| 1. |
- Bell, David, et al.
(författare)
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Forest restoration to attract a putative umbrella species, the white-backed woodpecker, benefited saproxylic beetles
- 2015
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Ingår i: Ecosphere. - 2150-8925 .- 2150-8925. ; 6:12
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Umbrella species are often spatially demanding and have limited ability to adapt to environmental changes induced by human land-use. This makes them vulnerable to human encroachment. In Sweden, broadleaved trees are disadvantaged by forestry, and commercially managed forests are often deprived of dead wood. This has led to a situation where previously widespread top predators in saproxylic food webs, such as the white-backed woodpecker (Dendrocopos leucotos), have become species of conservation concern. The white-backed woodpecker is generally considered an umbrella species, and it has been linked to forests with large volumes of dead wood from broadleaved trees. In recent years, forest stands have been restored for the white-backed woodpecker, but post-treatment evaluations have rarely included other species that also occur in broad-leaved forests (co-occurring species). Many co-occurring species are saproxylic beetles. In this study, we collected saproxylic beetles and environmental data in restored and commercially managed forests to evaluate if habitat restoration for the white-backed woodpecker also benefited other species with similar habitat associations. We found that volumes of coarse woody debris were higher in restored than in commercially managed forests, and that a majority of man-made snags and downed logs were created from birch trees (Betula spp.). Most spruce trees (Picea abies) were extracted during forest restoration, and this opened up the forest canopy, and created stands dominated by broadleaved trees. Many saproxylic beetles were more common in restored forests, and there were significant differences in species composition between treatments. These differences were largely explained by species traits. Effects of sun-exposure were particularly important, but many beneficiary species were also linked to dead wood from broadleaved trees. Red-listed saproxylic beetles showed a similar pattern with more species and individuals in restored sites. The white-backed woodpecker is still critically endangered in Sweden, but important prey species are already responding to forest restoration at the stand level. We recognize that landscape-level improvements will be required to bring the white-backed woodpecker back, but also that the umbrella species concept can provide a useful framework for successful forest restoration as many co-occurring saproxylic beetle species seemingly benefitted from restoration for the white-backed woodpecker.
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| 2. |
- Bennet, Tova, et al.
(författare)
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Den rättspsykiatriska vården är inte rättssäker – agera nu
- 2020
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Ingår i: Göteborgs-Posten. - Göteborg : Göteborgposten. - 1103-9345. ; :Oktober 19
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Det svenska rättssystemet som tillåter att vi dömer psykiskt sjuka för brott och att personer som saknar vårdbehov kan hållas frihetsberövade inom rättspsykiatrin under mycket lång tid med oklart vårdinnehåll, är unikt och har fått rättmätig kritik under lång tid. Ändå händer ingenting.
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| 3. |
- Galeev, Roman, et al.
(författare)
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Genome-wide RNAi Screen Identifies Cohesin Genes as Modifiers of Renewal and Differentiation in Human HSCs
- 2016
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Ingår i: Cell Reports. - : Elsevier BV. - 2211-1247. ; 14:12, s. 2988-3000
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To gain insights into the regulatory mechanisms of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), we employed a genome-wide RNAi screen in human cord-blood derived cells and identified candidate genes whose knockdown maintained the HSC phenotype during culture. A striking finding was the identification of members of the cohesin complex (STAG2, RAD21, STAG1, and SMC3) among the top 20 genes from the screen. Upon individual validation of these cohesin genes, we found that their knockdown led to an immediate expansion of cells with an HSC phenotype in vitro. A similar expansion was observed in vivo following transplantation to immunodeficient mice. Transcriptome analysis of cohesin-deficient CD34(+) cells showed an upregulation of HSC-specific genes, demonstrating an immediate shift toward a more stem-cell-like gene expression signature upon cohesin deficiency. Our findings implicate cohesin as a major regulator of HSCs and illustrate the power of global RNAi screens to identify modifiers of cell fate.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Lord, Anna, 1979-, et al.
(författare)
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Arctic Aβ selectively increases diffuse deposition of wild type Aβ in APP transgenic mice with the Swedish mutation
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Studies of familial Alzheimer´s disease (AD) suggest that misfolding and aggregation of amyloid-β (Aβ) peptides initiate the pathogenesis, which causes dementia. The Arctic amyloid precursor protein (APP) mutation results in AD, and Arctic Aβ is more prone to form Aβ protofibrils. Here we show that the number of diffuse Aβ deposits, but not amyloid plaques, is increased if tg-ArcSwe mice synthesizing a low level of Arctic Aβ are crossed with plaque-depositing tg-Swe mice. The diffuse deposits in bitransgenic mice, which contain mainly wild type Aβ42, accumulate in regions both with and without transgene expression. The selective increase of a single type of parenchymal Aβ deposit suggest that different pathways of Aβ aggregation lead to the formation of diffuse and compact Aβ deposits in the brain. The raise in diffuse deposits is most likely due to direct physical interactions between Arctic and wild type Aβ42, and not to altered APP processing in young bitransgenic mice. A mixture of Arctic and wild type Aβ42 facilitates the formation of prefibrillar and fibrillar Aβ assemblies, but inhibits the further elongation of Aβ fibrils in vitro. Our findings might have implications to the pathogenesis of patients who are heterozygous for the Arctic mutation. It also further illustrates how Aβ neuropathology can be manipulated in vivo in a manner reminiscent to prion disorders.
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| 6. |
- Lord, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Observations in APP Bitransgenic Mice Suggest thatDiffuse and Compact Plaques Form via IndependentProcesses in Alzheimer’s Disease
- 2011
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Ingår i: American Journal of Pathology. - : Elsevier. - 0002-9440 .- 1525-2191. ; 178:5, s. 2286-2298
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Studies of familial Alzheimer's disease suggest that misfolding and aggregation of amyloid-β (Aβ) peptides initiate the pathogenesis. The Arctic mutation of Aβ precursor protein (APP) results in AD, and Arctic Aβ is more prone to form Aβ protofibrils and extracellular deposits. Herein is demonstrated that the burden of diffuse Aβ deposits but not compact plaques is increased when tg-Swe mice are crossed with tg-ArcSwe mice synthesizing low levels of Arctic Aβ. The diffuse deposits in bitransgenic mice, which contain primarily wild-type Aβ42, accumulate in regions both with and without transgene expression. However, APP processing, when compared with tg-Swe, remains unchanged in young bitransgenic mice, whereas wild-type Aβ42 aggregation is accelerated and fibril architecture is altered in vitro and in vivo when a low level of Arctic Aβ42 is introduced. Thus, the increased number of diffuse deposits is likely due to physical interactions between Arctic Aβ and wild-type Aβ42. The selective increase of a single type of parenchymal Aβ deposit suggests that different pathways lead to formation of diffuse and compact plaques. These findings could have general implications for Alzheimer's disease pathogenesis and particular relevance to patients heterozygous for the Arctic APP mutation. Moreover, it further illustrates how Aβ neuropathologic features can be manipulated in vivo by mechanisms similar to those originally conceptualized in prion research.
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| 7. |
- Nilsson, Anders G., et al.
(författare)
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Global Development and ICT for Building Civil Societies in Developing Countries
- 2011
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Ingår i: IDIA 2011 Conference. - Melbourne, Auatralia : School of IT, Monash University. - 9780620517171
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Global development has the mission to promote social change and renewal in developing countries on a scientific basis. The leading idea behind global development is to combine social changes in civil societies with economic growth and environmental (ecological) issues in order to achieve better life conditions for poor people. The main focus here is to study the relationship between needy children and exposed mothers as a target group. The purpose is to design and apply new and innovative concepts for creating five “good circles” for society building in developing countries: distinctive culture, strong identity, support oneself, organic way of living and active learning. A specific objective is to set-up professional training spaces, called Community Children Academy Spaces (CAS), based on learning workshops, modern therapy forms and outdoor activities as well as the professional use of ICT tools for the children and their mothers. Children in general are very excited and amused by working with computers! This is the main argument for setting up special ICT spaces for needy children together with their mothers. An essential outcome of ICT spaces is also to give mothers possibilities through digital media to find new job opportunities so that they can take professional care of themselves and their children. The research is done as an integrated work between concept development (theory) and field work at site (practice). The main research contribution is a new approach for managing global development for society building in poor countries based on a systems thinking and multidisciplinary research. This approach is complemented with a visibility model for project assessment based on outcome mapping. The paper will reflect on how global development and development informatics will work for needy children and their exposed mothers based on some theoretical approaches and on-going case studies.
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| 8. |
- Nilsson, Anders G., et al.
(författare)
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Global Development, ICT4D, Education for All
- 2012
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Ingår i:
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Global development has the mission to promote social change and renewal in developing countries on a scientific basis. For this purpose the paper presents a concept for creating five good circles for society building of poor communities. This concept is further elaborated and discussed in terms of sustainability development and sustainable information systems. For one of the good circles “active learning” we illustrate how a deliberate use of tools for ICT4D (ICT for Development) can support special education for needy children and exposed mothers. Our knowledge interest is to set-up professional training spaces, called Community Children Academy Spaces (CAS), grounded on an Edducation For All (EFA) perspective for social inclusion of poor people in civil societies.
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| 9. |
- Nilsson, Anders G., 1950-, et al.
(författare)
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Nödlidande Barn i Östeuropa : En Studie inom Polsktalande regioner
- 2008
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Rapport (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Under många resor i världen har vi erfarit en omfattande nöd hos barn i olika länder. Barnens situation har också förvärrats i vårt välfärdssamhälle. Idag ser vi att barn lider av stora hälsoproblem, undernäring, problem med narkotika och prostitution samt brist på kärlek och omsorg. I vår universella värld har alla barn rätt till en god uppväxtmiljö och en god omsorg. Detta innebär att alla grundbehov hos barnen behöver tillgodoses. Barnen behöver först och främst kärlek. Ett barn behöver ett hem med ömhet, värme och trygghet. Men även viktiga fysiska behov som näringsriktig mat, rent vatten, bra bostad och nödvändig sjukvård behöver tillgodoses. Alla barn har rätt till att gå i skolan och få en ändamålsenlig utbildning för livet. Våra barn ska inte behöva vara hungriga, frysa, bli slagna och misshandlade, jobba och slita för mycket, vara fängslade eller behöva bli offer för sexuella trakasserier. Barnen måste ha skydd mot olika former av övergrepp som kränker deras rättigheter till goda levnadsvillkor på vår jord. I vår uppsats om nödlidande barn i världen vill vi koncentrera oss på följande syfte för arbetet: ”Vilka värderingsprinciper styr omhändertagande av nödlidande barn inom polsktalande regioner av Östeuropa”
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| 10. |
- Nilsson, Anders G., 1950-, et al.
(författare)
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Towards a Concept for Supporting Needy Children in Developing Countries : ICT Centers Integrated with Social Rehabilitation
- 2008
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Rapport (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- There has recently been an intensive debate in media on how efficient we use our development funds in various developing countries. Do the intended ventures reach and favour the desired target group? The target group is represented by the people who are directly exposed for very hard circumstances and great strains in their daily life such as street children, prostituted girls and boys, lonely mothers and poor families. It is a great challenge to guarantee that our development funds will get through and support the target group to the greatest possible extent – as close as we could to 100 %. We know that lots of funding disappears in local administration and political corruption in too big proportions. A constructive solution is to let researchers take over the development assistance programs in a larger extent. Researchers are experienced on running bigger and more complex projects as well as being responsible for that the undertaken commissions are performed as planned. Research projects are quality checked and evaluated carefully during the whole process in order to guarantee results and effects of the relief actions for the target group. The purpose of this paper is to illuminate how development assistance initiatives can be anchored in academic research. Our research question is as follows: “How can we develop a workable and sustainable concept for supporting needy children in developing countries using the idea of ICT centers integrated with programs for social rehabilitation?”
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