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- Avdic, H. B., et al.
(författare)
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Reduced effects of social feedback on learning in Turner syndrome
- 2023
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Ingår i: Scientific Reports. - : Springer Nature. - 2045-2322. ; 13:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Turner syndrome is a genetic condition caused by a complete or partial loss of one of the X chromosomes. Previous studies indicate that Turner syndrome is associated with challenges in social skills, but the underlying mechanisms remain largely unexplored. A possible mechanism is a reduced social influence on learning. The current study examined the impact of social and non-social feedback on learning in women with Turner syndrome (n=35) and a sex- and age-matched control group (n=37). Participants were instructed to earn points by repeatedly choosing between two stimuli with unequal probabilities of resulting in a reward. Mastering the task therefore required participants to learn through feedback which of the two stimuli was more likely to be rewarded. Data were analyzed using computational modeling and analyses of choice behavior. Social feedback led to a more explorative choice behavior in the control group, resulting in reduced learning compared to non-social feedback. No effects of social feedback on learning were found in Turner syndrome. The current study thus indicates that women with Turner syndrome may be less sensitive to social influences on reinforcement learning, than the general population.
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- Fredriksson, I, et al.
(författare)
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Risk factors for local recurrence after breast-conserving surgery
- 2003
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Ingår i: British Journal of Surgery. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0007-1323 .- 1365-2168. ; 90:9, s. 1093-1102
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: It is not clear whether risk factors for local recurrence after breast-conserving surgery differ in women having surgery for in situ or invasive cancer. Furthermore, the Nottingham Prognostic Index (NPI) and Nottingham Histological Grade (NHG) have been little studied as determinants of local recurrence risk. Method: In a case-control study (491 cases and 1098 controls) nested within a cohort of 7502 women who had surgery for in situ or invasive cancer of the breast, patient characteristics, tumour characteristics and treatment-related variables were evaluated as risk factors for local recurrence. Results: Multivariate conditional logistic regression analyses showed that age below 40 years, tumour multicentricity and an unclear or unknown surgical margin were significant risk factors for local recurrence. Radiotherapy to the breast and adjuvant hormone therapy were protective. Cancer in situ was not associated with a higher risk of local recurrence than invasive cancer (odds ratio 1.0, 95 per cent confidence interval 0.8 to 1.3). NHG and NPI were not helpful in determining risk of local recurrence. Conclusion: Margin status, age, tumour multicentricity, and use of radiotherapy and adjuvant hormone therapy were important determinants of risk of local recurrence. With the exception of surgical margin, variables related to the quality of surgical management did not predict risk of local recurrence.
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- Khodorkovskii, M. A., et al.
(författare)
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Electronic spectra of ArXe molecules in the region of Xe* (5d, 7s, 7p, 6p '), 80 300-89 500 cm(-1), using resonantly enhanced multiphoton ionization
- 2010
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Ingår i: Journal of Physics B. - : IOP Publishing. - 0953-4075 .- 1361-6455. ; 43:23, s. 235101-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The electronic spectra of ArXe molecules in the 80 300-89 500 cm(-1) region were recorded by (2 + n) and (3 + n) REMPI methods. The vibrational progressions attributed to transitions of molecules from the ground state to the bounded excited state and wide unstructured bands related to transitions to the continuous upper state were obtained. The molecular constants of ArXe* were calculated for all the observed progressions in the 80 300-87 000 cm(-1) region as an approximation of an anharmonic oscillator and the Morse potential. For different excited states the energy of harmonic oscillator and the dissociation energy are changed from 10 to 100 cm(-1) and from 70 to 750 cm(-1), respectively.
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