| 1. |
- Almhöjd, Ulrica S., et al.
(författare)
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Analysis of carious dentine using FTIR and ToF-SIMS.
- 2014
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Ingår i: Journal of Oral Health and Dental Management. - 1583-5588. ; 13:3, s. 735-744
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Abstract Apart from the Maillard reaction, other processes, such as esterification, take place in carious tissue. The aim of the present study was to analyse sound and carious dentine in terms of ester groups and their reaction with hydrazine derivate using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and Time-of-Flight Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (ToF-SIMS). Carious and sound dentine from human premolars were excavated in three series (Experimental Parts I-III) and separated into inner and outer layers of carious dentine. The excavated tooth material was analysed with FTIR (Part I). Carious and sound dentine were also exposed to different chemical treatments and analysed with FTIR-Attenuated Total Reflectance (FTIR-ATR; Part II) and ToF-SIMS (Part III). The FTIR absorption spectra showed that the carious tissue contained ester groups, not detected in sound dentine. The results also indicated a higher occurrence of ester groups in the inner dental caries layer than in the outer ones. Potential binding to these ester groups by hydrazine derivative was observed after different chemical treatments with both FTIR-ATR and ToF-SIMS. The results of the present study revealed ester groups unique to the carious dentine which, after reaction with hydrazine derivative, form a covalent bond not found in sound dentine. The staining of carious unique groups would be clinically helpful in detection and prevention unnecessary removal of sound dentine.
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| 2. |
- Almhöjd, Ulrica S., et al.
(författare)
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Molecular Insights into Covalently Stained Carious Dentine Using Solid-State NMR and ToF-SIMS
- 2017
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Ingår i: Caries Research. - : S. Karger AG. - 0008-6568 .- 1421-976X. ; 51:3, s. 255-263
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Dyes currently used to stain carious dentine have a limited capacity to discriminate normal dentine from carious dentine, which may result in overexcavation. Consequently, finding a selective dye is still a challenge. However, there is evidence that hydrazine-based dyes, via covalent bonds to functional groups, bind specifically to carious dentine. The aim of this study was to investigate the possible formation of covalent bonds between carious dentine and N-15(2)-hydrazine and the hydrazine-based dye, N-15(2)-labelled Lucifer Yellow, respectively. Powdered dentine from extracted carious and normal teeth was exposed to the dyes, and the staining reactions were analysed using time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS), solid-state C-13-labelled nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and N-15-NMR spectroscopy. The results showed that N-15(2)-hydrazine and N-15(2)-labelled Lucifer Yellow both bind to carious dentine but not to normal dentine. It can thus be concluded that hydrazine-based dyes can be used to stain carious dentine and leave normal dentine unstained. (C) 2017 S. Karger AG, Basel
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Falk-Brynhildsen, Karin, 1959-, et al.
(författare)
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Bacterial colonization of the skin following aseptic preoperative preparation and impact of the use of plastic adhesive drapes
- 2013
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Ingår i: Biological Research for Nursing. - : SAGE Publications. - 1099-8004 .- 1552-4175. ; 15:2, s. 242-248
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Surgical site contamination, for example, with coagulase-negative staphylococci, probably derives from both the patient’s own skin flora and those of the surgical team. Despite preoperative antiseptic preparation with chlorhexidine solution, complete sterilization of the skin is not possible and gradual recolonization will occur. Plastic adhesive drape is an established method used to prevent direct wound contamination from adjacent skin. In this study, the time to skin recolonization after antiseptic preparation was measured and the impact of using plastic adhesive drape on this recolonization was evaluated. Repeated bacterial sampling using three different methods over 6 hr was conducted after antiseptic preparation in 10 volunteers. Recolonization of skin was observed after 30 min with plastic drape and after 60 min without plastic drape; there were significantly more positive cultures with the plastic drape than without (31% vs. 7.5%, respectively, p < .001). Sampling with a rayon swab was the most sensitive sampling method. In conclusion, covering the skin with a plastic adhesive drape seems to hasten recolonization of the skin after antiseptic preparation. However, clinical trials to confirm this finding are warranted.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Idvall, Ewa, et al.
(författare)
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Assessment of recovery after day surgery using a modified version of quality of recovery-40
- 2009
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Ingår i: Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica. - : Wiley. - 0001-5172 .- 1399-6576. ; 53:5, s. 673-677
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A recent nationwide survey in Sweden found that day surgery accounts for 43% of all in-hospital procedures.1 Orthopaedic, general, and gynaecological procedures were the most common. About 40% of the day surgery units followed up with telephone calls within 1–2 days, and found pain to be the most common complaint. Quality of recovery had not been systematically evaluated with instruments tested for validity and reliability, and follow-ups beyond 2 days post-operative were not found.Quality of Recovery-40 (QoR-40)2,3 is a 40-item instrument to assess the quality of post-operative recovery. The instrument is divided into five dimensions; emotional state, physical comfort, psychological support, physical independence, and pain. These dimensions represent aspects of good-quality recovery after anaesthesia and surgery. QoR-40 has been used for patients undergoing different surgical procedures and tests for validity and reliability yielded initial support for the instrument. Myles et al.3 concluded that QoR-40 would be a useful outcome measure to assess the impact of changes in health care delivery on quality of care, but anaesthesia and surgery studies have rarely used this approach. Although QoR-40 has not been used exclusively for day surgery patients, some day surgery patients were included when the instrument was developed.2,3 Another study on day surgery patients4 used eight items from QoR-40 relevant to that study. In a systematic review of post-operative recovery outcomes measurements after ambulatory surgery, the QoR-40 was the only instrument that fulfilled the criteria that were set up but was not specifically designed for day surgery and anaesthesia.5 Another systematic review from 2008 also advises to use the QoR-40 in future validation and application studies.6 Day surgery is increasing, and it is important to measure the quality of care and the impact of change. When using an instrument such as QoR-40, each item must be carefully considered for the purpose and context it will be used in, especially when it differs from the original context, both concerning cultural differences between countries and the type of surgical procedure used. Therefore, our study created and used a modified version of the QoR-40 to measure the quality of recovery in day surgery patients. The study aimed to test this modified version in a Swedish context for day surgery patients, to assess the quality of recovery on days 1, 7, and 14 post-operative.
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| 7. |
- Jaensson, Maria, 1967-, et al.
(författare)
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Endotracheal tube size and sore throat following surgery : a randomized-controlled study
- 2010
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Ingår i: Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica. - : Wiley. - 0001-5172 .- 1399-6576. ; 54:2, s. 147-153
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Sore throat following endotracheal intubation is a common problem following surgery and one of the factors that affects the quality of recovery. This study was carried out with the primary aim of assessing whether the size of the endotracheal tube (ETT) affects the risk of sore throat in women following anaesthesia.Methods: One hundred healthy adult women undergoing elective surgery were randomly allocated to oral intubation with either ETT size 6.0 or 7.0. Anaesthesia was based on either inhalation or total intravenous anaesthesia according to standardized routines. Pre- and post-operatively, sore throat and discomfort were assessed on a four-graded scale and for hoarseness on a binary scale (yes or no). Post-operatively, the assessments were performed after 1–2 and 24 h, and if there was discomfort at 24 h, a follow-up call was made at 72 and 96 h.Results: After 1–2 h post-operatively, there were a higher proportion of patients with sore throat in ETT 7.0 vs. ETT 6.0 (51.1% vs. 27.1%), P50.006. This difference between the groups was also evident, P50.002, when comparing changes between the pre- and the post-operative values. The severity of discomfort from sore throat was also higher in ETT 7.0 (38.8%) compared with ETT 6.0 (18.8%), P 50.02. No differences were found in the incidence of hoarseness between the groups. The remaining symptoms lasted up to 96 h post-operatively in 11%, irrespective of the tube size.Conclusion:Use of a smaller-sized ETT can alleviate sore throat and discomfort in women at the post-anaesthesia care unit.
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| 8. |
- Jaensson, Maria, 1967-, et al.
(författare)
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Risk factors for development of postoperative sore throat and hoarseness after endotracheal intubation in women : a secondary analysis
- 2012
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Ingår i: AANA: American Association of Nurse Anesthetists. - West Sussex, United Kingdom : American Association of Nurse Anesthesiology. - 0094-6354 .- 2162-5239. ; 80:4, s. S67-S73
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Postoperative sore throat and hoarseness are common and disturbing complications following endotracheal intubation, and women are more frequently affected by these symptoms. This study explores risk factors associated with postoperative sore throat and hoarseness in women following intubation.In this prospective cross-sectional study, 97 patients undergoing elective ear, nose, and throat surgery or plastic surgery were included. Eight different variables were analyzed to detect possible associations for the development of postoperative sore throat or hoarseness. For data analysis, the f} test and the odds ratio were used.Three variables were found to be significant risk factors for postoperative sore throat: age greater than 60 years (P = .01), the use of a throat pack (P = .04), and endotracheal tube No. 7.0 (size 7 mm; P = .02). The only risk factor found to be significantly associated with developing hoarseness was an endotracheal cuff pressure below 20 centimeters of water (P = .04). Larger studies are needed to confirm these risk factors.
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| 9. |
- Nilsson, Ulrica G., 1960-, et al.
(författare)
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Behavioral involvement and preference for information among male and females with cardiac disease
- 2012
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Ingår i: Open Journal of Nursing. - Irvine, CA : Scientific Research Publishing, Inc.. - 2162-5336 .- 2162-5344. ; 2, s. 138-142
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this pilot study was to explore and compare preferences for involvement and preferences for information among men and women who had suffered from cardiac disease. A convenience sample of 79 respondents (47 men and 32 women) was recruited from The National Association of Heart and Lung Patients in Sweden at ten local meeting places in different areas. Krantz Health Opinion Survey, KHOS, a 16-item self-rating questionnaire, was used to measure patients’ desire for involvement in healthcare. The results indicate that patients’ information preferences and behavioural preferences are not very high though the total score in KHOS was 5.47. A difference between the genders was also found, seen as higher scores in females than males; 5.93 vs 4.44, p = 0.032, indicating that women prefer a more active role in decision making than men do. The main practical conclusion drawn from this empirical study is that patients are still not as active in seeking information or in behavioural involvement as is desirable.
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| 10. |
- Nilsson, Ulrica G., 1960-
(författare)
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Intraoperative positioning of patients under general anesthesia and the risk of postoperative pain and pressure ulcers
- 2013
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Ingår i: Journal of Perianesthesia Nursing. - : Elsevier BV. - 1089-9472 .- 1532-8473. ; 28:3, s. 137-143
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: Intraoperative positioning is a crucial component of peri-anesthesia care and can lead to postoperative complications. Therefore, this study explored risk factors for postoperative positioning pain and pressure ulcers that were associated with supine positioning in patients undergoing general anesthesia.Design: In this prospective cross sectional exploratory study, 86 ASA I-II, normal BMI patients undergoing elective surgery in the supine position from February to May 2009 were included. Seven different risk factors were examined to detect possible associations between intraoperative positioning and the development of postoperative positioning pain or pressure ulcers.Findings: Only one variable was found to be a significant risk factor for postoperative positioning pain, preoperative pain (P = .017) with an odds ratio of 13.1 (95% CI 1.4-23.9). There were no associations found between positioning pain or pressure ulcers and gender, age, duration of surgery, surface of the operation room bed, and number of monitoring devices. Four patients suffered from pain in their heels; of these, two had bilateral Grade I pressure ulcers. Five patients suffered from arm pain and three patients from neck and back pain.Conclusion: In conclusion, the risk for positioning pain seems to be greater in patients suffering from preoperative pain. Routine documentation and follow-up of a patient's preoperative pain, intraoperative positioning and overall postoperative pain experience are emphasized.
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