| 1. |
- Almobarak, Bilal, et al.
(författare)
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Exposure to nonanoic acid alters small intestinal neuroendocrine tumor phenotype
- 2023
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Ingår i: BMC Cancer. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1471-2407. ; 23:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BackgroundSmall intestinal neuroendocrine tumors (SI-NET) are highly differentiated and genetically stable malignant tumors, yet they often present with advanced metastatic spread at the time of diagnosis. In contrast to many other types of malignant tumors, primary SI-NET are often asymptomatic and typically smaller in size compared to adjacent lymph node metastases. This study explores the hypothesis that stimulating the chemosensing olfactory receptor 51E1 (OR51E1) decreases SI-NET proliferation suggesting a mechanism that explains a difference in proliferative rate based on tumor location.MethodsClinical data was used to address difference in tumor size depending on location. A SI-NET tissue microarray was used to evaluate expression of OR51E1 and olfactory marker protein (OMP). Primary cultured tumor cells from 5 patients were utilized to determine the effect of OR51E1 agonist nonanoic acid on metabolic activity. The SI-NET cell line GOT1 was used to determine effects of nonanoic acid on the transcriptome as well as long-term effects of nonanoic acid exposure with regards to cell proliferation, serotonin secretion, alterations of the cell-cycle and morphology.ResultsTumor size differed significantly based on location. OR51E1 and OMP were generally expressed in SI-NET. Primary SI-NET cells responded to nonanoic acid with a dose dependent altered metabolic activity and this was replicated in the GOT1 cell line but not in the MCF10A control cell line. Nonanoic acid treatment in GOT1 cells upregulated transcripts related to neuroendocrine differentiation and hormone secretion. Long-term nonanoic acid treatment of GOT1 cells decreased proliferation, induced senescence, and altered cell morphology.ConclusionOur results raise the possibility that exposure of intraluminal metabolites could represent a mechanism determining aspects of the SI-NET tumor phenotype. However, we could not causally link the observed effects of nonanoic acid exposure to the OR51E1 receptor.
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| 2. |
- Eriksson, Katarina
(författare)
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Finance and Supply Chain Management : Coordination of a Dyadic Supply Chain through Application of Option Contracts
- 2019
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The purpose of this dissertation is to study the relationship between dyadic supply chain flexibility and dyadic supply chain profitability.In today’s global environment, competition is no longer limited to companies but has evolved to supply chains. Supply disruption, lead time uncertainty and stochastic demand can result in costly inefficiencies of up to 40% when companies are trying to coordinate ordering and production. A dyadic supply chain competing in a global economy cannot afford to end up with a 40% smaller share of the pie.This thesis applies theory and instruments from finance, specifically portfolio theory and real options theory when applying option contracts to create flexibility in a dyadic supply chain.The methodology applied was to conduct an initial literature review of prior research to establish research gaps (first paper). This resulted in the development of an algorithm (second paper) combining the base stock model and the option mechanism to create flexibility for an OEM and supplier to coordinate ordering and production bilaterally in a multi-period setting. In the third paper the algorithm was applied to a case study using data from two companies, which resulted in the algorithm being tested and validated. Furthermore, option contract theory was integrated with dyadic supply chain practise while Fisher portfolio paradox was addressed.The dissertation contributes in the following areas: the empirical contribution is evidence of the relationship between dyadic supply chain flexibility and profitability using quantitative data from two companies.The methodological contribution is a method for the objective valuation of dyadic supply chain flexibility and the measurement of profitability, by valuing the option contract.The theoretical contribution is achieved through the integration of portfolio and option theory into SCM while addressing Fisher’s portfolio paradox.The practical contribution is an algorithm that creates flexibility for an OEM and asupplier to coordinate ordering and production bilaterally and maintain its collaborative advantage when competing in a global economy, thus avoiding ending up with a 40% smaller share of the pie. In addition, this dissertation advances this topic in SCM into a quantitatively measurable theory.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Jonnergård, Karin, 1957-, et al.
(författare)
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Information environment : an exploration and clarification of the concept based on prior literature
- 2020
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Ingår i: Advances in Accounting. - : Elsevier. - 0882-6110. ; 50, s. 1-11
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In the accounting and finance literature, the concept of the information environment (IE) is widely used, but its meaning varies across different articles. Given the considerable presence of the IE concept, it seems relevant to clarify the concept and allow a clearer path forward for future research. With this ambition, this paper reviews articles that apply the concept of IE. Our sample consists of 248 articles published within the accounting and finance field between 2000 and 2017. We confirm an increasing trend in the use of the concept over time and discuss the lack of distinctness in the concept's general meaning. Several definitions of IE appear parallel to one another in the literature; in many cases, these definitions are also inconsistent. To analyze the concept, we use a two-step approach with the following subordinated aims: 1) to identify and clarify different types of IE, and 2) to identify and clarify the components that constitute the firm's IE. We find that the description preceding the term IE signals a border between different types of information or between different societal levels of IE. Also, the concept appears as a “system concept,” and its inclusion of different actors, the relations among these actors, and the effect of these relations on information asymmetry are core aspects that need to be described in future research.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Knauss, Eric, 1977, et al.
(författare)
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Supporting Continuous Integration by Code-Churn Based Test Selection
- 2015
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Ingår i: RCoSE - 2nd International Workshop on Rapid Continuous Software Engineering @ ICSE 2015 Florence, Italy.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Continuous integration promises advantages in large-scale software development by enabling software development organizations to deliver new functions faster. However, implementing continuous integration in large software development organizations is challenging because of organizational, social and technical reasons. One of the technical challenges is the ability to rapidly prioritize the test cases which can be executed quickly and trigger the most failures as early as possible. In our research we propose and evaluate a method for selecting a suitable set of functional regression tests on system level. The method is based on analysis of correlations between test-case failures and source code changes and is evaluated by combining semi-structured interviews and workshops with practitioners at Ericsson and Axis Communications in Sweden. The results show that using measures of precision and recall, the test cases can be prioritized. The prioritization leads to finding an optimal test suite to execute before the integration.
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| 7. |
- Knutsson, Eva Smith, et al.
(författare)
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Genital Chronic Graft-versus-Host Disease in Females: A Cross-Sectional Study
- 2014
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Ingår i: Biology of Blood and Marrow Transplantation. - : Elsevier BV. - 1083-8791 .- 1523-6536. ; 20:6, s. 806-811
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Using the National Institutes of Health (NIH) consensus criteria for chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD), we assessed the prevalence, symptoms, and clinical signs of female genital cGVHD in a cross-sectional population-based study. Forty-two women were evaluated at a median of 80 months (range, 13 to 148 months) after undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Medical history, ongoing medications, and genital signs and symptoms were recorded. Gynecologic examination for the diagnosis and clinical scoring of genital cGVHD was combined with clinical scoring of extragenital cGVHD for the estimation of each patient’s global cGVHD score. Biopsy specimens from the genital mucosa were obtained from 38 patients. Genital cGVHD was diagnosed in 22 of 42 patients (52%). Its presence was associated with systemic corticoid steroid treatment of extragenital cGVHD (P .001), older age (P .07), and HSCT from a sibling donor (P .002). Five patients had isolated genital cGVHD. Dryness, pain, smarting pain (P < .05 for all), and dyspareunia (P .001) were observed more frequently in the women with genital cGVHD. Twelve patients had advanced genital cGVHD (clinical score 3), which was the main factor explaining the high rate (15 of 42) of severe global cGVHD. The rate of genital cGVHD was similar (P .37) in patients with a follow-up of 80 months (10 of 22) and those with a follow-up of <80 months (12 of 20). We found no convincing relationship between clinical diagnosis and histopathological assessment of mucosal biopsy specimens. In our group of women with a long follow-up after HSCT, genital cGVHD was common and in many cases incorrectly diagnosed. Genital cGVHD causes genital symptoms and affects sexual life, and may present without any other cGVHD, warranting early and continuous gynecologic surveillance in all women after HSCT.
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| 8. |
- Lennartsson, Otto, et al.
(författare)
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Case Report : Bilateral Epiphysiodesis Due to Extreme Tall Stature in a Girl With a De Novo DNMT3A Variant Associated With Tatton-Brown-Rahman Syndrome
- 2021
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Ingår i: Frontiers in Endocrinology. - : Frontiers Media S.A.. - 1664-2392. ; 12
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: To present a rare clinical case of a patient with Tatton-Brown-Rahman syndrome and the outcome of tall stature management with bilateral epiphysiodesis surgery at the distal femur and proximal ends of tibia and fibula.Study Design: Clinical case report.Results: This is a 20-year-old female with a history of proportional tall stature, developmental psychomotor and language delay with autism spectrum behavior and distinctive facial features. At 12 years and 2 months of age she was in early puberty and 172.5 cm tall (+ 2.8 SDS) and growing approximately 2 SDS above midparental target height of 173 cm (+ 0.9 SDS). A bone age assessment predicted an adult height of 187.1 cm (+3.4 SDS). To prevent extreme tall stature, bilateral epiphysiodesis surgery was performed at the distal femur and proximal ends of tibia and fibula at the age of 12 years and 9 months. After the surgery her height increased by 12.6 cm to 187.4 cm of which approximately 10.9 cm occurred in the spine whereas leg length increased by only 1.7 cm resulting in a modest increase of sitting height index from 50% (-1 SDS) to 53% (+ 0.5 SDS). Genetic evaluation for tall stature and intellectual disability identified a de novo nonsense variant in the DNMT3A gene previously associated with Tatton-Brown-Rahman syndrome.Conclusion: Tatton-Brown-Rahman syndrome should be considered in children with extreme tall stature and intellectual disability. Percutaneous epiphysiodesis surgery to mitigate extreme tall stature may be considered.
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| 9. |
- Lennartsson, Otto, et al.
(författare)
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Discordance Between Stimulated and Spontaneous Growth Hormone Levels in Short Children Is Dependent on Cut-Off Level and Partly Explained by Refractoriness
- 2020
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Ingår i: Frontiers in Endocrinology. - : Frontiers. - 1664-2392. ; 11
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: A growth hormone (GH) stimulation test is the recommended method for evaluating GH levels in children with possible GH deficiency (GHD). However, serial measurements of nocturnal spontaneous GH secretion are also performed. Divergent results from these tests have been reported, but with variable frequencies.Objectives: To investigate whether performing one or two GH tests is associated with the probability to diagnose a child with GHD; the frequency of divergent results in the arginine-insulin tolerance test (AITT) and the nocturnal spontaneous test using different cut-off levels, and whether refractoriness may explain some of the discordance.Methods: In a population-based setting, the medical records of all short children evaluated for possible GHD during January 1993-February 2017 were reviewed. Twenty-one patients had been evaluated with one GH test only and 102 children had been evaluated with a spontaneous nocturnal GH test followed immediately by a complete AITT. Divergent results were defined as having a pathological response on only one of the tests when using 3, 5, 7, and 10 µg/L as cut-offs for peak GH on both tests, 1.1 and 3.3 µg/L for mean nocturnal values and receiver operating characteristic curves-derived cut-offs for nocturnal values.Results: Children evaluated with one test only were more often diagnosed with GHD compared with children evaluated with both tests (48 vs. 19%, p = 0.019). Divergent results were found in 6-42% of the patients, with higher frequencies seen when higher cut-offs were applied. A higher proportion of patients with stimulated peak values ≤ 7 and ≤ 5 µg/L had a spontaneous peak within 2 h before the start of the AITT compared with patients with higher stimulated peak values (68 vs. 45%, p = 0.026, and 77 vs. 48%, p = 0.033, respectively).Conclusions: Divergent results between AITT and nocturnal spontaneous secretion are common in short children, dependent on the cut-offs applied and partly due to refractoriness. Performing both tests decreases the risk of over diagnosing GHD in short children.
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