| 1. |
- Balkhed Östholm, Åse, 1972-, et al.
(författare)
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Duration of travel-associated faecal colonisation with ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae - A one year follow-up study
- 2018
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Ingår i: PLOS ONE. - : Public Library of Science. - 1932-6203. ; 13:10
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In a previous study, we found that 30% of individuals travelling outside Scandinavia acquired extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (ESBL-PE) in their faecal flora. The aim of this study was to determine the duration of travel-associated faecal colonisation with ESBL-PE, to assess risk factors for prolonged colonisation and to detect changes in antibiotic susceptibility during prolonged colonisation.
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| 2. |
- Ebenhag, Sven-Christian, 1976, et al.
(författare)
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Time transfer using an asynchronous computer network: Results from three weeks of measurements
- 2007
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Ingår i: European Frequency and Time Forum, 29/5 - 1/6, Geneva, CH.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- We have performed a time transfer experimentbetween two atomic clocks, over a distance of approximately 75km using an 10 Gbit/s asynchronous fiber-optic computernetwork. The time transfer was accomplished through passivelistening on existing data traffic and a pilot sequence in the SDHbit stream. In order to assess the fiber-link clock comparison, wesimultaneously compared the clocks using a GPS carrier phaselink. The standard deviation of the difference between the twotime transfer links over the three-week time period was 243 ps.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Hedekvist, Per Olof E, 1967, et al.
(författare)
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Accurate time transfer utilizing the synchronization in an SDH-network
- 2006
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Ingår i: 2006 Optical Fiber Communication Conference, and the 2006 National Fiber Optic Engineers Conference; Anaheim, CA; United States; 5 March 2006 through 10 March 2006. - 9781557528032 ; 2006
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- A nationwide system for accurate time distribution is being developed, utilizing synchronization in an SDH-network. The first experimental results based on this technique are presented, performed on, but not limited to, STM-64.
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| 6. |
- Abrego, Nerea, et al.
(författare)
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Airborne DNA reveals predictable spatial and seasonal dynamics of fungi
- 2024
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Ingår i: Nature. - 0028-0836 .- 1476-4687. ; 631, s. 835-842
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Fungi are among the most diverse and ecologically important kingdoms in life. However, the distributional ranges of fungi remain largely unknown as do the ecological mechanisms that shape their distributions1,2. To provide an integrated view of the spatial and seasonal dynamics of fungi, we implemented a globally distributed standardized aerial sampling of fungal spores3. The vast majority of operational taxonomic units were detected within only one climatic zone, and the spatiotemporal patterns of species richness and community composition were mostly explained by annual mean air temperature. Tropical regions hosted the highest fungal diversity except for lichenized, ericoid mycorrhizal and ectomycorrhizal fungi, which reached their peak diversity in temperate regions. The sensitivity in climatic responses was associated with phylogenetic relatedness, suggesting that large-scale distributions of some fungal groups are partially constrained by their ancestral niche. There was a strong phylogenetic signal in seasonal sensitivity, suggesting that some groups of fungi have retained their ancestral trait of sporulating for only a short period. Overall, our results show that the hyperdiverse kingdom of fungi follows globally highly predictable spatial and temporal dynamics, with seasonality in both species richness and community composition increasing with latitude. Our study reports patterns resembling those described for other major groups of organisms, thus making a major contribution to the long-standing debate on whether organisms with a microbial lifestyle follow the global biodiversity paradigms known for macroorganisms4,5.
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| 7. |
- Albrecht, Rebecca, et al.
(författare)
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The similarity-updating model of probability judgment and belief revision
- 2021
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Ingår i: Psychological review. - : American Psychological Association (APA). - 0033-295X .- 1939-1471. ; 128:6, s. 1088-1111
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- People often take nondiagnostic information into account when revising their beliefs. A probability judgment decreases due to nondiagnostic information represents the well-established "dilution effect" observed in many domains. Surprisingly, the opposite of the dilution effect called the "confirmation effect" has also been observed frequently. The present work provides a unified cognitive model that allows both effects to be explained simultaneously. The suggested similarity-updating model incorporates two psychological components: first, a similarity-based judgment inspired by categorization research, and second, a weighting-andadding process with an adjustment following a similarity-based confirmation mechanism. Four experimental studies demonstrate the model's predictive accuracy for probability judgments and belief revision. The participants received a sample of information from one of two options and had to judge from which option the information came. The similarity-updating model predicts that the probability judgment is a function of the similarity of the sample to the options. When one is presented with a new sample, the previous probability judgment is updated with a second probability judgment by taking a weighted average of the two and adjusting the result according to a similarity-based confirmation. The model describes people's probability judgments well and outcompetes a Bayesian cognitive model and an alternative probability-theory-plus-noise model. The similarity-updating model accounts for several qualitative findings, namely, dilution effects, confirmation effects, order effects, and the finding that probability judgments are invariant to sample size. In sum, the similarity-updating model provides a plausible account of human probability judgment and belief revision.
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| 9. |
- Björnham, Oscar, 1976-, et al.
(författare)
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Physical properties of the specific PapG–galabiose binding in E. coli P pili-mediated adhesion
- 2009
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Ingår i: European Biophysics Journal. - New York : Springer. - 0175-7571 .- 1432-1017. ; 38:2, s. 245-254
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Detailed analyses of the mechanisms thatmediate binding of the uropathogenic Escherichia coli tohost cells are essential, as attachment is a prerequisite forthe subsequent infection process. We explore, by means offorce measuring optical tweezers, the interaction betweenthe galabiose receptor and the adhesin PapG expressed byP pili on single bacterial cells. Two variants of dynamicforce spectroscopy were applied based on constant andnon-linear loading force. The specific PapG–galabiosebinding showed typical slip-bond behaviour in the forceinterval (30–100 pN) set by the pilus intrinsic biomechanicalproperties. Moreover, it was found that the bondhas a thermodynamic off-rate and a bond length of2.6×10-3 s-1 and 5.0 Å , respectively. Consequently, thePapG–galabiose complex is significantly stronger thanthe internal bonds in the P pilus structure that stabilizes thehelical chain-like macromolecule. This finding suggeststhat the specific binding is strong enough to enable the Ppili rod to unfold when subjected to strong shear forces inthe urinary tract. The unfolding process of the P pili rodpromotes the formation of strong multipili interaction,which is important for the bacterium to maintain attachmentto the host cells.
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