radionuclide therapy (i.e., a dosimetric estimation of radiation dose to the tumor tissue versus critical normal tissues). Individual patient dose-planning should be performed. For patients in whom positive therapeutic effects are anticipated radionuclide therapy can be applied. Therapy with both 131I-MIBG and 177Lu-octreotate might be favorable in individual patients with lesions visualized by both metaiodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) and octreotide scintigraphy with enhanced therapeutic effects and reduced side effects.
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| 10. |
- Grenegård, Magnus, 1963-, et al.
(författare)
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The cardioprotective, anti-inflammatory and antithrombotic piperazinyl-purine analogue MK177 is a bifunctional drug with promising therapeutic potential
- 2023
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Ingår i: British Journal of Pharmacology. - : Macmillan Publishers Ltd.. - 0007-1188 .- 1476-5381. ; 180:Suppl. 1, s. 158-159
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Introduction: Nitrate ester bearing 6-piperazinyl-purine analogues (denoted MK drugs) are cardioprotective in infarction animal models and act as inhibitors of Janus kinase (JAK) and Rho-associated kinase (ROCK) [1-3]. Despite the presence of nitrate ester moiety, the MK drugs do not release nitric oxide (NO).Methods: We utilized organic chemistry platforms to design a dinitrate ester derivative denoted MK177, cell-free and cellular assays to elucidate antithrom-botic and anti-ischemic mechanisms. Furthermore, we also used tissue models to analyze vasodilation, and animal models to evaluate drug activities in vivo.Results: In anesthetized pigs, intravenous infusion of MK177 produced“nitroglycerin-like”effects on vital parameters. Analysis of exhaled air confirmed release of NO. MK177 caused concentration-dependent relaxation of iliac arteries (87±6.8 % relaxation of precontracted arteries, mean value ±SD, n=5) and this effect was mediated by activation of the NO/cyclic GMP signaling pathway. It is noteworthy that other mononitrate or non-nitrate MKs did not cause NO-induced vasodilation. In cellular model systems, MK177 evoked antithrombotic effects by targeting ROCK in a NO-independent manner. Specifically, MK177 inhibited platelet aggregation induced by collagen (72±12.6 % inhibition of aggregation, mean value±SD, n=7). Western blot analyses confirmed that MK177 reduced ROCK-dependent phosphorylation of myosin phosphatase sub-unit (MYPT-1) in platelets. Finally, kinase screening assay revealed that MK177 concentration-dependently inhibited ROCK and JAK (Kd values around 5μM).Conclusion: We have developed a bifunctional drug molecule, MK177, that acts by NO-dependent and NO-independent mechanisms. MK 177 induced car-diovascular NO effects in vivo and relaxed vessels in vitro. MK177 also prevented blood platelet activation via NO-independent ROCK inhibition. The bifunctional nature of MK177 can be of significance in future management of thrombotic and ischemic disease. Collectively, the novel cardio-protective and bifunctional drug MK177 has promising therapeutic potential.References:1. Koufaki M, Fotopoulou T, Iliodromitis EK, Bibli SI, Zoga A, Kremastinos DT, Andreadou I. Discovery of 6-[4-(6-nitroxyhexanoyl)(piperazin-1-yl)]-9H-purine, as pharmacological post-conditioning agent. Bioorg Med Chem. 2012;20(19):5948-5956. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bmc.2012.07.0372. Kardeby C, Paramel GV, Pournara D, Fotopoulou T, Sirsjö A, Koufaki M, Fransén K, Grenegård M. A novel purine analogue bearing nitrate ester prevents platelet activation by ROCK activity inhibition. Eur J Pharmacol. 2019;15(857):172428-172434. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejphar.2019.1724283. Paramel GV, Lindkvist M, Idosa BA, Sebina LS, Kardeby C, Fotopoulou T, Pournara D, Kritsi E, Ifanti E, Zervou M, Koufaki M, Grenegård M, Fransén K. Novel purine analogues regulate IL-1βrelease via inhibition of JAK activity in human aortic smooth muscle cells. Eur J Pharmacol. 2022;15(929):175128-175135. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejphar.2022.175128
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